【摘要】：基于解釋水平理論，探討當(dāng)個體面臨風(fēng)險型決策和不確定型決策情境時，時間距離對個體風(fēng)險偏好的影響及其內(nèi)在機制，隨機抽取寧波大學(xué)學(xué)生對其進(jìn)行問卷施測。本文包括兩個研究，研究一中，我們設(shè)計了風(fēng)險型決策和不確定型決策兩種不同的決策類型來比較個體在近期未來與遠(yuǎn)期未來的風(fēng)險偏好差異，采用2×2混合實驗設(shè)計；研究二中，我們考察了情緒對時間距離影響不同類型決策情境風(fēng)險偏好的中介作用。研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)： 1、對于風(fēng)險型決策，與近期未來事件相比，被試在收益情境中對遠(yuǎn)期未來決策行為表現(xiàn)出冒險行為傾向，，但在損失情景中沒有表現(xiàn)出這樣的效應(yīng)；在不確定型決策中，相對于近期未來事件，被試在技能事件和隨機事件兩種情境中對遠(yuǎn)期未來的決策行為都表現(xiàn)出更高的風(fēng)險尋求傾向，但時間距離×決策情境的交互作用不顯著。 2、在風(fēng)險型決策中，情緒在時間距離對收益情境風(fēng)險偏好的影響中存在完全中介作用，相對于遠(yuǎn)時間距離事件，近時間距離事件會使個體產(chǎn)生更多的積極情緒，處于積極情緒狀態(tài)下個體的決策行為表現(xiàn)出低冒險行為傾向，而當(dāng)個體處于消極情緒狀態(tài)下，其決策行為表現(xiàn)出高冒險行為傾向。而在損失情境中則無此效應(yīng)；在不確定型決策中，情緒在時間距離對技能事件風(fēng)險偏好的影響中存在部分中介作用，而在隨機事件中則無此效應(yīng)。這些結(jié)果表明,時間距離對個體的風(fēng)險偏好具有重要影響，情緒可能是其心理機制。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of interpretation level, this paper discusses the influence of time distance on individual risk preference and its internal mechanism when individuals are faced with risk decision and uncertain decision situations, and randomly select students from Ningbo University to carry out questionnaires. This paper includes two studies. In the first study, we design two different decision types, risk decision and uncertain decision, to compare the difference of individual risk preference in the near future and the long future, and adopt 2 脳 2 mixed experimental design. In the second study, we investigated the mediating effect of emotion on temporal distance and risk preference in different decision situations. The results showed that: 1, compared with the recent future events, the subjects showed a tendency of risk-taking behavior in the income situation, but did not show such an effect in the loss scenario; In uncertain decision making, compared with the recent future events, the participants showed a higher risk seeking tendency in both skill events and random events. However, the interaction of time distance 脳 decision situation is not significant. 2. In risk decision, emotion has a complete intermediary role in the influence of time distance on risk preference of income situation, compared with long time event. Close distance events can make individuals produce more positive emotions. When they are in positive mood, the decision-making behavior of individuals shows a tendency of low risk behavior, while when individuals are in a negative mood state, the decision-making behavior of individuals shows a tendency of low risk behavior, and when individuals are in a negative mood state, Its decision-making behavior shows a tendency of high risk-taking behavior. In uncertain decision making, emotion has some mediating effect in the influence of time distance on risk preference of skill event, but not in random event. These results suggest that time distance has an important effect on individual risk preference and emotion may be its psychological mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 王霞;于春玲;劉成斌;;時間間隔與未來事件效價:解釋水平的中介作用[J];心理學(xué)報;2012年06期

2 莊錦英;情緒與決策的關(guān)系[J];心理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2003年04期

本文編號：2185991