自我表露對大學生親密感的影響研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-09 12:49
【摘要】：自我表露是個體在社會交往中,把私人的信息與他人進行真誠地分享的過程。前人的研究已經表明,相互性的自我表露能夠促進更進一步的表露。自我表露是個體對他人表達情感、想法與觀點的窗口,是增進親密感的重要途徑。大學生的身心發(fā)展正處于走向成熟而又未完全成熟的階段,這一時期的主要任務是發(fā)展親密感,克服孤獨感,大學生期待在同伴關系中獲得愛與歸屬。而適度恰當的自我表露能夠促進大學生親密感的發(fā)展,有助于大學生的心理健康發(fā)展。特別是在關系發(fā)展的初期,自我表露更顯得至關重要,因為它可能決定兩個人是否愿意繼續(xù)交往和發(fā)展親密感。與此同時,自我表露的類型和性別差異有可能對親密感的增進產生不同的影響。因此,本研究采用問卷調查法、實驗室實驗法探究自我表露對親密感的影響。研究1采用問卷調查法,以自我表露與親子之間、朋友之間的親密感的關系為出發(fā)點,結果顯示,父親親密感與自我表露中的父親自我表露的相關程度最高(r=0.60),母親親密感與自我表露中的母親自我表露的相關程度最高(r=0.60),同性親密感與自我表露中的同性自我表露的相關程度最高(r=0.51),異性親密感與自我表露中的異性自我表露的相關程度最高(r=0.67),親密感與相同對象的自我表露呈中等程度的相關。研究2采用實驗室實驗法,以自我表露的不同類型(事實性自我表露和情感性自我表露)對大學生親密感的影響為出發(fā)點,結果顯示,陌生同伴間輪流交替式的自我表露能帶來喜歡、親密感、感知到的共同點和享受互動過程的積極的人際互動結果。從事實性自我表露與情感性自我表露對親密感的影響來看,情感性自我表露組的外顯親密感得分顯著高于事實性自我表露組的外顯親密感得分(t=-2.78,p=0.0080.01),且情感性自我表露的內隱同伴親密感得分高于事實性自我表露的內隱同伴親密感得分(t=-2.29,p=0.03)。研究3采用實驗室實驗法,以自我表露的情感效價和配對類型為出發(fā)點,結果顯示,在陌生同伴的互動中,同性與異性之間的自我表露可以同樣有效地提升大學生之間的親密感,正性情感的表露和負性情感的表露也同樣有效地可以提升大學生之間的親密感;在正性情感表露的情況下,同性同伴的親密感和異性同伴的親密感差異不顯著(p0.05),在負性情感表露的情況下,異性同伴的親密感高于同性同伴的親密感(p0.05);在同一互動情境中,男性的外顯親密感得分高于女性的外顯親密感得分(t=3.51,p0.01)。
[Abstract]:Self-disclosure is a process in which individuals share personal information with others in social interaction. Previous studies have shown that mutual self-disclosure can promote further disclosure. Self-disclosure is a window through which individuals express their feelings, ideas and opinions to others, and an important way to enhance intimacy. The physical and mental development of college students is in the stage of maturing and not fully mature. The main task of this period is to develop intimacy and overcome loneliness. College students expect to get love and belonging in their peer relationship. Proper self-disclosure can promote the development of college students' intimacy and contribute to the development of their mental health. Especially in the early stages of a relationship, self-disclosure is even more important, as it may determine whether two people are willing to continue to socialize and develop a sense of intimacy. At the same time, types of self-disclosure and gender differences may have different effects on increased intimacy. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of self-disclosure on intimacy by questionnaire and laboratory experiments. In study 1, a questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the relationship between self-disclosure and intimacy between parents and children, as well as between friends. The results showed that, The correlation between paternal intimacy and self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.60), that between mother and mother was the highest (r = 0.60), and that between same-sex intimacy and self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.60), and that between same-sex intimacy and self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.60). The correlation between heterosexual closeness and heterosexual self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.67), and the correlation between heterosexual closeness and self-disclosure of the same subjects was moderate (r = 0.67). In study 2, the effect of different types of self-disclosure (factual self-disclosure and affective self-disclosure) on college students' intimacy was used as the starting point. Alternate self-disclosure among strangers can bring about a sense of love, intimacy, perceived commonality, and positive interpersonal interaction results in the process of enjoying interaction. From the point of view of the influence of factual self-disclosure and emotional self-disclosure on intimacy, The scores of explicit intimacy in affective self-disclosure group were significantly higher than those in factual self-disclosure group (t _ (-2.78) P _ (0.0080.01), and the scores of implicit peer intimacy in affective self-disclosure group were higher than those in factual self-disclosure group (t ~ (-2.29) p0.03). In study 3, a laboratory experiment was used to study the affective titer and pairing type of self-disclosure. The results showed that, in the interaction of strangers, The self-disclosure between the same sex and the opposite sex can promote the intimacy between the college students as well as the positive emotion and the negative emotion. There was no significant difference in intimacy between same-sex peers and heterosexual peers (p0.05). In the case of negative affective disclosure, the closeness of heterosexual peers was higher than that of same-sex peers (p0.05). The scores of explicit closeness in males were higher than those in females (t = 3.51, p 0.01).
【學位授予單位】：上海師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B844.2
本文編號：2174127
[Abstract]:Self-disclosure is a process in which individuals share personal information with others in social interaction. Previous studies have shown that mutual self-disclosure can promote further disclosure. Self-disclosure is a window through which individuals express their feelings, ideas and opinions to others, and an important way to enhance intimacy. The physical and mental development of college students is in the stage of maturing and not fully mature. The main task of this period is to develop intimacy and overcome loneliness. College students expect to get love and belonging in their peer relationship. Proper self-disclosure can promote the development of college students' intimacy and contribute to the development of their mental health. Especially in the early stages of a relationship, self-disclosure is even more important, as it may determine whether two people are willing to continue to socialize and develop a sense of intimacy. At the same time, types of self-disclosure and gender differences may have different effects on increased intimacy. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of self-disclosure on intimacy by questionnaire and laboratory experiments. In study 1, a questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the relationship between self-disclosure and intimacy between parents and children, as well as between friends. The results showed that, The correlation between paternal intimacy and self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.60), that between mother and mother was the highest (r = 0.60), and that between same-sex intimacy and self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.60), and that between same-sex intimacy and self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.60). The correlation between heterosexual closeness and heterosexual self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.67), and the correlation between heterosexual closeness and self-disclosure of the same subjects was moderate (r = 0.67). In study 2, the effect of different types of self-disclosure (factual self-disclosure and affective self-disclosure) on college students' intimacy was used as the starting point. Alternate self-disclosure among strangers can bring about a sense of love, intimacy, perceived commonality, and positive interpersonal interaction results in the process of enjoying interaction. From the point of view of the influence of factual self-disclosure and emotional self-disclosure on intimacy, The scores of explicit intimacy in affective self-disclosure group were significantly higher than those in factual self-disclosure group (t _ (-2.78) P _ (0.0080.01), and the scores of implicit peer intimacy in affective self-disclosure group were higher than those in factual self-disclosure group (t ~ (-2.29) p0.03). In study 3, a laboratory experiment was used to study the affective titer and pairing type of self-disclosure. The results showed that, in the interaction of strangers, The self-disclosure between the same sex and the opposite sex can promote the intimacy between the college students as well as the positive emotion and the negative emotion. There was no significant difference in intimacy between same-sex peers and heterosexual peers (p0.05). In the case of negative affective disclosure, the closeness of heterosexual peers was higher than that of same-sex peers (p0.05). The scores of explicit closeness in males were higher than those in females (t = 3.51, p 0.01).
【學位授予單位】：上海師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B844.2
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