發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-07 07:38

【摘要】：沖動(dòng)行為是指因考慮不周、反應(yīng)過快、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)過度或不合時(shí)宜從而導(dǎo)致不良后果的一類行為。沖動(dòng)決策屬于沖動(dòng)行為中的一種。它是指?jìng)�(gè)體在做出決策時(shí),傾向于選擇即時(shí)小額獎(jiǎng)賞而非延遲大額獎(jiǎng)賞,或者傾向于選擇高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大額獎(jiǎng)賞而非低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)小額獎(jiǎng)賞的行為。 已有研究表明,膽堿能系統(tǒng)、多巴胺能系統(tǒng)在沖動(dòng)決策行為中發(fā)揮了重要的作用。同時(shí),當(dāng)個(gè)體的先天沖動(dòng)水平不同時(shí),它們起作用的方式可能不同。目前,已有不少研究考察了多巴胺影響沖動(dòng)決策的神經(jīng)生物學(xué)機(jī)制。但有關(guān)膽堿能神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)影響個(gè)體沖動(dòng)決策的方式仍有待進(jìn)一步研究。在內(nèi)側(cè)前額皮層等與沖動(dòng)決策相關(guān)的腦區(qū)內(nèi),膽堿能系統(tǒng)和多巴胺能系統(tǒng)存在著交互作用。因此,本研究考察先天沖動(dòng)水平不同時(shí),毒蕈堿型膽堿類藥物是否可以間接作用于多巴胺能系統(tǒng)從而影響個(gè)體的沖動(dòng)決策水平。 實(shí)驗(yàn)選用16只Sprague-Dawley大鼠進(jìn)行延遲折扣任務(wù)訓(xùn)練。整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)程序包括訓(xùn)練期和測(cè)試期兩個(gè)階段。實(shí)驗(yàn)一的目的是建立高、低沖動(dòng)大鼠的延遲折扣模型。實(shí)驗(yàn)二考察了毒蕈堿型受體激動(dòng)劑氧化震顫素(0.025mg/kg,0.05mg/kg,0.075mg/kg)對(duì)高、低沖動(dòng)大鼠沖動(dòng)決策的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)三考察氧化震顫素(0.05mg/kg)和D1樣受體拮抗劑SCH23390(0.005mg/kg,0.0075mg/kg,0.01mg/kg)聯(lián)合給藥對(duì)高、低沖動(dòng)大鼠沖動(dòng)決策的影響。 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：在實(shí)驗(yàn)一中,將大鼠分為高沖動(dòng)組和低沖動(dòng)組(每組8只)。這兩組大鼠的大額獎(jiǎng)賞選擇比例存在顯著性差異。在實(shí)驗(yàn)二中,0.05mg/kg、0.075mg/kg氧化震顫素能夠顯著提高高沖動(dòng)大鼠的大額獎(jiǎng)賞選擇比例,降低低沖動(dòng)大鼠的大額獎(jiǎng)賞選擇比例。但0.075mg/kg氧化震顫素顯著提高了兩組大鼠的反應(yīng)時(shí)和漏報(bào)比例。在實(shí)驗(yàn)三中,0.005mg/kg、0.0075mg/kg、0.01mg/kg SCH23390顯著抑制了0.05mg/kg氧化震顫素所誘發(fā)的高沖動(dòng)大鼠大額獎(jiǎng)賞選擇比例升高的結(jié)果,0.0075mg/kg SCH23390顯著增強(qiáng)了0.05mg/kg氧化震顫素所誘發(fā)的低沖動(dòng)大鼠大額獎(jiǎng)賞選擇比例降低的結(jié)果。但0.05mg/kg氧化震顫素和0.01mg/kg SCH23390聯(lián)合給藥使兩組大鼠選擇大額獎(jiǎng)賞(延遲0s投遞時(shí))的比例顯著降低,使兩組大鼠的反應(yīng)時(shí)、高沖動(dòng)組大鼠的漏報(bào)比例顯著升高。 研究結(jié)果表明,氧化震顫素能夠降低高沖動(dòng)大鼠的沖動(dòng)決策水平,提高低沖動(dòng)大鼠的沖動(dòng)決策水平。SCH23390能夠抑制氧化震顫素所誘發(fā)的高沖動(dòng)大鼠沖動(dòng)決策水平降低的現(xiàn)象,增強(qiáng)氧化震顫素所誘發(fā)的低沖動(dòng)大鼠沖動(dòng)決策水平升高的現(xiàn)象。這一結(jié)果初步表明毒蕈堿型膽堿類藥物可以間接作用于多巴胺能系統(tǒng)從而影響個(gè)體的沖動(dòng)決策水平。
[Abstract]:Impulsive behavior is a kind of behavior which is due to improper consideration, overreaction, excessive risk or untimely, which leads to adverse consequences. Impulse decision is a kind of impulsive behavior. It refers to the behavior that individuals tend to choose immediate small reward rather than delay large reward, or high risk large reward rather than low risk small reward when making decision. It has been shown that cholinergic system and dopaminergic system play an important role in impulsive decision-making. At the same time, when individuals have different levels of innate impulses, they may act in different ways. At present, many studies have investigated the neurobiological mechanism of dopamine affecting impulsive decision-making. However, the influence of cholinergic neurotransmitters on individual impulse decision-making needs further study. There is interaction between cholinergic system and dopaminergic system in the medial prefrontal cortex and other brain regions related to impulse decision. Therefore, we investigated whether muscarinic choline can indirectly affect dopaminergic system and affect individual impulse decision level. Sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were trained with delayed discount task. The whole experiment procedure includes two stages: training period and test period. The purpose of experiment one is to establish the model of delay discount in rats with high and low impulse. In experiment 2, the effects of oxytremor (0.025 mg / kg), a muscarinic receptor agonist (0.025 mg / kg), on impulsive decision-making in rats with high and low impulses were investigated. The effects of 0.05mg/kg and SCH23390 (0.005 mg / kg, 0.0075 mg / kg, 0.01 mg / kg) on impulse decision in rats with high and low impulses were investigated. In the first experiment, rats were divided into high impulse group and low impulse group (8 rats in each group). There was a significant difference in the proportion of large reward selection between the two groups. In experiment 2, 0.05 mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) O _ (5) mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1 However, 0.075mg/kg oxytremor significantly increased the response time and missed reporting ratio in both groups. In experiment 3, 0.005 mg 路kg-1 mg / kg SCH23390 significantly inhibited the increase in the proportion of high-impulse reward selection induced by 0.05mg/kg oxytremor in rats. 0.0075mg/kg SCH23390 significantly enhanced the reduction of large reward selection in low impulse rats induced by 0.05mg/kg oxytremor. However, combined administration of 0.05mg/kg oxytremor and 0.01mg/kg SCH23390 significantly decreased the proportion of large reward (delayed 0s delivery) in both groups, and significantly increased the rate of underreporting in the high impulse group. The results showed that oxytremor could decrease the level of impulsive decision-making and increase the level of impulsive decision in low-impulse rats. SCH23390 could inhibit the reduction of impulsive decision-making in high-impulsive rats induced by oxytremor. Increase the level of impulsive decision-making induced by oxytremor in low-impulse rats. These results suggest that muscarinic choline can indirectly affect dopaminergic system and affect individual impulse decision level.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B848

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 韓曼;劉曉華;孫娜;杜劍青;;電刺激延髓外側(cè)網(wǎng)狀核對(duì)大鼠心臟-軀體運(yùn)動(dòng)反射的下行性抑制作用及其機(jī)制[J];吉林大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版);2012年03期

2 張春玲;邱振戈;;基于人類視覺特性的影像匹配策略[J];測(cè)繪通報(bào);2006年09期

3 羅艷琳;李俊發(fā);陳昭燃;;疼痛注意研究的實(shí)驗(yàn)范式[J];重慶醫(yī)學(xué);2010年22期

4 屈繼波;劉嶺;;依達(dá)拉奉聯(lián)用尼莫同治療急性腦梗死臨床療效觀察[J];重慶醫(yī)學(xué);2011年33期

5 李輝;王亞云;李云慶;;痛與癢的區(qū)別[J];醫(yī)學(xué)爭(zhēng)鳴;2011年03期

6 吳建清;;學(xué)習(xí)、記憶的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞學(xué)基礎(chǔ)[J];湖北民族學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版);2006年04期

7 趙曄;郭義;;肌肉痙攣的臨床治療進(jìn)展[J];西部中醫(yī)藥;2011年07期

8 王超;趙曄;郭義;;針灸治療肌肉痙攣臨床研究進(jìn)展[J];西部中醫(yī)藥;2011年11期

9 黃智;梁文妹;李一欣;謝莉;;海洛因戒斷、復(fù)吸對(duì)大鼠腎上腺髓質(zhì)細(xì)胞神經(jīng)肽Y表達(dá)的影響[J];貴陽醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2012年03期

10 韓曼;孫娜;劉曉華;杜劍青;;脊髓NMDA受體對(duì)心包內(nèi)注射緩激肽誘發(fā)大鼠心臟-軀體運(yùn)動(dòng)反射的調(diào)節(jié)作用[J];吉林大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版);2012年05期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前2條

1 王玲玲;;麥粒灸臨床特點(diǎn)及適宜病癥[A];中國(guó)針灸學(xué)會(huì)臨床分會(huì)全國(guó)第十九屆針灸臨床學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2011年

2 王玲玲;;麥粒灸臨床特點(diǎn)及適宜病癥[A];2011中國(guó)針灸學(xué)會(huì)年會(huì)論文集（摘要）[C];2011年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 戴s跑，

本文編號(hào)：2315664