本文選題：面部表情識(shí)別 + 事件相關(guān)電位��； 參考：《四川師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：摘要：在人們的日常生活中，對(duì)于他人面部表情的識(shí)別和解讀關(guān)系到人們能否正確合理的理解他人的情感表達(dá)，在溝通和交往中起著除言語(yǔ)之外相當(dāng)重要的媒介作用。基于達(dá)爾文的生理學(xué)觀點(diǎn)，研究者們認(rèn)為情緒情感的表達(dá)在進(jìn)化中成為交流的需要，有助于人類的生存和繁衍。作為支持的理由，大量研究發(fā)現(xiàn)基本情緒甚至包括一些復(fù)雜情緒都存在著顯著的跨文化一致性。一般認(rèn)為如果面部表情能夠發(fā)送出適當(dāng)?shù)男畔ⅲ湍軌虮徽_的識(shí)別，人們?cè)跊]有受到訓(xùn)練的條件下依然可以對(duì)基本情緒進(jìn)行快速準(zhǔn)確的反應(yīng)。甚至進(jìn)一步來說，人們應(yīng)該普遍有能力在受干擾的情形下完成面部表情的識(shí)別�；诖耍恍┭芯空J(rèn)為情緒識(shí)別可能是一個(gè)自動(dòng)化的過程。 本研究采用事件相關(guān)電位（event-related potentials，簡(jiǎn)稱ERP）技術(shù)，探討有時(shí)間限制、無時(shí)間限制以及不同干擾水平條件下的面部表情識(shí)別的腦加工機(jī)制。研究采用等概率實(shí)驗(yàn)范式，隨機(jī)呈現(xiàn)分為積極和消極兩組的面部表情圖片（快樂、驚奇與悲傷、恐懼），要求被試觀看圖片并完成面部表情識(shí)別任務(wù)。在有時(shí)間限制和無時(shí)間限制的任務(wù)條件下，分別要求被試盡可能快速的和盡可能準(zhǔn)確的完成面部表情識(shí)別任務(wù)。分析被試完成任務(wù)的反應(yīng)時(shí)、正確率以及面部表情圖片的ERP成分。結(jié)果顯示，時(shí)間限制條件下被試反應(yīng)的正確率小于無時(shí)間限制條件，對(duì)于積極情緒面部表情的反應(yīng)時(shí)小于消極情緒。觀察ERP總平均波形圖發(fā)現(xiàn)面部表情圖片誘發(fā)了明顯的P1、P2、N170成分,比較不同類型面部表情和不同任務(wù)條件下誘發(fā)腦電成分的波幅和潛伏期，分析討論這些腦電成分是否存在表情效應(yīng)。結(jié)果證實(shí)了“負(fù)性偏向認(rèn)知理論模型”的相關(guān)理論。 干擾條件下的實(shí)驗(yàn)分為難度水平不同的兩組任務(wù)，，采用經(jīng)典stroop范式，低難度水平組任務(wù)采用字義與字體顏色一致的目標(biāo)字作為分散認(rèn)知資源的認(rèn)知負(fù)荷條件；高難度水平組任務(wù)采用字義與字體顏色不一致的目標(biāo)字作為認(rèn)知負(fù)荷條件，要求被試在對(duì)面部表情圖片完成識(shí)別后利用回憶對(duì)目標(biāo)字的字體顏色做出反應(yīng)。分析被試完成任務(wù)的反應(yīng)時(shí)、正確率以及面部表情的ERP成分。結(jié)果表明，消極情緒識(shí)別的反應(yīng)時(shí)要高于積極情緒的識(shí)別；積極情緒和消極情緒面部表情的識(shí)別和加工對(duì)于認(rèn)知資源的占用程度是不同的。
[Abstract]:Absrtact: in people's daily life, the recognition and interpretation of other people's facial expressions is related to the correct and reasonable understanding of other people's emotional expression, and plays an important role in communication and communication besides words. Based on Darwin's physiological point of view, the researchers believe that the expression of emotion and emotion becomes the need of communication in evolution, which is helpful to the survival and reproduction of human beings. For supporting reasons, a large number of studies have found that basic emotions, even some complex emotions, have significant cross-cultural consistency. It is generally believed that if facial expressions can send appropriate information, they can be correctly recognized, and people can react quickly and accurately to basic emotions without being trained. Even more, there should be a general ability to recognize facial expressions without interference. Based on this, some studies suggest that emotion recognition may be an automated process. In this study, event-related potentials (ERPs) were used to explore the brain processing mechanism of facial expression recognition with time limitation, no time limitation and different interference levels. Using the equal probability experimental paradigm, the subjects were randomly presented with positive and negative facial expression images (happiness, surprise and sadness, fear). The subjects were asked to look at the pictures and complete the task of facial expression recognition. Under the conditions of time-limited and non-time-limited tasks, participants were asked to complete facial expression recognition tasks as quickly as possible and as accurately as possible. The correct rate and the ERP component of the facial expression picture were analyzed when the subjects completed the task. The results showed that the correct rate of reaction was lower than that without time limit, and the reaction time of positive emotion was smaller than that of negative emotion under the condition of time limit. By observing the total average waveform of ERP, we found that the facial expression images induced obvious P1P P2N170 components, and compared the amplitude and latency of EEG components induced by different facial expressions and different tasks. The expression effect of these EEG components was analyzed and discussed. The results confirm the theory of negative bias cognitive model. The experiment was divided into two groups of tasks with different difficulty levels. The classical stroop paradigm was used in the experiment, and the target words with the same meaning and the font color were used as cognitive load conditions in the low difficulty level group. The target words with different meanings and font color were used as cognitive load conditions in the high difficulty group. The subjects were asked to respond to the font color of the target words by recall after the recognition of the facial expression images. The correct rate and the ERP component of facial expression were analyzed when the subjects completed the task. The results showed that the reaction time of negative emotion recognition was higher than that of positive emotion recognition, and the recognition and processing of positive emotion and negative emotion facial expression had different occupation of cognitive resources.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842

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