本文選題：社會認知基本維度 + 能動性��； 參考：《西南大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：社會認知基本維度包含能動性(agency)與社群性(communion)兩個方面。能動性是個體為了追求權力、掌控感以及肯定自我獨特性所付出的努力,是與展現(xiàn)個人能力或追求個人成就相關的特質,比如能干的、勤奮的等積極特質以及無能的、懶散的等消極特質。而社群性則是個體尋求同他人合作、群體間的親密團結所付出的努力,是與道德判斷和人際交往相關的特性,比如合群的、友善的等積極特性以及刻薄的、孤僻的等消極特性。已有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)能動性評價對特質自尊的預測作用,但是這些研究都是基于自我知覺視角(intrapersonal perspective)的自我評價。在自我知覺視角下,自尊強調的是個人的能力,重視個人的能動性。然而自尊不僅來源于自我知覺視角下的自我評價,元知覺視角下他人的接納或拒絕也是自尊塑造和發(fā)展的另一個重要來源。此外,自尊被看作是由認知(信念)和情感(情緒)組成的復雜概念。自尊的認知模型指出自尊反映的是個人在總體上對自我的評價,屬于認知加工;但是情感模型認為,自尊反映的是個人整體上對自我的喜歡接納程度,屬于情感加工,尤其是社會計量器理論(sociometer theory),它認為自尊反映的是瞬時的情緒狀態(tài),特別是由他人對自我的接納程度所引發(fā)的情緒。由此看來,從元知覺視角(interpersonal perspective)考慮個體自尊水平的時候,不僅要考慮個體在總體上對自我的評價,即自尊的認知模型,也要考慮自尊的情感模型�；诖�,本研究試圖探討自我知覺視角和元知覺視角下社會認知基本維度對自尊的預測作用,以及從元知覺視角研究社會認知基本維度與自尊的關系時,考慮到在自尊的認知模型和情感模型下社會認知基本維度的評價對自尊的預測作用。研究一是基于自尊的認知模型,采用被試內設計,36名被試同時完成自我知覺視角和元知覺視角下的能動性和社群性的認知評價任務,結果發(fā)現(xiàn)在自我知覺視角下能動性和社群性均與自尊呈正相關,而在元知覺視角下僅有能動性與自尊顯著相關。在進一步考察兩種視角下能動性和社群性對自尊的預測中,僅有自我知覺視角下的能動性能夠預測個體的自尊,而元知覺視角下能動性評價對自尊的預測作用被自我知覺視角下的能動性評價所中介,從而驗證了自尊是由能動性相關的特質而非社群性相關的特質主導的。研究二依然是基于自尊的認知模型,但是為了避免被試同時接受兩種視角所產(chǎn)生的中介效應,采用組間設計,也就是受試者只接受其中一種視角的處理。120名被試完成自我知覺視角評價的任務,另120名被試完成元知覺視角評價的任務。在考察社會認知基本維度與自尊的關系中發(fā)現(xiàn),兩種視角下能動性和社群性的評分均與自尊呈正相關。進一步考察兩種視角下能動性和社群性對自尊的預測作用,結果發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅自我知覺視角下的能動性能夠預測個體的自尊,元知覺視角下的能動性也能夠預測個體的自尊。研究三基于自尊的情感模型,受試者只接受元知覺視角的處理,30名被試報告其在元知覺視角下的自我情緒狀態(tài),結果發(fā)現(xiàn)在看到能動性反饋后被試的情緒狀態(tài)能預測自尊,而在看到社群性反饋后被試的情緒狀態(tài)對自尊沒有預測作用。本研究表明,兩種視角下的能動性與自尊具有密切關系,能動性評價能夠對個人的特質自尊具有預測作用,即存在能動性主導效應,而這種主導作用不受視角和自尊認知-情感模型的影響。
[Abstract]:The basic dimensions of social cognition include two aspects of agency and communion. The initiative is the effort of the individual to pursue power, control, and affirmative self uniqueness. It is a trait related to the ability to display individual abilities or to pursue personal achievements, such as active and diligent qualities, as well as incompetence, and laziness. And community sex is the effort that individual seeks to cooperate with others, the close solidarity between groups, and the characteristics related to moral judgments and interpersonal relationships, such as groups, friendliness and other positive characteristics, as well as the negative and eccentric characteristics. Use, but these studies are based on self perception of self perception (intrapersonal perspective). In the perspective of self perception, self-esteem emphasizes individual ability and individual initiative. However, self esteem is not only derived from self evaluation from the perspective of self perception, but the acceptance or refusal of others is also self-respect from the Perspective of meta perception. Another important source of shaping and development. In addition, self-esteem is seen as a complex concept of cognition (belief) and emotion (emotion). The cognitive model of self-esteem indicates that self esteem reflects the individual's evaluation of the self in general, which belongs to cognitive processing; but the emotional model believes that self esteem reflects the individual's preference for the self. The degree of acceptance, belonging to the emotional processing, especially the social economer theory (Sociometer theory), believes that self-esteem reflects the instantaneous state of emotion, especially the emotion caused by the acceptance of others to the self. Thus, it seems to be considered not only to consider the level of self esteem from the interpersonal Perspective, but also from the perspective of the meta perception (interpersonal). Based on this, this study tries to explore the predictive function of the basic dimensions of social cognition from the perspective of self perception and meta perception, as well as the relationship between the basic dimensions of social cognition and the relationship between the basic dimensions of social cognition and self-esteem from the perspective of meta perception. On the basis of the cognitive model of self-esteem and the basic dimensions of social cognition, the evaluation of the basic dimensions of social cognition is the predictor of self-esteem. One is based on the cognitive model of self-esteem, and the 36 subjects complete the cognitive evaluation task of initiative and communality in the perspective of self perception and meta perception at the same time, and the results are found in self knowledge. Under the visual angle, both activity and community are positively correlated with self-esteem, but only activity and self-esteem are significantly related to the perspective of meta perception. In the further study of the two perspectives, the activity and community nature can predict the self-esteem of the body only in the perspective of self perception, and the activity evaluation in the perspective of meta perception. The predictive role of self-esteem is mediated by the activity evaluation of self perception, which verifies that self-esteem is dominated by the characteristics related to activity rather than social related traits. Study two is still based on the cognitive model of self-esteem, but in order to avoid the mediator effect produced by the two perspectives at the same time, it is used between groups. The design, in which the subjects only accepted one view of the.120 name, completed the task of self perception evaluation, and the other 120 subjects completed the task of meta perception evaluation. In the study of the relationship between the basic dimensions of social cognition and the self-esteem, the scores of the two perspectives were positively related to the self-esteem. Further examine the predictive effect of activity and community on the self-esteem of two perspectives. The results show that not only the initiative in the perspective of self perception can predict the individual's self-esteem, but the activity in the perspective of meta perception can also predict the individual's self-esteem. Three the subjects based on the self-esteem based affective model only accept the treatment of the perspective of meta perception, 30 The participants reported the state of self emotion under the perspective of meta perception. The results showed that the emotional state of the subjects after seeing dynamic feedback could predict self-esteem, while the emotional state of the subjects after seeing the community sex feedback had no predictive effect on self-esteem. The study showed that the activity of the two perspectives was closely related to the self-esteem, and the activity was evaluated. Price can predict the individual's trait self-esteem, that is, the existence of active dominant effect, which is not influenced by the perspective and self-esteem cognition - the emotional model.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842.2

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