發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-24 08:34

【摘要】：基于金錢(qián)和時(shí)間對(duì)幸福感的差異性影響，本研究以助人過(guò)程中付出的資源為著眼點(diǎn)，探索金錢(qián)助人和時(shí)間助人對(duì)幸福感產(chǎn)生的不同影響；同時(shí)，由于社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)與助人行為和幸福感間均存在較強(qiáng)的相關(guān)性，研究中將社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)作為助人行為對(duì)幸福感影響過(guò)程中的調(diào)節(jié)變量，探討助人者與受助者之間形成的高社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)是否比低社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)更有利于提高個(gè)體幸福感，以及金錢(qián)和時(shí)間助人在社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)的調(diào)節(jié)下，對(duì)幸福感是否存在差異性的影響。本研究采用問(wèn)卷調(diào)查、訪(fǎng)談研究以及實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法，得到如下研究結(jié)果： （1）金錢(qián)助人和時(shí)間助人均有利于提高個(gè)體幸福感； （2）助人過(guò)程中，助人者與受助者形成的高社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)比低社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)更有利于提高幸福感。當(dāng)人們?cè)谥诵袨榈倪^(guò)程中，與受助者形成更多的聯(lián)系時(shí)，體會(huì)到的幸福感更高。 （3）社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)的調(diào)節(jié)作用使金錢(qián)助人和時(shí)間助人對(duì)幸福感的提升存在差異。 低社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)情境下，時(shí)間助人比金錢(qián)助人更幸福。相比金錢(qián)啟動(dòng)個(gè)體的效用最大化思維定勢(shì)，時(shí)間啟動(dòng)使人更情緒化、注重體驗(yàn)，也更有助于提高幸福感。因此在社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)程度低，參與度低且助人結(jié)果無(wú)法得知時(shí)，時(shí)間的付出啟動(dòng)了人們的情緒性思維定勢(shì)，讓人們更感性，更注重助人過(guò)程中的情緒體驗(yàn)，因此比金錢(qián)助人體會(huì)到更多的幸福。 高社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)情境下，金錢(qián)助人和時(shí)間助人對(duì)幸福感不存在差異性影響。親社會(huì)行為的目的除了活動(dòng)本身，還在于尋求與他人的聯(lián)結(jié)。因此，高社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)的助人行為不僅滿(mǎn)足助人的目標(biāo)，助人者與受助者間社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)的形成也對(duì)幸福感起到了積極作用。所以此時(shí)不論金錢(qián)還是時(shí)間助人，聯(lián)結(jié)形成所滿(mǎn)足的歸屬感和助人效能感都使個(gè)體的幸福體驗(yàn)達(dá)到最高。 本研究創(chuàng)新之處有兩點(diǎn)：首先將社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)作為助人行為對(duì)幸福感影響過(guò)程中的調(diào)節(jié)變量，得出助人者與受助者之間高社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)的形成比低社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)更有利于提高助人幸福感；其次，將金錢(qián)助人和時(shí)間助人對(duì)幸福感的差異性影響在社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)的調(diào)節(jié)作用下得到了驗(yàn)證，說(shuō)明助人者與受助者形成較低的社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)時(shí)，時(shí)間助人比金錢(qián)助人更幸福。此研究結(jié)果為個(gè)體、慈善組織甚至是全社會(huì)的助人行為，提供了科學(xué)的指導(dǎo)，說(shuō)明只有讓助人者在幫助他人的過(guò)程中感受到緊密的社會(huì)聯(lián)結(jié)，才能最有效地提高其幸福感，，從而使助人行為和幸福感之間形成積極的反饋回路，促進(jìn)助人行為的長(zhǎng)久發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Based on the difference between money and time on happiness, this study focuses on the resources paid in the process of helping others, and explores the different effects of money and time on happiness. Because there is a strong correlation between social association and helping behavior and well-being, social connection is regarded as the regulating variable in the process of influencing well-being. This paper discusses whether the high social connection formed between the helper and the recipient is more conducive to the improvement of individual happiness than the low social connection, and whether there are differences in the influence of money and time on the well-being under the regulation of social association. This study adopts the methods of questionnaire, interview and laboratory experiments, and obtains the following results: (1) money and time are helpful to improve individual happiness; (2) in the process of helping others, The high social connection between the helper and the recipient is more conducive to the improvement of happiness than the low social connection. When people form more contact with recipients in the process of helping others, they have higher sense of happiness. (3) the regulation of social connection makes the difference between money and time to improve happiness. In low social connection situations, time helps others more happily than money does. Time priming makes people more emotional, more experiential, and more helpful to improve happiness than money priming individual utility maximization thinking pattern. Therefore, when the degree of social connection is low, the participation is low and the result is not known, the pay of time starts people's emotional thinking pattern, makes people more emotional and pays more attention to the emotional experience in the process of helping others. So more happiness than money helps others. In the context of high social connection, there is no difference in the influence of money and time on happiness. The purpose of pro-social behavior is to seek association with others in addition to activity itself. Therefore, the behavior of high social connection not only satisfies the goal of helping others, but also plays a positive role in the formation of social connection between helper and recipient. Therefore, whether money or time helps others, the sense of belonging and the sense of efficacy that the union forms make the happiness experience of individual reach the highest level. There are two innovations in this study: firstly, the social connection is regarded as the regulating variable in the process of the influence of helping behavior on well-being, and it is concluded that the formation of high social connection between helper and recipient is more conducive to improving the happiness of helping people than that of low social connection; Secondly, the difference between the influence of money and time on happiness is verified by the adjustment of social connection, which shows that when the helper and the recipient form a lower social connection, the time is happier than the money. The findings provide scientific guidance to individuals, charitable organizations and even the community as a whole for helping others. It shows that only when a helper feels a close social connection in the process of helping others can he or she most effectively increase his happiness. The positive feedback loop between helping behavior and happiness can be formed, and the long-term development of helping behavior can be promoted.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B842

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