本文選題：自閉癥 + 視野偏向��； 參考：《閩南師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：自閉癥譜系障礙(autism spectrum disorder, ASD)是一組發(fā)生于兒童早期的發(fā)展障礙性疾病,突出表現(xiàn)為社會交流障礙、限制性興趣／重復(fù)行為。已有研究發(fā)現(xiàn),特異的視覺加工方式可能是ASD較早表現(xiàn)出的癥狀之一,代表了大腦相關(guān)區(qū)域功能上的缺陷。 社會交往是一種復(fù)雜的活動,既包括面孔,也包括面孔所處的周圍場景。為了探討在正常人面孔加工中所表現(xiàn)出來的視野偏向現(xiàn)象是否普遍存在于場景知覺中,是否也表現(xiàn)在ASD患者的社交場景加工中,選取3-6歲的ASD患兒和正常兒童各31名,讓他們自由觀看場景圖片,收集其眼動指標(biāo)： 研究一讓被試觀看左右對稱的室外場景和室內(nèi)場景圖片各20張,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),與正常兒童相同,ASD兒童對場景的知覺產(chǎn)生左視野偏向現(xiàn)象,表現(xiàn)為對室內(nèi)場景左視野的覺察時(shí)間更短,注視時(shí)間和觀察時(shí)間更長；但ASD對場景的加工能力弱于正常兒童。 為了進(jìn)一步探討人類面孔的出現(xiàn)是否對視野偏向注意產(chǎn)生影響,研究二讓被試觀看左右對稱的室內(nèi)場景圖片各8張,每張圖片左右兩側(cè)各坐有同一個(gè)人物,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),與正常兒童相同,ASD兒童對信息對稱的社交場景區(qū)域、人物及面孔均存在左視野偏向注意現(xiàn)象；但ASD兒童比正常兒童覺察速度更慢,注視時(shí)間更短。 研究三結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)對稱場景圖片中僅有左側(cè)或右側(cè)有一人物時(shí),面孔吸引了兩組兒童大量的注意,兩組兒童的左視野偏向注意現(xiàn)象均不明顯,表現(xiàn)為對人物出現(xiàn)一側(cè)視野區(qū)域的偏好。 由此可見,不論是ASD兒童還是正常兒童,場景知覺中都存在左視野偏向注意,但當(dāng)場景中出現(xiàn)低水平知覺刺激如面孔等社交信息,其注意的視野偏向現(xiàn)象將不再明顯。ASD兒童對場景的知覺和加工均比正常兒童差。
[Abstract]:Autism spectrum disorder (autism spectrum disorder,) is a group of developmental disorders occurring in early childhood. It has been found that specific visual processing may be one of the early symptoms of ASD, representing functional defects in the related regions of the brain. Social interaction is a complex activity, including both the face and the surrounding scene of the face. In order to investigate whether the phenomenon of visual field bias in normal face processing is common in scene perception, and whether it is also reflected in the social scene processing of ASD patients, 31 ASD children aged 3-6 years and 31 normal children were selected. They were given the freedom to look at scene images and collect their eye movement indicators. The study showed that 20 outdoor and 20 indoor images of left and right symmetrical scenes were viewed by the subjects, and the results showed that, As in normal children, the perception of the scene of ASD children produces the phenomenon of left visual field bias, which shows that the detection time of the left visual field of indoor scene is shorter, the time of fixation and observation is longer, but the processing ability of ASD to the scene is weaker than that of the normal children. In order to further explore whether the appearance of human faces has an effect on visual field bias, the second study asked the subjects to look at the left and right symmetrical indoor scene pictures 8 each, each with the same character sitting on the left and right sides of each picture. Compared with normal children, ASD children have the phenomenon of left visual field bias attention in the information symmetrical social scene area, but ASD children have slower detection speed and shorter fixation time than normal children. The third study found that when there was only one person on the left or right side of the symmetrical scene, the face attracted a lot of attention from the two groups of children, and the left visual field bias attention was not obvious in both groups. It is expressed as a preference for the appearance of one side of the field of vision of the character. It can be seen that whether ASD children or normal children, there is a left visual field bias in scene perception, but when there is low level of perceptual stimuli such as social information such as faces in the scene, The visual field bias will no longer be obvious. ASD children's perception and processing of the scene are worse than that of normal children.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：閩南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842

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