本文選題：關(guān)聯(lián)學(xué)習(xí) + 刺激突顯性�。� 參考：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：有關(guān)注意選擇影響因素的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),經(jīng)典的注意二分控制理論并不能有效解釋一些選擇現(xiàn)象,例如試次間的啟動(dòng)。Awh,Belopolsky和Theeuwes(2012)提出了綜合的優(yōu)先性理論,為更好的解釋此類現(xiàn)象提供了可能性。近來有研究者提出除了物理突顯性和觀察者的當(dāng)前意圖,習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)可能也會(huì)影響視覺注意的選擇。但它是具體怎樣影響搜索過程的3階段的,以及當(dāng)它分別與刺激突顯性、認(rèn)知相關(guān)性同時(shí)呈現(xiàn)時(shí)對(duì)搜索3階段的影響又會(huì)有什么不同?目前尚不清楚。本研究借鑒前人方法,利用眼動(dòng)技術(shù)將搜索過程分為三個(gè)階段(搜索起始/掃描/目標(biāo)確認(rèn)),包括2個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)1采用了混合的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)與搜索任務(wù)范式,學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)試次與搜索任務(wù)試次混合隨機(jī)呈現(xiàn),采用2(習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn):低預(yù)測(cè)性、高預(yù)測(cè)性)×2(顏色干擾子:出現(xiàn)、不出現(xiàn))×2(刺激突顯性:出現(xiàn)、不出現(xiàn))的混合實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),探究習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)與刺激突顯性同時(shí)呈現(xiàn)時(shí)對(duì)搜索3階段的影響。行為數(shù)據(jù)顯示,突顯干擾子、顏色干擾子主效應(yīng)顯著,顏色干擾子與習(xí)得預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)交互作用顯著,說明習(xí)得預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、刺激突顯性都會(huì)影響注意選擇。眼動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)顯示,在搜索起始階段,習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、突顯干擾子、顏色干擾子主效應(yīng)顯著,說明習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)與刺激突顯性都會(huì)影響搜索起始階段;在掃描階段,突顯干擾子主效應(yīng)顯著,突顯干擾子與顏色干擾子的交互作用顯著,在目標(biāo)確認(rèn)階段,習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)刺激、突顯干擾子、顏色干擾子交互作用顯著。實(shí)驗(yàn)2采用2(習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn):低預(yù)測(cè)性、高預(yù)測(cè)性)×2(顏色干擾子:出現(xiàn)、不出現(xiàn))×2(提示線索:出現(xiàn)、不出現(xiàn))的混合實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),探究習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)與認(rèn)知相關(guān)性同時(shí)呈現(xiàn)時(shí)對(duì)搜索3階段的影響。行為數(shù)據(jù)的結(jié)果顯示,提示線索、顏色干擾子主效應(yīng)顯著,兩者交互作用顯著,說明習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)與認(rèn)知相關(guān)性都會(huì)對(duì)注意選擇產(chǎn)生影響。眼動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)顯示,在搜索起始階段,習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、提示線索、顏色干擾子主效應(yīng)顯著,并且三者的交互作用顯著;在掃描階段,習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、顏色干擾子主效應(yīng)顯著,提示線索與顏色干擾子交互作用顯著;在目標(biāo)確認(rèn)階段,習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)主效應(yīng)顯著,習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、提示線索、顏色干擾子的交互作用顯著。由此我們得出如下結(jié)論:(1)習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)會(huì)影響注意選擇:注意會(huì)優(yōu)先分配向高預(yù)測(cè)性的刺激;而習(xí)得的相似但有所不同的刺激特征,同樣也會(huì)吸引更多的注意。(2)當(dāng)它與刺激突顯性同時(shí)呈現(xiàn)時(shí),習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)在注意搜索的三個(gè)階段都影響注意分配,并且在掃描階段對(duì)注意選擇的影響比刺激突顯性更大;而刺激突顯性只在搜索的起始階段和掃描階段對(duì)注意分配有影響,但是并不影響目標(biāo)確認(rèn)階段。(3)當(dāng)它與認(rèn)知相關(guān)性同時(shí)呈現(xiàn)時(shí),習(xí)得的預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)在注意搜索的三個(gè)階段都影響注意分配,并且在掃描階段對(duì)注意選擇的影響比認(rèn)知相關(guān)性的作用更大;而認(rèn)知相關(guān)性只在搜索的掃描階段和目標(biāo)確認(rèn)階段對(duì)注意分配有影響,但是并不影響搜索的起始階段。
[Abstract]:The study of the influential factors found that the classical attention two point control theory does not effectively explain some of the selection phenomena, such as the starting.Awh, Belopolsky and Theeuwes (2012), which put forward a comprehensive priority theory to provide a better explanation for this phenomenon. The predictive experience of dominant and observer may also affect the selection of visual attention. But how does it affect the 3 stage of the search process, and what is the difference in the effect of cognitive correlation on the 3 stage when the cognitive correlation is presented at the same time? It is not yet clear. The human method, using eye movement technology, divides the search process into three stages (search start / scan / target confirmation), including 2 experiments. Experiment 1 uses a mixed learning task and search task paradigm, a mixed random presentation of a trial task and a search task, and a 2 (low predictability, high predictability) x 2 (color dry). A mixed experiment design of x 2 (irritation: emergence, no appearance), a study of the predictive experience of acquisition and the effect on the 3 phase of the search during the simultaneous presentation of stimuli. In the beginning of the search, the predictive experience of the acquisition shows that the main effect of the interferer is significant, which indicates that the acquisition prediction experience and the stimulation dominance will affect the initial stage of the search, and the main effect of the interferer is prominent in the scanning stage. The interaction between the interferer and the color interferer is significant. In the stage of target recognition, the acquisition of the predicted stimulus, the interference child, the interaction of the color interferer is significant. Experiment 2 uses 2 (acquired predictive experience: low predictability, high predictability) * 2 (color interference: appear, do not appear) * 2 (hint clue: appear, do not appear) mixed experimental design, The effect of the prediction experience and cognitive correlation on the 3 phase of the search is explored. The results of the behavioral data show that the main effect of the color interferer is significant and the interaction is significant. It shows that both the acquisition prediction experience and the cognitive correlation will affect the attention selection. The eye movement data show that the initial order of the search is in the beginning. The prediction experience of the acquisition, the hint clue, the main effect of the color interferer is significant, and the interaction of the three is significant. In the scanning stage, the acquisition prediction experience shows that the main effect of the color interferer is significant, which suggests that the interaction between the cues and the color interferer is significant; in the stage of target confirmation, the master effect of the acquisition is significant, and the acquisition prediction has been predicted. The interaction between the cues and the cues is significant. Therefore, we draw the following conclusions: (1) the acquisition of predictive experience affects attention selection: attention will prioritization to high predictive stimuli; while the acquisition of similar but different stimulus characteristics will also attract more attention. (2) when it is simultaneously presented with the stimulus dominance In the three stages of attention searching, the learning prediction experience affects attention allocation, and the influence of attention selection in the scanning phase is greater than that of the stimulus dominance; and the stimulus protrusion only affects attention distribution at the beginning and scanning stages of the search, but does not sound the target confirmation stage. (3) when it is associated with cognitive correlation, In the presentation, the acquisition prediction experience affects attention allocation in the three stages of attention searching, and the effect of the attention selection in the scanning phase is greater than the cognitive correlation; and the cognitive correlation only affects the attention allocation in the scan stage and the target confirmation stage, but does not affect the beginning of the search.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 臧傳麗;孟紅霞;白學(xué)軍;閆國(guó)利;;閱讀過程中的注視位置效應(yīng)[J];心理科學(xué);2013年04期

2 蔣波;章菁華;;1980-2009年國(guó)內(nèi)眼動(dòng)研究的文獻(xiàn)計(jì)量分析[J];心理科學(xué);2011年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：2023715