【摘要】：本研究基于雙任務(wù)范式，旨在通過指導(dǎo)語控制任務(wù)條件，得到被試在不同任務(wù)條件下的前瞻任務(wù)和當(dāng)前任務(wù)的成績，并結(jié)合眼動(dòng)追蹤技術(shù)深層次探索前瞻記憶的加工機(jī)制。 實(shí)驗(yàn)一通過指導(dǎo)語控制被試在單一當(dāng)前任務(wù)和雙任務(wù)條件下完成任務(wù)，但在任務(wù)中并不出現(xiàn)前瞻記憶線索。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，雙任務(wù)下的反應(yīng)時(shí)長于單一任務(wù)，，雙任務(wù)下對前瞻線索的總注視時(shí)間、第一注視時(shí)間均顯著長于單一任務(wù)，雙任務(wù)下前瞻線索處的瞳孔直徑顯著大于單一任務(wù)，即使前瞻線索沒有出現(xiàn)，當(dāng)前任務(wù)受到了影響，前瞻記憶占用了一部分注意資源；實(shí)驗(yàn)二通過指導(dǎo)語控制當(dāng)前任務(wù)的重要性，行為反應(yīng)和眼動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)表明，與不強(qiáng)調(diào)任務(wù)重要性相比，強(qiáng)調(diào)任務(wù)重要的條件下，前瞻記憶反應(yīng)的擊中率較低，對前瞻線索的注視次數(shù)更多、注視時(shí)間更長。這表明當(dāng)前任務(wù)的重要性對前瞻任務(wù)的完成有影響，在一定程度上造成前瞻記憶的完成率降低；實(shí)驗(yàn)三通過指導(dǎo)語操控了前瞻任務(wù)重要性變量，強(qiáng)調(diào)前瞻記憶任務(wù)重要的條件下，前瞻記憶反應(yīng)的擊中率較高,對前瞻線索的注視次數(shù)較多，注視時(shí)間較少，瞳孔直徑較大，和回視次數(shù)增加。這些結(jié)果表明，在完成前瞻記憶任務(wù)時(shí)，個(gè)體認(rèn)知資源是受特定加工策略支配的。 上述實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，前瞻記憶是一種需要占用認(rèn)知資源的策略性認(rèn)知加工過程，而眼動(dòng)技術(shù)能對前瞻記憶過程進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)的動(dòng)追蹤，并且提供多元化的數(shù)據(jù)支持，適合用于前瞻記憶加工機(jī)制的研究。
[Abstract]:Based on the two-task paradigm, the purpose of this study is to control the task conditions through the guidance language, to obtain the prospective task and the current task achievement of the subjects under different task conditions, and to explore the processing mechanism of prospective memory with eye movement tracking technology. In experiment one, participants were controlled to complete the task under the condition of single current task and double task, but there was no prospective memory clue in the task. The results showed that the response time was longer than that of single task, the total fixation time and the first fixation time of the prospective cues were significantly longer than that of the single task, and the pupil diameter of the prospective cues in the two tasks was significantly larger than that in the single task. Even if the prospective clues do not appear, the current task is affected, and the prospective memory takes up part of the attention resources; In experiment 2, the importance of the current task was controlled by the guidance language. The behavioral response and eye movement data showed that the hit rate of the prospective memory response was lower than that of not emphasizing the importance of the task. The gazing times of prospective clues were more and the fixation time was longer. This indicates that the importance of the current task has an impact on the completion of the forward-looking task, which to some extent results in the reduction of the completion rate of prospective memory. In experiment 3, the importance variables of prospective tasks were manipulated by the guidance language, which emphasized that the hit rate of prospective memory response was higher, the fixation times of prospective clues were more, the fixation time was less, and the pupil diameter was larger under the condition that the prospective memory task was important. And the number of backviews increased. These results suggest that individual cognitive resources are dominated by specific processing strategies in fulfilling prospective memory tasks. The experimental results show that prospective memory is a kind of strategic cognitive process that takes up cognitive resources, and eye movement technology can track the process of prospective memory in real time and provide a variety of data support. It is suitable for the study of prospective memory processing mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.3

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