本文選題：自我寬恕傾向 + 老年人��； 參考：《重慶師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著老齡化程度日益加深，老年人的身心健康和幸福感越來越得到各界人士的關(guān)注。自我寬恕是個(gè)體身心健康的影響因素之一，對(duì)老年人自我寬恕的研究有助于提高老年人的身心健康水平，讓老年人能積極應(yīng)對(duì)生活和自己。 研究目的：1.編制老年人自我寬恕傾向問卷，為老年人自我寬恕傾向的量化研究提供工具。2.了解老年人自我寬恕傾向現(xiàn)狀，探討其在性別、年齡、戶口所在地、婚姻狀況和文化程度上的差異。3.探討高低自我寬恕傾向水平老年人的差異，為提高老年人自我寬恕能力提供理論和實(shí)踐依據(jù)。 研究方法：1.在大量閱讀國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，以老年人為被試，經(jīng)過開放式問卷調(diào)查形成老年人自我寬恕傾向預(yù)測問卷。通過對(duì)預(yù)測問卷調(diào)查結(jié)果進(jìn)行探索性因素和驗(yàn)證性因素分析，形成老年人自我寬恕傾向正式問卷。以304名老年人為被試檢測了正式問卷的內(nèi)部一致性信度、分半信度及其效度。2.采用方差分析和獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn)對(duì)上述被試自我寬恕傾向現(xiàn)狀及其在性別、戶口所在地、文化程度、年齡和婚姻狀況上的差異。3.采用一對(duì)一訪談法對(duì)30名高低自我寬恕傾向老年人進(jìn)行研究，，探討了兩類老年人的差異。 研究結(jié)果：1.自編的老年人自我寬恕傾向正式問卷包括14個(gè)題項(xiàng)，包括認(rèn)知傾向、情感傾向和行為傾向三個(gè)維度，使用五點(diǎn)量表計(jì)分法，問卷具有良好的信、效度，內(nèi)部一致性信度系數(shù)為0.940，分半系數(shù)為0.939，再測信度為0.948，因素分析的結(jié)果解釋了總變異的64.248%。2.老年人自我寬恕傾向水平在整體上處于較高水平。通過對(duì)被試人口學(xué)變量的分析，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)不同性別、地區(qū)、教育程度、婚姻狀況及文化程度對(duì)老年人自我寬恕傾向及其各個(gè)維度均有不同程度的顯著差異。3.高低自我寬恕傾向老年人在認(rèn)知（歸因方式和應(yīng)對(duì)方式）、情感（消極情感的多寡）、行為（是否主動(dòng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任）和人際關(guān)系（社會(huì)支持的多寡）四個(gè)方面存在差異。 研究結(jié)論：1.自編老年人自我寬恕傾向問卷包括三個(gè)因素：認(rèn)知傾向、情感傾向和行為傾向。問卷具有良好的信、效度，能夠作為研究的測量工具。2.老年人總體自我寬恕傾向水平較高。3.不同性別、戶籍類型、年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況的老人在自我寬恕傾向上存在不同程度的顯著差異。4.高低自我寬恕傾向水平的老年人在認(rèn)知、情感、行為和人際關(guān)系上存在差異。
[Abstract]:With the aging degree deepening, the physical and mental health and well-being of the elderly are more and more concerned by people from all walks of life. Self-forgiveness is one of the influencing factors of individual physical and mental health. The research on self-forgiveness of the elderly is helpful to improve the physical and mental health of the elderly and enable them to actively cope with life and themselves. Objective: 1. In order to provide a tool for quantitative study of self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly, a questionnaire on self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly was developed. To understand the status of self-forgiveness tendency in the elderly, and to explore the differences in sex, age, residence location, marital status and educational level. To explore the differences of high and low self-forgiveness tendency in the elderly and to provide theoretical and practical basis for improving the self-forgiveness ability of the elderly. Research method: 1. On the basis of reading a large number of literature at home and abroad, the elderly were selected as subjects, and the self-forgiveness tendency prediction questionnaire was formed by an open questionnaire. Through the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the predictive questionnaire results, the formal questionnaire of self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly was formed. The internal consistency reliability, split-half reliability and validity of the formal questionnaire were tested in 304 elderly subjects. ANOVA and independent sample t-test were used to analyze the status of self-forgiveness tendency and its differences in sex, residence location, education level, age and marital status. A one-to-one interview was used to study the differences between the two groups of elderly people with high and low self-forgiveness tendency. The result of the study was: 1. The self-designed formal questionnaire for self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly includes 14 items, including three dimensions of cognitive disposition, emotional tendency and behavioral tendency. The questionnaire has good reliability and validity by using the five-point scale scoring method. The internal consistency reliability coefficient was 0.940, the split-half coefficient was 0.939, and the re-test reliability was 0.948. The result of factor analysis explained the total variation of 64.248. 2. The level of self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly is relatively high on the whole. By analyzing the demographic variables of the subjects, it was found that there were significant differences between gender, region, education, marital status and education level on the self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly and its dimensions. There are differences in cognition (attribution style and coping style), emotion (the amount of negative emotion), behavior (whether to take responsibility or not) and interpersonal relationship (the amount of social support). Conclusion: 1. The self-designed questionnaire for self-forgiveness of the elderly consists of three factors: cognitive, emotional and behavioral. The questionnaire has good reliability and validity and can be used as a measuring tool. 2. The overall self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly is higher. 3. 3. There were significant differences in self-forgiveness tendency of elderly people with different gender, household registration type, age, education level and marital status. There were differences in cognition, emotion, behavior and interpersonal relationship between the elderly with high self-forgiveness tendency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B844.4

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