【摘要】：校園欺凌是影響世界各地兒童和青少年的主要社會(huì)問(wèn)題,它發(fā)生在學(xué)校和學(xué)生家校來(lái)回的途中。卷入任何形式校園欺凌的學(xué)生的身心健康都會(huì)受到不同程度的影響,特別是受欺凌者,更容易產(chǎn)生焦慮、抑郁情緒以及社交障礙等問(wèn)題,其危害不僅體現(xiàn)在時(shí)下,而且會(huì)影響學(xué)生的未來(lái)生活。本研究關(guān)注受欺凌學(xué)生的自尊和焦慮情況,對(duì)4-6年級(jí)小學(xué)生的受欺凌現(xiàn)狀、自尊和焦慮情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查;并探討了學(xué)生受欺凌的嚴(yán)重程度、自尊水平和焦慮水平之間的關(guān)系;研究還對(duì)一名受欺凌的六年級(jí)學(xué)生進(jìn)行個(gè)案干預(yù),探究心理干預(yù)對(duì)受欺凌學(xué)生自尊和焦慮的調(diào)節(jié)作用。本研究采用問(wèn)卷測(cè)量法,在浙江省寧波市A小學(xué)(外來(lái)務(wù)工子女學(xué)校)和B小學(xué)(寧波鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校)選取4-6年級(jí)小學(xué)生878人參與調(diào)查研究,采用陳世平修訂的Smith版欺凌問(wèn)卷、魏運(yùn)華編制的《兒童自尊量表》和蘇林雁等修訂編制的兒童焦慮性情緒障礙篩查表(SCARED),并用SPSS17.0進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析和處理;綜合對(duì)一名受欺凌的六年級(jí)學(xué)生的個(gè)案干預(yù),本研究主要得出以下結(jié)果:(1) 4-6年級(jí)小學(xué)生校園受欺凌行為具有較高的發(fā)生率,且存在顯著的性別差異,但在學(xué)校、年級(jí)間不存在顯著差異。(2) 4-6年級(jí)受欺凌學(xué)生和未受欺凌學(xué)生的自尊水平、焦慮水平有顯著差異。(3) 4-6年級(jí)小學(xué)生校園受欺凌嚴(yán)重程度、自尊和焦慮三者之間關(guān)系密切:受欺凌嚴(yán)重程度和自尊水平存在顯著的負(fù)相關(guān);受欺凌嚴(yán)重程度和焦慮水平存在顯著的正相關(guān);學(xué)生自尊水平和焦慮水平存在顯著的負(fù)相關(guān)。(4)受欺凌對(duì)象經(jīng)過(guò)個(gè)案干預(yù)后,自尊水平有所提高,焦慮水平有所降低,受欺凌情況減少。由此可得出結(jié)論,4-6年級(jí)小學(xué)生的校園受欺凌現(xiàn)象具有普遍性,對(duì)學(xué)生的自尊水平和焦慮水平有顯著的影響;通過(guò)個(gè)案干預(yù),可以降低欺凌帶給受欺凌者的心理負(fù)面影響,提高其自尊水平和降低焦慮水平,并間接減少其受欺凌次數(shù)。
[Abstract]:School bullying is a major social problem affecting children and adolescents around the world. The physical and mental health of students involved in any form of bullying on campus is affected to varying degrees, especially the bullies, who are more likely to develop anxiety, depression and social disorders. And will affect the future life of students. This study focused on the self-esteem and anxiety of the bullied students, investigated the bullying status, self-esteem and anxiety of primary school students in grades 4-6, and explored the relationship among the degree of bullying, the level of self-esteem and the level of anxiety. The study also investigated the effects of psychological intervention on self-esteem and anxiety of a bullied sixth grader. In this study, 878 pupils of grades 4 to 6 were selected from Ningbo A Primary School (migrant Workers' Children School) and B Primary School (Ningbo Rural School) to participate in the study. Chen Shiping's revised Smith bullying questionnaire was used in this study. Wei Yunhua's Child Self-esteem scale and Su Linyan's revised child anxiety disorder screening scale (SCARED),) were used to analyze and process the data with SPSS17.0. The main results of this study are as follows: (1) there is a higher incidence of bullying behavior and significant gender difference in the school of grade 4-6 pupils, but in the school, There was no significant difference between grades. (2) Self-esteem and anxiety level of bullying students and non-bullied students in grades 4-6 were significantly different. (3) the degree of bullying in grade 4-6 was significant. There is a significant negative correlation between bullying severity and self-esteem level, a significant positive correlation between bullying severity and anxiety level. There was significant negative correlation between self-esteem and anxiety. (4) after individual intervention, the level of self-esteem increased, anxiety decreased, and bullying decreased. It can be concluded that bullying on campus of grade 4-6 pupils is universal and has significant influence on students' self-esteem and anxiety level, and the psychological negative effects of bullying on bullied students can be reduced by individual intervention. Improve their self-esteem and anxiety level, and indirectly reduce their bullying times.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B844.1

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本文編號(hào)：2198306