【摘要】：對(duì)于情緒詞匯的加工,不同的理論有不同的觀點(diǎn)。傳統(tǒng)理論的觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為,對(duì)詞匯的情緒反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生于閱讀本身,是抽象語(yǔ)義的激活,也就是說(shuō)在閱讀的時(shí)候,我們要先明白詞匯的意義,之后才會(huì)產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)的情緒。與此不同的是新興理論——神經(jīng)重用理論提出的觀點(diǎn),它認(rèn)為大腦區(qū)域參與加工各種刺激(面孔、圖片、氣味)的情緒信息,也負(fù)責(zé)加工詞匯的情緒信息,也就是說(shuō)大腦區(qū)域直接參與加工情緒信息。神經(jīng)重用的觀點(diǎn)假設(shè)最近習(xí)得的認(rèn)知功能(如語(yǔ)言)不是全新的網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)物,而是起源于“古老”成分的重新組合,它們也參與其他的認(rèn)知功能。根據(jù)這一觀點(diǎn),情緒詞匯會(huì)激活經(jīng)典閱讀網(wǎng)絡(luò)之外的大腦區(qū)域(如杏仁核、腦島、前額皮質(zhì)),加工情緒的區(qū)域不是閱讀的區(qū)域。那么情緒詞匯到底在何時(shí)被加工,需要進(jìn)一步的深入探討。一個(gè)特定的情緒——厭惡。選取能夠引發(fā)人們厭惡情緒的漢語(yǔ)詞匯。如果我們把前腦島作為一個(gè)大腦加工厭惡情緒的可能定位,那么神經(jīng)重用理論將預(yù)測(cè),厭惡內(nèi)容的詞匯將快速激活這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)。傳統(tǒng)理論可能不會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)前腦島的激活,但是會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)典閱讀網(wǎng)絡(luò)的激活。為了驗(yàn)證情緒詞匯的加工到底遵循的是何種理論,我們進(jìn)行了一系列的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。研究一是行為實(shí)驗(yàn),讓被試看漢語(yǔ)詞匯,并迅速做出判斷它是厭惡詞匯還是中性詞匯。若是厭惡詞匯,右手食指按鼠標(biāo)左鍵反應(yīng);若是中性詞匯,右手中指按鼠標(biāo)右鍵反應(yīng)。記錄被試對(duì)中性詞匯和厭惡詞匯的反應(yīng)時(shí)。如果厭惡詞匯的反應(yīng)時(shí)少于中性詞匯,那么被試加工詞匯時(shí),情緒加工相比其他加工要更早。研究二是腦電實(shí)驗(yàn),要求被試看漢語(yǔ)詞匯,并迅速判斷呈現(xiàn)的詞匯是否為交通工具。如果是交通工具右手食指按鍵盤(pán)“Y”鍵反應(yīng),如果不是不做反應(yīng)。這樣讓厭惡詞匯和中性詞匯處于同等的抑制加工水平,記錄被試的腦波和行為數(shù)據(jù)。如果在這種不加注意的情況下,被試對(duì)厭惡詞匯的反應(yīng)早于400ms,并與中性詞匯有顯著差異,那么,可以間接證明對(duì)詞匯的情緒加工早于意義加工。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)詞匯本身所攜帶的情緒信息顯著地影響我們對(duì)詞匯的判斷.(2)對(duì)厭惡詞匯的加工要明顯快于對(duì)中性詞匯的加工,即對(duì)情緒詞匯的加工相比中性詞匯的加工有優(yōu)勢(shì)。(3)對(duì)情緒詞匯的情緒反應(yīng)要早于對(duì)其意義的加工。(4)對(duì)情緒詞匯的加工,它遵循的是神經(jīng)重用理論的觀點(diǎn)。(5)漢語(yǔ)的厭惡詞匯激活皮質(zhì)所需的時(shí)間比法語(yǔ)的厭惡詞匯激活皮質(zhì)所需的時(shí)間短。
[Abstract]:Different theories have different views on the processing of emotional vocabulary. According to the traditional theory, the emotional response to vocabulary comes from reading itself, which is the activation of abstract semantics. That is to say, when we read, we must first understand the meaning of words, and then produce corresponding emotions. In contrast, the emerging theory of neural reuse suggests that the brain region is involved in processing emotional information about various stimuli (faces, pictures, smells), as well as processing the emotional information of words. In other words, brain regions are directly involved in processing emotional information. The point of view of neural reuse assumes that recently acquired cognitive functions (such as language) are not new network products, but originated from the recombination of "ancient" components, which also participate in other cognitive functions. According to this view, emotional vocabulary activates areas of the brain outside the classic reading network (such as the amygdala, the islands, and the prefrontal cortex), and the regions that process emotions are not areas of reading. So when the emotional vocabulary is processed needs to be further explored. A particular emotion-disgust. Select Chinese words that can arouse people's aversion. If we use the forebrain island as a possible location for the brain to process aversion, then the neural reuse theory will predict that the vocabulary of aversion content will quickly activate this structure. Conventional theory may not predict activation of forebrain islands, but may predict activation of classic reading networks. In order to verify the theory of emotional vocabulary processing, we conducted a series of experimental studies. The first is behavioral experiment, which allows people to look at Chinese words and quickly decide whether they are disgust or neutral. If disgust words, the right index finger by the left mouse button response; if neutral words, right-handed reaction. The responses to neutral and disgust words were recorded. If the reaction time of disgust words was less than that of neutral words, emotional processing was earlier than other processing. The second is EEG experiment, which requires Chinese words to be tried and whether the words presented are vehicles or not. If it is the right index finger of the vehicle press the keyboard "Y" key response, if not do not react. This puts aversion and neutral words at the same level of inhibition processing, recording brain waves and behavioral data. If the response to disgust was earlier than 400 msand significantly different from that of neutral words, it could be indirectly proved that the emotional processing of vocabulary was earlier than the processing of meaning. The results were as follows: (1) the emotional information carried by vocabulary itself significantly affected our judgment of vocabulary. (2) the processing of disgust words was faster than that of neutral words. That is, the processing of emotional vocabulary is superior to that of neutral vocabulary. (3) emotional reaction to emotional vocabulary is earlier than processing of its meaning. (4) processing of emotional vocabulary, It follows the theory of neural reusability. (5) the time required for the activation of the cortex in Chinese is shorter than that of the cortex in French.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：信陽(yáng)師范學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B842.6

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