【摘要】：寬恕是人際交往中的重要組成部分。寬恕感是能原諒別人且心安的情感,是一種復(fù)雜的社會(huì)情感,在沖突發(fā)生以后,受害者做出寬恕行為后會(huì)體會(huì)相應(yīng)的寬恕情緒,這種情緒經(jīng)過(guò)反復(fù)積累和認(rèn)知深化,同時(shí)受到基本的社會(huì)需要的調(diào)解以后便會(huì)形成最終相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的寬恕情感。前人研究表明受害者對(duì)于冒犯者想要被原諒的信念是寬恕的強(qiáng)有力的預(yù)測(cè)項(xiàng)目。所以在我們的研究中重點(diǎn)關(guān)注雙方對(duì)于寬恕的想法,受害者并不一定能夠正確意識(shí)到冒犯者想要被原諒的意愿,即寬恕期待,這種差異能夠影響受害者的寬恕行為的產(chǎn)生。本研究采用情境故事法將沖突雙方關(guān)于相同問(wèn)題的對(duì)比來(lái)了解雙方關(guān)于沖突發(fā)生后的各項(xiàng)認(rèn)知的差異。通過(guò)行為與ERP實(shí)驗(yàn),探討在寬恕期待反饋高低情境中,大學(xué)生寬恕感的表現(xiàn)特點(diǎn),涉及到個(gè)體的行為、情緒以及腦電反應(yīng)。在實(shí)驗(yàn)一中,通過(guò)情境問(wèn)卷法探討沖突雙方的認(rèn)知差異;實(shí)驗(yàn)二通過(guò)真實(shí)情境實(shí)驗(yàn)法,制造貼合大學(xué)生實(shí)際的沖突,實(shí)驗(yàn)者通過(guò)控制冒犯者寬恕期待反饋來(lái)考察不同寬恕特質(zhì)受害者的行為和情緒體驗(yàn)差異;實(shí)驗(yàn)三在實(shí)驗(yàn)二的基礎(chǔ)上編制線上互動(dòng)游戲程序,主要考察個(gè)體在面對(duì)不同寬恕期待反饋的冒犯者時(shí)的行為和腦電反應(yīng)。結(jié)果顯示:實(shí)驗(yàn)一中寬恕期待主效應(yīng)顯著,受害者的寬恕期待顯著小于冒犯者,寬恕感對(duì)寬恕行為意向和寬恕期待均有顯著預(yù)測(cè)作用,寬恕期待在寬恕感和寬恕行為之間起著部分中介作用,寬恕感高的個(gè)體更容易做出寬恕行為,并且受到寬恕期待的中介作用,寬恕期待越高,寬恕行為越多。實(shí)驗(yàn)二中寬恕期待反饋和寬恕感的交互作用顯著,簡(jiǎn)單效應(yīng)分析結(jié)果顯示,寬恕反饋對(duì)于高寬恕感被試的行為及情緒影響不顯著,對(duì)于低寬恕感被試影響顯著。實(shí)驗(yàn)三中對(duì)兩個(gè)對(duì)家的刺激量差異顯著,對(duì)表達(dá)寬恕期待的對(duì)家的寬恕程度顯著高于對(duì)未表達(dá)寬恕期待對(duì)家,腦電結(jié)果顯示晚期正成分波幅上的期待反饋主效應(yīng)顯著,期待反饋和腦區(qū)交互作用顯著,對(duì)于發(fā)送寬恕期待的對(duì)家進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的認(rèn)知重評(píng),誘發(fā)更大波幅。
[Abstract]:Forgiveness is an important part of interpersonal relationships. Forgiveness is an emotion that forgives others and heart. It is a complex social emotion. After the occurrence of a conflict, the victim will experience the corresponding forgiveness after the victim's forgiveness. This emotion is mediated by repeated accumulation and cognition, and is mediated by the basic social needs. Previous studies have shown that the victim's belief that the offender wants to be forgiven is a powerful prediction for forgiveness. So in our study, we focus on the ideas of both sides for forgiveness, and the victims do not necessarily be able to realize the intention of the offender to be forgiven, that is, the intention of the offender to be forgiven, that is, This study uses the situational story method to compare the differences of the two parties on the same issues to understand the differences of cognitive differences between the two parties after the occurrence of the conflict. Through the behavior and the ERP experiment, we discuss the performance of the forgiveness of the college students in the high and low context of the forgiveness expectation feedback. Characteristics, involving individual behavior, emotion and brain electrical response. In the experiment one, the cognitive differences between the two parties were investigated by the situational questionnaire. Experiment two made the actual conflict with the college students through the real situation experiment method. The experimenter examined the behavior of the victims of different forgiveness traits by controlling the offenders' forgiveness period. On the basis of the experiment two, experiment three examines the behavior and EEG response of the individual in the face of the offenders with different forgiving expectation feedback. The results show that the forgiveness expectation of the victim is significantly smaller than the offender, and the forgiveness is to the forgiveness behavior. The expectation of intention and forgiveness has a significant predictive effect. Forgiveness anticipates a partial role between the sense of forgiveness and the forgiveness behavior, and the individuals with high forgiveness are more likely to do forgiveness, and are mediated by the expectation of forgiveness. The higher the forgiveness expectation is, the more forgiveness behavior is. In experiment second, the interaction of the forgiveness expectation feedback and the sense of forgiveness is in Experiment 2. With significant and simple effect analysis, the results of simple effect analysis showed that the effect of pardon feedback on the behavior and emotion of the high forgiveness subjects was not significant, and it had significant influence on the low forgiveness subjects. In the third experiment, there were significant differences in the stimulation of two families, and the degree of forgiveness to the family expressing forgiveness expectancy was significantly higher than that of those who did not express forgiveness expectations. The results showed that the expectant feedback main effect on the amplitude of the late positive component was significant, the anticipation feedback and the interaction of the brain region were significant, and further cognitive reassessment was carried out for the families sending forgiveness expectations, and the greater amplitude was induced.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842.6

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