本文選題：情境 + 一致性�。� 參考：《山東師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：物體分類可以發(fā)生在不同的抽象水平。有研究表明,視覺系統對基本類別水平的信息(比如狗)的加工速度比下級類別水平(如獅子狗)和上級類別水平信息(比如動物)的速度更快。然而也有一些研究發(fā)現,上級類別水平的信息加工速度比基本水平更快。這些研究都采用了真實場景的圖片進行研究,在兼顧了生態(tài)效度的同時都引入了額外的情境變量。在本研究中我們將探討物體與場景的關系對物體類別判斷產生的影響。本實驗采用迫選眼跳范式,這個范式中目標項和干擾項在每個試次同時出現,被試必須盡快掃視圖片,并基于不同的分類任務注視到包含目標的圖片上。本研究通過四個實驗來考察物體類別判斷的優(yōu)勢水平,并探討情境在物體分類中的作用。實驗一發(fā)現,在控制情境因素之后,仍然存在上級水平優(yōu)勢。實驗二、三、四中,我們操縱情境因素來研究物體類別判斷。實驗二研究語義一致性對物體類別判斷的影響,發(fā)現在基本水平與場景語義不一致的物體正確率更高。實驗三發(fā)現句法一致性對物體類別判斷任務沒有影響。實驗四研究了刺激屬性(人工、自然)一致性在物體類別判斷中的作用,發(fā)現了有趣的結果:在上級水平,刺激屬性一致性能促進被試對物體的分類任務,但是在基本水平,刺激屬性一致性會干擾物體的分類加工。研究結果支持上級水平優(yōu)勢,語義一致性和刺激屬性一致性會影響物體類別判斷任務。這些發(fā)現將有助于我們理解視覺物體識別的知覺過程。
[Abstract]:Object classification can occur at different levels of abstraction. Studies have shown that the visual system processes information at the basic category level (such as dogs) faster than sub-category levels (such as poodles) and superior category information (such as animals). However, some studies have found that the higher level of information processing faster than the basic level. These studies used real-scene images to study, and introduced additional situational variables as well as ecological validity. In this study, we will explore the effect of the relationship between object and scene on the classification of objects. In this study, we used the forced eye jump paradigm, in which the target items and distractions appeared simultaneously in each test. The subjects must scan the images as soon as possible, and focus on the images containing the targets based on different classification tasks. In this study, four experiments were conducted to investigate the dominant level of object classification and the role of situation in object classification. Experiment 1 found that after controlling for situational factors, there were still superior level advantages. In experiments 2, 3, 4, we manipulate situational factors to study object classification. Experiment 2 studies the effect of semantic consistency on object category judgment and finds that the object accuracy is higher when the basic level is not consistent with the scene semantics. Experiment 3 found that syntactic consistency had no effect on object classification. Experiment 4 studies the role of stimulus attributes (artificial, natural) consistency in the classification of objects, and finds interesting results: at the superior level, stimulus attribute consistency can promote the task of classifying objects, but at the basic level, The consistency of stimulus attributes interferes with the classification and processing of objects. The results support superior level advantage, semantic consistency and stimulus attribute consistency will affect object category judgment task. These findings will help us to understand the perceptual process of visual object recognition.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842
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本文編號：1933538