【摘要】：動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)估是一種通過施測者與被試之間的互動(dòng)，使得被試的行為發(fā)生改變的一種測量方法，，通過對這種行為變化的考察，了解被試未來的發(fā)展水平或?qū)W習(xí)潛能。它是一種關(guān)注個(gè)體未來發(fā)展水平的互動(dòng)式測量模式。這種評(píng)估采用前測---干預(yù)---后測的模式，施測者介于被試與所需要解決的問題之間，扮演中介角色，為被試提供解決策略或線索，被試每一次的正確或錯(cuò)誤的反應(yīng)，都會(huì)得到施測者及時(shí)提供的信息反饋，并且正確的行為得到及時(shí)強(qiáng)化。 動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)估的出現(xiàn)，以維果斯基的社會(huì)文化理論和最近發(fā)展區(qū)為思想基礎(chǔ)，目的是消除社會(huì)、文化等環(huán)境因素和社會(huì)因素對個(gè)體造成不公平的評(píng)估。動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)估的有些模型就是針對特殊需要群體提出來的。智障人群由于其自身殘疾，生活范圍窄，社會(huì)接觸貧乏，文化刺激不足，靜態(tài)測驗(yàn)很難公平、準(zhǔn)確的測量出他們的發(fā)展水平或者學(xué)習(xí)潛能。動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)估彌補(bǔ)了靜態(tài)評(píng)估的不足，在對智障群體進(jìn)行評(píng)估的過程中，不斷提供幫助和信息反饋，這些干預(yù)措施使智障群體在能力上表現(xiàn)出兩種水平，這兩種水平的差距就是他們的能力潛能。 本研究將動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)估運(yùn)用到智障人士的可就業(yè)能力的測量中，采用了前測—干預(yù)---后測的評(píng)估模式，整個(gè)過程，包含了干預(yù)式評(píng)估和互動(dòng)式評(píng)估兩種模式，歷時(shí)6個(gè)月,每次的干預(yù)方案是根據(jù)智障人士的就業(yè)能力結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì). 本研究的研究結(jié)果如下： （1）動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)估可以有效測量出智障人士的可就業(yè)能力。 （2）制約智障人士就業(yè)的是其適應(yīng)性和職業(yè)價(jià)值觀。 （3）通過動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)估測量出智障人士的可就業(yè)能力，進(jìn)行人崗匹配，可以提高就業(yè)率，節(jié)約培訓(xùn)成本。
[Abstract]:Dynamic evaluation is a kind of measurement method which can change the behavior of the subjects through the interaction between the testers and the subjects. Through the investigation of this behavior change, we can understand the development level or learning potential of the subjects in the future. It is an interactive measurement mode focused on the level of future development of individuals. This assessment was conducted in a pre-test-intervention-post-test model, in which the subjects played an intermediary role between the subjects and the problems they needed to solve, providing them with a solution strategy or clue, and a correct or wrong response to each time. Will receive timely information feedback from the tester, and the correct behavior is timely strengthened. The emergence of dynamic assessment is based on Vygoski's theory of social culture and the recent development area. The purpose is to eliminate the social, cultural and other environmental factors and social factors that cause unfair evaluation to individuals. Some models of dynamic assessment are presented for special needs groups. Because of their own disability, narrow living range, poor social contact, lack of cultural stimulation, static test is difficult to fair, accurate measurement of their level of development or learning potential. Dynamic assessment makes up for the deficiency of static assessment, and provides continuous help and information feedback in the process of assessing the mentally handicapped group. These interventions make the mentally handicapped group demonstrate two levels of ability. The difference between these two levels is their potential. In this study, the dynamic assessment was applied to the measurement of employability of the mentally handicapped, and the evaluation model of pre-test, intervention-post-test was adopted. The whole process consisted of two models, interventional assessment and interactive evaluation, which lasted for six months. Each intervention is designed according to the employability structure of the mentally handicapped. The results of this study are as follows: (1) dynamic assessment can effectively measure the employability of persons with intellectual disabilities. The employability of people with intellectual disabilities is measured by dynamic assessment, Carry on the person post match, can increase the employment rate, save the training cost.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B841.7

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