本文選題：正念 + 人格　； 參考：《首都師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著積極心理學(xué)在全球范圍的備受關(guān)注和蓬勃發(fā)展,基于正念的心理學(xué)療法成為認(rèn)知行為療法的第三浪潮。我國在20世紀(jì)80年代就開始了理論層面對該療法的關(guān)注；但是時至如今實證領(lǐng)域的發(fā)現(xiàn)還是較為稀少,更不消說對理論機(jī)制的探索了。筆者在參與正念普及宣傳的應(yīng)用工作中,主觀發(fā)現(xiàn)愿意參加正念訓(xùn)練的群體似乎表現(xiàn)出在人群中占有一定比例,并且具有某些特質(zhì)或需要方面的傾向。因此查閱國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)人格特質(zhì)和正念之間關(guān)系是國外研究者很感興趣的主題,國內(nèi)尚無人問津,并且該主題仍有很多有趣的、值得探索的方面。 本研究著力于探索人格特質(zhì)與正念之間的關(guān)系。將其關(guān)系定位于：對于不了解基于正念的心理學(xué)療法的健康普通人群,愿意參加正念練習(xí)與不愿意參加正念練習(xí)的群體是否有顯著的人格特質(zhì)差異；在正念訓(xùn)練過程中,是否有人格因素對練習(xí)效果產(chǎn)生影響�；谶@兩個思路形成了本研究的研究一和研究二。 研究一招募493名被試,填寫簡式大五人格問卷,實驗組填寫報名信息表,對照組不填寫。通過相關(guān)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：是否愿意參加正念訓(xùn)練與神經(jīng)質(zhì)(r=0.14,p0.01),責(zé)任心(r=-0.12,p0.01)顯著相關(guān)；揭示神經(jīng)質(zhì)維度與是否愿意接受正念練習(xí)呈正相關(guān),責(zé)任心維度與其呈負(fù)相關(guān)。通過多變量方差分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：在神經(jīng)質(zhì)維度上,接受練習(xí)群體的平均得分顯著高于不接受練習(xí)的群體(F(1,489)=9.54,p0.01,η2=0.019)；在責(zé)任心維度上,接受練習(xí)群體的平均得分顯著低于不接受練習(xí)的群體(F(1,489)=6.92,p0.01,η2=0.014)；說明接受正念練習(xí)群體和不接受群體在神經(jīng)質(zhì)維、責(zé)任心維度存在顯著差異。研究一表明：對于普通人群是否愿意接受正念訓(xùn)練這個層面,人格特質(zhì)與正念之間存在統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異,愿意參加正念訓(xùn)練的群體表現(xiàn)出了神經(jīng)質(zhì)水平更高、責(zé)任心水平更低的傾向。首次從正念適應(yīng)人群的人格特質(zhì)傾向角度揭示了人格與正念之間的關(guān)系。 研究二采用了研究一的實驗組,剔除不符合實驗要求的被試,得到51名被試。沿用研究一的簡式大五人格問卷測量結(jié)果,使用正念五因素量表(FFMQ),簡明心境量表和簡式簡明心境量表(POMS)。通過分層回歸分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：神經(jīng)質(zhì)維度對FFMQ,總分,描述因子,覺知地行動因子,POMS,總分,緊張焦慮因子,抑郁沮喪因子,有力好動因子,疲勞惰性因子,困惑迷茫因子有顯著貢獻(xiàn)。研究結(jié)果表明：在正念練習(xí)效果的人格特質(zhì)影響因素中,神經(jīng)質(zhì)維度起到了顯著的解釋量；揭示了在正念練習(xí)過程中,神經(jīng)質(zhì)維度對練習(xí)效果起到了統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義上的影響。首次使用正念八周訓(xùn)練方案加以干預(yù),在正念效果影響原因角度探索了人格特質(zhì)與正念之間的關(guān)系。 綜合研究一、二可得：人格特質(zhì)與正念之間的關(guān)系存在統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義,對于無冥想經(jīng)驗的普通人群,愿意練習(xí)正念的群體比不愿意練習(xí)正念的群體神經(jīng)質(zhì)水平顯著較高、責(zé)任心水平顯著較低。對于正念練習(xí)效果,神經(jīng)質(zhì)維度起到顯著的影響。
[Abstract]:With the worldwide attention and vigorous development of positive psychology, mindfulness based psychological therapy has become the third wave of cognitive behavioral therapy. In 1980s, our country began to pay attention to the theory in the face of this therapy; but the discovery in the field of empirical studies is still scarce, not to mention the theoretical mechanism. In the application of mindfulness popularization, the author found that the group willing to participate in the mindfulness training seemed to show a certain proportion in the crowd, and had some tendencies of certain qualities or needs. Therefore, the study of the relationship between domestic and foreign literature and the relationship between personality traits and mindfulness was very interesting for foreign researchers. The theme of the subject is still unanswered in China, and there are still many interesting and worthwhile aspects to explore.
This study focuses on exploring the relationship between personality traits and mindfulness. The relationship is defined as whether there are significant differences in personality traits between healthy people who do not understand psychological therapy based on mindfulness and those who are willing to participate in mindfulness exercises and those who do not want to participate in mindfulness exercises. It has an impact on the effect of practice. Based on these two ideas, the research one and the research two are formed.
In the study, 493 subjects were recruited to fill in a simple five personality questionnaire, the experimental group filled out the registration information table and the control group did not fill in. Through the correlation analysis, it was found that whether they were willing to participate in the mindfulness training and neuroticism (r=0.14, P0.01) and the sense of responsibility (r=-0.12, P0.01) were significantly related, and the neuroticism dimension was positively correlated with the willingness to accept the mindfulness practice, In the neuroticism, the average score of the accepted practice group was significantly higher than that of the group that did not receive exercise (F (1489) =9.54, P0.01, ETA 2=0.019) in the neuroticism dimension, and the average score of the accepted practice group was significantly lower than that of the group that did not receive exercise (F (1489) =6.9) in the dimension of the neuroticism. 2, P0.01, ETA 2=0.014); there was a significant difference between the mindfulness practice group and the non acceptor group in the neuroticism dimension. The study showed that there was a statistical difference between the personality traits and the mindfulness of the general population if they were willing to accept the mindfulness training, and the group willing to attend the mindfulness training showed the nerve. The relationship between personality and mindfulness is the first time from the perspective of mindfulness adaptation to personality traits.
In study two, 51 subjects were excluded from the experimental group, which did not meet the requirements of the experiment. The results were measured by the simplified large Five Personality Questionnaire (FFMQ), the concise mood scale and the simple concise mood scale (POMS) were used. The neuroticism dimension to FFMQ, total score was found through the stratified regression analysis. Descriptive factors, awareness of action factors, POMS, total scores, tension anxiety factors, depression and depression factors, powerful active factors, fatigue inert factors, and confused confused factors have significant contributions. In the process, the neuroticism has a statistically significant effect on the effect of practice. The first eight weeks of mindfulness training program was used to intervene, and the relationship between personality traits and mindfulness was explored in the perspective of the cause of the effect of mindfulness.
Comprehensive study one, two can be obtained: the relationship between personality traits and mindfulness has statistical significance. For ordinary people without meditation experience, the group willing to practise mindfulness is significantly higher than those who do not want to practise mindfulness, and the level of responsibility is significantly lower. For the effect of mindfulness practice, the neuroticism has a significant shadow. Ringing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B848

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