發(fā)布時間：2018-08-24 12:50

【摘要】：親社會行為是一種使他人獲益并且促進(jìn)社會和諧的行為,不僅可以幫助他人,同時使自己獲得情感上的滿足和一定的社會名聲。社會群體偏好具有親社會傾向的個體,他人的接納和認(rèn)可能夠滿足他們的歸屬感和安全感。個體時刻都處在與他人的聯(lián)系中,沒有人愿意生活在社會孤島上。社會排斥損害個體的歸屬感和安全感,嚴(yán)重影響個體的身心健康;然而,這種消極現(xiàn)象卻在校園和社會中時常發(fā)生。當(dāng)前關(guān)于親社會行為影響因素的研究包括個體和社會兩方面,前者更多集中在認(rèn)知和人格因素上,后者更多關(guān)注家庭、學(xué)校環(huán)境,而缺少對群體關(guān)系的研究;社會群體親社會行為現(xiàn)狀的研究多以成人為對象,而對兒童的研究較少。本研究通過兩個分研究考察社會排斥對兒童親社會行為的影響,以及影響過程中情緒的中介作用。研究一通過對兒童親社會行為現(xiàn)狀的分析以及社會排斥對兒童親社會行為的影響研究發(fā)現(xiàn):兒童親社會行為的發(fā)生頻率整體呈下降趨勢,主要表現(xiàn)形式是幫助他人的行為;社會排斥對親社會行為的影響顯著。研究二通過拒絕范式進(jìn)一步考察情緒在社會排斥對兒童親社會行為的影響過程中的中介作用。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):情緒在社會排斥和兒童的親社會行為的關(guān)系中發(fā)揮部分中介的作用。綜合以上研究,得出結(jié)論:(1)兒童的親社會行為的主要表現(xiàn)形式是助人行為。(2)在性別因素上,親社會行為存在顯著差異,女生比男生表現(xiàn)出更多的親社會行為。(3)不同群體關(guān)系對兒童情緒的影響差異顯著,社會排斥組會引起兒童的消極情緒,社會接納組引起兒童的積極情緒。(4)社會排斥和兒童的親社會行為相關(guān)顯著,社會排斥組兒童的親社會行為顯著少于社會接納組的兒童。(5)情緒在社會排斥對兒童的親社會行為的影響中存在部分中介效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Prosocial behavior is a kind of behavior that can benefit others and promote social harmony. It can not only help others, but also make oneself obtain emotional satisfaction and certain social reputation. Social groups prefer individuals with prosocial tendencies and others' acceptance and approval can satisfy their sense of belonging and sense of security. Individuals are always in contact with others, and no one wants to live on a social island. Social exclusion damages individuals' sense of belonging and sense of security, and seriously affects their physical and mental health. However, this negative phenomenon often occurs on campus and in society. The current research on the influencing factors of prosocial behavior includes individual and social, the former focuses more on cognitive and personality factors, the latter pays more attention to the family and school environment, but lacks the research on group relationship. The current situation of prosocial behavior of social groups is mostly focused on adults, but less on children. In this study, we investigated the influence of social exclusion on children's prosocial behavior and the mediating role of emotion in the process. Through the analysis of the current situation of children's pro-social behavior and the influence of social exclusion on children's pro-social behavior, the results show that the frequency of children's pro-social behavior is decreasing, and the main manifestation is the behavior of helping others; Social exclusion has a significant effect on prosocial behavior. In the second study, the role of emotion in the influence of social exclusion on children's prosocial behavior was investigated through rejection paradigm. The results show that emotion plays a role as a mediator in the relationship between social exclusion and children's prosocial behavior. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the main manifestation of children's prosocial behavior is helpful behavior. (2) there are significant differences in prosocial behaviors in gender factors. Girls showed more pro-social behaviors than boys. (3) the influence of different group relationships on children's emotions was significantly different, and social exclusion group would cause children's negative emotions. (4) there was a significant correlation between social exclusion and children's pro-social behavior. The prosocial behavior of children in the social exclusion group was significantly lower than that in the social acceptance group. (5) there were some mediating effects in the influence of social exclusion on children's pro-social behavior.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B844.1

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