【摘要】：對(duì)4名冰毒成癮病人進(jìn)行半個(gè)月共12次的神經(jīng)生物反饋與音樂聯(lián)合訓(xùn)練,試圖探索一種適合冰毒成癮病人的神經(jīng)生物反饋訓(xùn)練方案。神經(jīng)生物反饋訓(xùn)練包括6次的SMR-Beta訓(xùn)練和6次的Alpha-Theta訓(xùn)練。訓(xùn)練前后用90項(xiàng)癥狀自評(píng)量表(SCL-90)、卡特爾16種人格因素問卷(16PF)、生存質(zhì)量測(cè)定量表簡(jiǎn)表(WHOQOL-BREF)施測(cè),比較前后測(cè)的差異。采用色詞干涉的Stroop測(cè)驗(yàn)評(píng)價(jià)SMR-Beta訓(xùn)練對(duì)注意控制的影響。神經(jīng)生物反饋訓(xùn)練中加入音樂,將刺激型音樂作為SMR-Beta訓(xùn)練階段的背景音樂,松弛型音樂作為Alpha-Theta訓(xùn)練階段的背景音樂。結(jié)果顯示:(1)后測(cè)scl-90總分顯著低于前測(cè)總分,其中后測(cè)焦慮因子分、敵對(duì)因子分顯著低于前測(cè)分?jǐn)?shù);(2) 16PF后測(cè)幻想性因子分顯著低于前測(cè)分?jǐn)?shù);(3) WHOQOL-BREF后測(cè)心理領(lǐng)域分?jǐn)?shù)顯著高于前測(cè)分?jǐn)?shù);(4) Stroop測(cè)驗(yàn)后測(cè)反應(yīng)時(shí)的一致性效應(yīng)比率顯著低于前測(cè),這表明經(jīng)過SMR-Beta訓(xùn)練,被試的注意力水平有所提高。對(duì)4名冰毒成癮病人的訓(xùn)練情況進(jìn)行個(gè)案分析:(1) SMR-Beta訓(xùn)練階段的腦電結(jié)果顯示,個(gè)案2與個(gè)案3 SMR波、Beta波均有所上升;個(gè)案1與個(gè)案4 SMR波有明顯上升,而Beta波變化不明顯。比較4名被試SMR-Beta訓(xùn)練前后Stroop測(cè)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果,發(fā)現(xiàn)后測(cè)反應(yīng)時(shí)的一致性效應(yīng)比率顯著低于前測(cè),這表明SMR-Beta階段的訓(xùn)練目標(biāo)已達(dá)到效果,冰毒成癮病人的注意力水平有所提高。(2) Alpha-Theta訓(xùn)練階段,個(gè)案1與個(gè)案2 Alpha、Theta波均有所上升;個(gè)案3與個(gè)案4 Alpha、Theta波變化不明顯。在Alpha-Theta訓(xùn)練的想象陳述部分,個(gè)案1、個(gè)案3都有較好的轉(zhuǎn)變,戒毒決心增強(qiáng),對(duì)未來生活有憧憬。結(jié)論:經(jīng)過神經(jīng)生物反饋與音樂聯(lián)合的訓(xùn)練,4名冰毒成癮病人的心理健康、人格特征和生活質(zhì)量水平均有所改善。在SMR-Beta訓(xùn)練階段,其中2名被試SMR波、低頻Beta波均有所上升,另2名被試SMR波水平有所提高,低頻Beta波變化不明顯;在Alpha-Theta訓(xùn)練階段,其中2名被試的Alpha、Theta波上升趨勢(shì),另2名被試Alpha、Theta波變化不明顯。SMR-Beta階段訓(xùn)練有助于改善冰毒成癮病人的注意力水平以及認(rèn)知缺陷,Alpha-Theta階段的訓(xùn)練通過引導(dǎo)被試想象,讓其向積極的方面轉(zhuǎn)變。本次實(shí)驗(yàn)為神經(jīng)生物反饋與音樂聯(lián)合訓(xùn)練運(yùn)用于冰毒成癮病人的治療提供了一套訓(xùn)練方案,然而要將此方案推廣運(yùn)用于治療,還需要增加被試、延長訓(xùn)練周期、設(shè)置對(duì)照組進(jìn)一步完善。
[Abstract]:Four methamphetamine addicts were given 12 neurobiofeedback and music training sessions for half a month in order to explore a kind of neurobiofeedback training scheme suitable for meth addiction patients. Neurobiofeedback training includes 6 SMR-Beta training and 6 Alpha-Theta training. 90 symptom Checklist (SCL-90), Cattell's 16 Personality Factor questionnaire (16PF) and quality of Life scale (WHOQOL-BREF) were used before and after training. The effect of SMR-Beta training on attention control was evaluated by Stroop test of color word interference. In the neurobiofeedback training, the stimulative music is used as the background music in the SMR-Beta training stage, and the relaxed music as the background music in the Alpha-Theta training stage. The results showed that: (1) the total score of post-test scl-90 was significantly lower than that of pre-test, and the post-test anxiety factor score was significantly lower than that of pre-test. The scores of hostile factors were significantly lower than those of pre-test scores; (2) the scores of 16PF post-test fantasy factors were significantly lower than those of pre-test scores; (3) the scores of post-test psychological field of WHOQOL-BREF were significantly higher than those of pre-test scores; (4) the rate of consistency effect in post-test response of Stroop test was significantly lower than that in pre-test. This indicated that after SMR-Beta training, the participants' attention level improved. A case study of 4 methamphetamine addicts was carried out: (1) the EEG results of the SMR-Beta training stage showed that both case 2 and case 3 showed an increase in SMR wave, case 1 and case 4 showed a significant increase in SMR wave, but no significant change in Beta wave. The results of Stroop test in 4 subjects before and after SMR-Beta training showed that the rate of consistency effect in post-test reaction was significantly lower than that in pre-test, which indicated that the training goal in SMR-Beta stage had achieved results. The attention level of patients with methamphetamine addiction was improved. (2) in the Alpha-Theta training stage, the Alpha,Theta wave of case 1 and case 2 increased, while the wave of Alpha,Theta in case 3 and case 4 did not change significantly. In the imaginative statement of Alpha-Theta training, case 1 and case 3 all had a better change, and the determination to detoxification was strengthened, and there was a vision for future life. Conclusion: the mental health, personality and quality of life of 4 patients with methamphetamine addiction were improved after neurobiofeedback and music training. In the SMR-Beta training stage, the SMR wave of 2 subjects increased, the low frequency Beta wave increased, while the SMR wave level of the other 2 subjects increased, the low frequency Beta wave did not change obviously, and in the Alpha-Theta training stage, the Alpha,Theta wave of 2 subjects increased. In the other two subjects, the change of Alpha,Theta wave was not obvious in SMR-Beta stage training, which was helpful to improve the attention level of meth addiction patients and to improve the cognitive deficit Alpha-Theta stage by guiding the subjects' imagination and making them change to positive aspects. This experiment provides a training program for the treatment of methamphetamine addicts by combining neurobiofeedback and music training. However, in order to apply this program to the treatment, we need to increase the number of subjects and prolong the training period. The control group was further improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B845.4

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