【摘要】：沖動行為是指因考慮不周、反應過快、風險過度或不合時宜從而導致不良后果的一類行為。沖動決策屬于沖動行為中的一種。它是指個體在做出決策時,傾向于選擇即時小額獎賞而非延遲大額獎賞,或者傾向于選擇高風險大額獎賞而非低風險小額獎賞的行為。 已有研究表明,膽堿能系統(tǒng)、多巴胺能系統(tǒng)在沖動決策行為中發(fā)揮了重要的作用。同時,當個體的先天沖動水平不同時,它們起作用的方式可能不同。目前,已有不少研究考察了多巴胺影響沖動決策的神經(jīng)生物學機制。但有關(guān)膽堿能神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)影響個體沖動決策的方式仍有待進一步研究。在內(nèi)側(cè)前額皮層等與沖動決策相關(guān)的腦區(qū)內(nèi),膽堿能系統(tǒng)和多巴胺能系統(tǒng)存在著交互作用。因此,本研究考察先天沖動水平不同時,毒蕈堿型膽堿類藥物是否可以間接作用于多巴胺能系統(tǒng)從而影響個體的沖動決策水平。 實驗選用16只Sprague-Dawley大鼠進行延遲折扣任務訓練。整個實驗程序包括訓練期和測試期兩個階段。實驗一的目的是建立高、低沖動大鼠的延遲折扣模型。實驗二考察了毒蕈堿型受體激動劑氧化震顫素(0.025mg/kg,0.05mg/kg,0.075mg/kg)對高、低沖動大鼠沖動決策的影響。實驗三考察氧化震顫素(0.05mg/kg)和D1樣受體拮抗劑SCH23390(0.005mg/kg,0.0075mg/kg,0.01mg/kg)聯(lián)合給藥對高、低沖動大鼠沖動決策的影響。 實驗結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：在實驗一中,將大鼠分為高沖動組和低沖動組(每組8只)。這兩組大鼠的大額獎賞選擇比例存在顯著性差異。在實驗二中,0.05mg/kg、0.075mg/kg氧化震顫素能夠顯著提高高沖動大鼠的大額獎賞選擇比例,降低低沖動大鼠的大額獎賞選擇比例。但0.075mg/kg氧化震顫素顯著提高了兩組大鼠的反應時和漏報比例。在實驗三中,0.005mg/kg、0.0075mg/kg、0.01mg/kg SCH23390顯著抑制了0.05mg/kg氧化震顫素所誘發(fā)的高沖動大鼠大額獎賞選擇比例升高的結(jié)果,0.0075mg/kg SCH23390顯著增強了0.05mg/kg氧化震顫素所誘發(fā)的低沖動大鼠大額獎賞選擇比例降低的結(jié)果。但0.05mg/kg氧化震顫素和0.01mg/kg SCH23390聯(lián)合給藥使兩組大鼠選擇大額獎賞(延遲0s投遞時)的比例顯著降低,使兩組大鼠的反應時、高沖動組大鼠的漏報比例顯著升高。 研究結(jié)果表明,氧化震顫素能夠降低高沖動大鼠的沖動決策水平,提高低沖動大鼠的沖動決策水平。SCH23390能夠抑制氧化震顫素所誘發(fā)的高沖動大鼠沖動決策水平降低的現(xiàn)象,增強氧化震顫素所誘發(fā)的低沖動大鼠沖動決策水平升高的現(xiàn)象。這一結(jié)果初步表明毒蕈堿型膽堿類藥物可以間接作用于多巴胺能系統(tǒng)從而影響個體的沖動決策水平。
[Abstract]:Impulsive behavior is a kind of behavior which is due to improper consideration, overreaction, excessive risk or untimely, which leads to adverse consequences. Impulse decision is a kind of impulsive behavior. It refers to the behavior that individuals tend to choose immediate small reward rather than delay large reward, or high risk large reward rather than low risk small reward when making decision. It has been shown that cholinergic system and dopaminergic system play an important role in impulsive decision-making. At the same time, when individuals have different levels of innate impulses, they may act in different ways. At present, many studies have investigated the neurobiological mechanism of dopamine affecting impulsive decision-making. However, the influence of cholinergic neurotransmitters on individual impulse decision-making needs further study. There is interaction between cholinergic system and dopaminergic system in the medial prefrontal cortex and other brain regions related to impulse decision. Therefore, we investigated whether muscarinic choline can indirectly affect dopaminergic system and affect individual impulse decision level. Sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were trained with delayed discount task. The whole experiment procedure includes two stages: training period and test period. The purpose of experiment one is to establish the model of delay discount in rats with high and low impulse. In experiment 2, the effects of oxytremor (0.025 mg / kg), a muscarinic receptor agonist (0.025 mg / kg), on impulsive decision-making in rats with high and low impulses were investigated. The effects of 0.05mg/kg and SCH23390 (0.005 mg / kg, 0.0075 mg / kg, 0.01 mg / kg) on impulse decision in rats with high and low impulses were investigated. In the first experiment, rats were divided into high impulse group and low impulse group (8 rats in each group). There was a significant difference in the proportion of large reward selection between the two groups. In experiment 2, 0.05 mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) O _ (5) mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1 However, 0.075mg/kg oxytremor significantly increased the response time and missed reporting ratio in both groups. In experiment 3, 0.005 mg 路kg-1 mg / kg SCH23390 significantly inhibited the increase in the proportion of high-impulse reward selection induced by 0.05mg/kg oxytremor in rats. 0.0075mg/kg SCH23390 significantly enhanced the reduction of large reward selection in low impulse rats induced by 0.05mg/kg oxytremor. However, combined administration of 0.05mg/kg oxytremor and 0.01mg/kg SCH23390 significantly decreased the proportion of large reward (delayed 0s delivery) in both groups, and significantly increased the rate of underreporting in the high impulse group. The results showed that oxytremor could decrease the level of impulsive decision-making and increase the level of impulsive decision in low-impulse rats. SCH23390 could inhibit the reduction of impulsive decision-making in high-impulsive rats induced by oxytremor. Increase the level of impulsive decision-making induced by oxytremor in low-impulse rats. These results suggest that muscarinic choline can indirectly affect dopaminergic system and affect individual impulse decision level.
【學位授予單位】：首都師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B848

【共引文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 韓曼;劉曉華;孫娜;杜劍青;;電刺激延髓外側(cè)網(wǎng)狀核對大鼠心臟-軀體運動反射的下行性抑制作用及其機制[J];吉林大學學報(醫(yī)學版);2012年03期

2 張春玲;邱振戈;;基于人類視覺特性的影像匹配策略[J];測繪通報;2006年09期

3 羅艷琳;李俊發(fā);陳昭燃;;疼痛注意研究的實驗范式[J];重慶醫(yī)學;2010年22期

4 屈繼波;劉嶺;;依達拉奉聯(lián)用尼莫同治療急性腦梗死臨床療效觀察[J];重慶醫(yī)學;2011年33期

5 李輝;王亞云;李云慶;;痛與癢的區(qū)別[J];醫(yī)學爭鳴;2011年03期

6 吳建清;;學習、記憶的神經(jīng)細胞學基礎(chǔ)[J];湖北民族學院學報(醫(yī)學版);2006年04期

7 趙曄;郭義;;肌肉痙攣的臨床治療進展[J];西部中醫(yī)藥;2011年07期

8 王超;趙曄;郭義;;針灸治療肌肉痙攣臨床研究進展[J];西部中醫(yī)藥;2011年11期

9 黃智;梁文妹;李一欣;謝莉;;海洛因戒斷、復吸對大鼠腎上腺髓質(zhì)細胞神經(jīng)肽Y表達的影響[J];貴陽醫(yī)學院學報;2012年03期

10 韓曼;孫娜;劉曉華;杜劍青;;脊髓NMDA受體對心包內(nèi)注射緩激肽誘發(fā)大鼠心臟-軀體運動反射的調(diào)節(jié)作用[J];吉林大學學報(醫(yī)學版);2012年05期

相關(guān)會議論文 前2條

1 王玲玲;;麥粒灸臨床特點及適宜病癥[A];中國針灸學會臨床分會全國第十九屆針灸臨床學術(shù)研討會論文集[C];2011年

2 王玲玲;;麥粒灸臨床特點及適宜病癥[A];2011中國針灸學會年會論文集（摘要）[C];2011年

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前10條

1 戴s跑，

本文編號：2315664