【摘要】：連續(xù)快速呈現(xiàn)(RSVP)范式是研究注意時(shí)間機(jī)制的經(jīng)典范式。在快速閃現(xiàn)的刺激中,若目標(biāo)二(T2)在目標(biāo)一(T1)之后的200-500ms(Lag)內(nèi)出現(xiàn),人們識(shí)別目標(biāo)二的正確率會(huì)顯著降低,即注意瞬脫(Attentional Blink, AB)。有關(guān)此效應(yīng)的理論尚有爭論,工作記憶調(diào)節(jié)此效應(yīng)的研究還不斷挑戰(zhàn)著既有理論。 為了進(jìn)一步探討視覺工作記憶加工過程在此效應(yīng)中的作用,我們通過操縱視覺工作記憶鞏固(WMC)的容量或時(shí)長,探究工作記憶鞏固在AB效應(yīng)中的認(rèn)知與腦機(jī)制。實(shí)驗(yàn)一結(jié)合改編的延遲匹配任務(wù),通過設(shè)置兩種容量的WMC控制其加工負(fù)荷,目標(biāo)一的匹配性及Lag各有兩水平。結(jié)果表明,WMC容量可顯著調(diào)節(jié)AB效應(yīng),這一調(diào)節(jié)作用還會(huì)受到Lag或延遲匹配性的限制,其認(rèn)知機(jī)制可能與WMC的序列加工有關(guān)。實(shí)驗(yàn)二采用事件相關(guān)電位(ERPs)技術(shù),探究WMC長、短兩種時(shí)長及Lag影響AB的認(rèn)知與腦機(jī)制。結(jié)果表明,以正確識(shí)別T2的反應(yīng)時(shí)為因變量時(shí),兩因素的主效應(yīng)與交互效應(yīng)都顯著；當(dāng)鞏固時(shí)長為100ms時(shí),Lag的簡單效應(yīng)更大。與行為數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果一致,在AB期內(nèi),T2誘發(fā)的P2、P3成分振幅更��；當(dāng)WMC時(shí)長為200ms時(shí),AB期內(nèi)的P2成分振幅更��；當(dāng)WMC時(shí)長為100ms時(shí),AB期內(nèi)P3成分的潛伏期更長。 綜上,我們認(rèn)為WMC的序列加工機(jī)制可能是其影響AB效應(yīng)的認(rèn)知機(jī)制,WMC時(shí)長與目標(biāo)間隔的交互作用會(huì)影響到T2的感知加工階段,駁斥了以往有關(guān)AB效應(yīng)理論的假設(shè)。
[Abstract]:Continuous and fast presentation of (RSVP) paradigm is a classic paradigm to study the mechanism of attention time. In rapid flash stimulation, if target 2 (T2) appears in 200-500ms (Lag) after target 1 (T1), the accuracy of recognition of target 2 will be significantly reduced, that is, noticing instantaneous (Attentional Blink, AB). The theory of this effect is still controversial, and the study of the effect of working memory regulation is challenging the existing theory. In order to further explore the role of visual working memory processing in this effect, we explored the cognitive and brain mechanisms of working memory consolidation in the AB effect by manipulating visual working memory to consolidate the capacity or duration of (WMC). In the first experiment, the processing load is controlled by setting WMC with two kinds of capacity, and the matching ability of target one and Lag are two levels respectively. The results showed that the capacity of AB could significantly regulate the AB effect, which was also restricted by Lag or delayed matching, and its cognitive mechanism might be related to the sequence processing of WMC. In experiment 2, event-related potential (ERPs) technique was used to explore the cognitive and brain mechanisms of WMC, short and long WMC, and the influence of Lag on AB. The results show that the main effect and the interaction effect of the two factors are significant when the response time of T2 is correctly identified as dependent variable, and the simple effect of Lag is greater when the consolidation time is 100ms. In accordance with the behavioral data, the amplitude of P2P _ 3 induced by T _ 2 in AB phase was smaller, that of P2 component in AB phase was smaller when WMC duration was 200ms, and the latency of P3 component in AB phase was longer when WMC duration was 100ms. In conclusion, we think that the sequence processing mechanism of WMC may be its cognitive mechanism that affects the AB effect. The interaction between the duration of WMCs and the target interval will affect the processing stage of T2, which refutes the previous hypothesis of AB effect theory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842.3

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本文編號(hào)：2205355