本文選題：情境 + 一致性　； 參考：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：物體分類可以發(fā)生在不同的抽象水平。有研究表明,視覺(jué)系統(tǒng)對(duì)基本類別水平的信息(比如狗)的加工速度比下級(jí)類別水平(如獅子狗)和上級(jí)類別水平信息(比如動(dòng)物)的速度更快。然而也有一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn),上級(jí)類別水平的信息加工速度比基本水平更快。這些研究都采用了真實(shí)場(chǎng)景的圖片進(jìn)行研究,在兼顧了生態(tài)效度的同時(shí)都引入了額外的情境變量。在本研究中我們將探討物體與場(chǎng)景的關(guān)系對(duì)物體類別判斷產(chǎn)生的影響。本實(shí)驗(yàn)采用迫選眼跳范式,這個(gè)范式中目標(biāo)項(xiàng)和干擾項(xiàng)在每個(gè)試次同時(shí)出現(xiàn),被試必須盡快掃視圖片,并基于不同的分類任務(wù)注視到包含目標(biāo)的圖片上。本研究通過(guò)四個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)考察物體類別判斷的優(yōu)勢(shì)水平,并探討情境在物體分類中的作用。實(shí)驗(yàn)一發(fā)現(xiàn),在控制情境因素之后,仍然存在上級(jí)水平優(yōu)勢(shì)。實(shí)驗(yàn)二、三、四中,我們操縱情境因素來(lái)研究物體類別判斷。實(shí)驗(yàn)二研究語(yǔ)義一致性對(duì)物體類別判斷的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)在基本水平與場(chǎng)景語(yǔ)義不一致的物體正確率更高。實(shí)驗(yàn)三發(fā)現(xiàn)句法一致性對(duì)物體類別判斷任務(wù)沒(méi)有影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)四研究了刺激屬性(人工、自然)一致性在物體類別判斷中的作用,發(fā)現(xiàn)了有趣的結(jié)果:在上級(jí)水平,刺激屬性一致性能促進(jìn)被試對(duì)物體的分類任務(wù),但是在基本水平,刺激屬性一致性會(huì)干擾物體的分類加工。研究結(jié)果支持上級(jí)水平優(yōu)勢(shì),語(yǔ)義一致性和刺激屬性一致性會(huì)影響物體類別判斷任務(wù)。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)將有助于我們理解視覺(jué)物體識(shí)別的知覺(jué)過(guò)程。
[Abstract]:Object classification can occur at different levels of abstraction. Studies have shown that the visual system processes information at the basic category level (such as dogs) faster than sub-category levels (such as poodles) and superior category information (such as animals). However, some studies have found that the higher level of information processing faster than the basic level. These studies used real-scene images to study, and introduced additional situational variables as well as ecological validity. In this study, we will explore the effect of the relationship between object and scene on the classification of objects. In this study, we used the forced eye jump paradigm, in which the target items and distractions appeared simultaneously in each test. The subjects must scan the images as soon as possible, and focus on the images containing the targets based on different classification tasks. In this study, four experiments were conducted to investigate the dominant level of object classification and the role of situation in object classification. Experiment 1 found that after controlling for situational factors, there were still superior level advantages. In experiments 2, 3, 4, we manipulate situational factors to study object classification. Experiment 2 studies the effect of semantic consistency on object category judgment and finds that the object accuracy is higher when the basic level is not consistent with the scene semantics. Experiment 3 found that syntactic consistency had no effect on object classification. Experiment 4 studies the role of stimulus attributes (artificial, natural) consistency in the classification of objects, and finds interesting results: at the superior level, stimulus attribute consistency can promote the task of classifying objects, but at the basic level, The consistency of stimulus attributes interferes with the classification and processing of objects. The results support superior level advantage, semantic consistency and stimulus attribute consistency will affect object category judgment task. These findings will help us to understand the perceptual process of visual object recognition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842
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本文編號(hào)：1933538