本文選題：特質(zhì)正念 + 正念訓練　； 參考：《首都師范大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：已有很多研究從不同的角度出發(fā),探究正念作為一種個體特質(zhì)或能力、一種狀態(tài)或心理過程、以及一種干預(yù)方法的相關(guān)因素和影響作用,并發(fā)現(xiàn)正念與較少的心理壓力和情緒困擾、較高的幸福感和積極情緒有關(guān)�，F(xiàn)在,研究者們開始關(guān)注正念如何產(chǎn)生上述作用,提出正念對情緒反應(yīng)的影響可能是正念改善情緒的一個潛在原因。本研究旨在探索個體特質(zhì)正念水平與情緒反應(yīng)傾向之間的關(guān)系,以及正念干預(yù)對個體情緒反應(yīng)傾向的影響效果。研究以普通人群為被試,以情緒圖片為誘發(fā)情緒刺激,以非掩蔽和掩蔽兩種條件呈現(xiàn),采用自我報告的方法測量被試對明顯刺激和無意識刺激的情緒反應(yīng)。研究分為兩部分： 研究一探索特質(zhì)正念水平與情緒反應(yīng)傾向的關(guān)系。共有有效被試104人,其中男性39人,女性65人,年齡20-50歲。單獨施測,被試填寫五因素正念度量表(FFMQ)并使用電腦完成情緒評定任務(wù)。對量表得分和情緒評定任務(wù)得分進行相關(guān)分析,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)在非掩蔽與掩蔽兩種條件下,被試對積極、中性、消極三種刺激的情緒反應(yīng)效價均與FFMQ得分顯著正相關(guān),且在無意識(掩蔽)條件下相關(guān)更高；情緒反應(yīng)喚醒度則與FFMQ總分無相關(guān)。情緒反應(yīng)與FFMQ各分維度的相關(guān)關(guān)系被進一步分析和討論。 研究二探索八周正念訓練對情緒反應(yīng)傾向的影響效果。采用隨機對照試驗,被試被隨機分為正念訓練組與等待對照組,正念訓練組被試接受連續(xù)八周的正念訓練,在訓練前后一周內(nèi)在實驗室內(nèi)填寫FFMQ問卷與完成情緒評定任務(wù)。共獲有效數(shù)據(jù)43份,其中正念訓練組25人,等待對照組18人。對前后測數(shù)據(jù)進行協(xié)方差分析發(fā)現(xiàn),與對照組相比,正念訓練組在干預(yù)后FFMQ總分有顯著提升(F=7.15,p0.05)；對自身情緒反應(yīng)的效價評定均無變化,但對非掩蔽消極圖片的情緒反應(yīng)強度有下降趨勢(F=2.85,p0.10),對掩蔽消極圖片的情緒反應(yīng)強度則顯著下降(F=4.35,p0.05)。 綜上所述,本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),自我報告的特質(zhì)正念水平主要與情緒反應(yīng)的效價維度有關(guān),表現(xiàn)為特質(zhì)正念水平越高的個體情緒反應(yīng)效價越積極；而正念訓練主要改變了消極情緒反應(yīng)的喚醒度,使其強度降低。且上述關(guān)系和效果均對內(nèi)隱情緒反應(yīng)更加明顯。
[Abstract]:Many studies have explored the related factors and effects of mindfulness as an individual trait or ability, a state or psychological process, and a method of intervention from different perspectives. It was also found that mindfulness was associated with less stress and emotional distress, higher happiness and positive emotions. Now researchers are focusing on how mindfulness works, suggesting that mindfulness's effect on emotional responses may be a potential cause of mindfulness's improvement. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the level of individual trait mindfulness and emotional reaction tendency and the effect of mindfulness intervention on individual emotional reaction tendency. In this study, the general population was taken as the subjects, the emotion pictures were used as the elicited emotional stimuli, and the two conditions of non-masking and masking were presented. The self-report method was used to measure the emotional responses of the subjects to obvious stimuli and unconscious stimuli. The study is divided into two parts: Study one explores the relationship between trait mindfulness and emotional response. There were 104 valid subjects, including 39 males and 65 females aged 20-50 years. The subjects completed the five-factor mindfulness scale FFMQ alone and used a computer to complete the emotion assessment task. The correlation analysis of scale score and emotional assessment task score showed that the positive, neutral and negative emotional response titers were significantly positively correlated with the FFMQ scores under the conditions of non-masking and masking. The correlation was higher in unconscious (masking) condition, but no correlation was found between emotional arousal degree and total score of FFMQ. The correlation between emotional responses and FFMQ dimensions was further analyzed and discussed. The second study was to explore the effect of eight-week mindfulness training on emotional reaction tendency. The subjects were randomly divided into the mindfulness training group and the waiting control group. The subjects in the mindfulness training group received continuous mindfulness training for eight weeks and completed the FFMQ questionnaire and mood assessment task in the laboratory within one week before and after training. A total of 43 valid data were obtained, including 25 in mindfulness training group and 18 in control group. The covariance analysis of pre-and post-test data showed that compared with the control group, the total score of FFMQ in the mindfulness training group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the titer of the self-emotional response was not changed in the mindfulness training group. However, the intensity of emotional response to non-masking negative images showed a downward trend, and the intensity of emotional responses to masking negative images decreased significantly, while the intensity of emotional responses to masking negative images decreased significantly. To sum up, this study found that the self-reported level of trait mindfulness is mainly related to the dimension of emotional response titer, and the higher the level of trait mindfulness is, the more positive the individual emotional response titer is. Mindfulness training mainly changed the awakening degree of negative emotional response and reduced its intensity. The above relation and effect are more obvious to implicit emotion.
【學位授予單位】：首都師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.6

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本文編號：1938627