本文選題：特質(zhì)焦慮 + 來源記憶�。� 參考：《首都師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文通過兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn),運(yùn)用ERP技術(shù)和來源記憶的多鍵范式,來探索焦慮人群對(duì)于負(fù)性刺激的注意偏向和記憶偏向。 實(shí)驗(yàn)1,我們探索對(duì)于高特質(zhì)焦慮人群的記憶偏向更傾向于發(fā)生在內(nèi)隱記憶(熟悉性)還是外顯記憶(回想)。當(dāng)前的研究用ERP技術(shù)和來源記憶的多鍵范式,探索16名高特質(zhì)焦慮被試(mean trait anxiety score59.06±3.88)在不同的情緒效價(jià)背景上的行為與腦機(jī)制。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),在檢索階段,在刺激呈現(xiàn)之后的300-500ms后,不管來源檢索是否成功,學(xué)過的項(xiàng)目比未學(xué)過的項(xiàng)目要更正。刺激呈現(xiàn)后500-700ms內(nèi),在所有的背景中都存在成功的來源檢索所指示的新舊效應(yīng)；對(duì)于不成功的來源檢索,在快樂和中性背景中,沒有顯著的新舊效應(yīng),然而在恐懼背景中發(fā)現(xiàn)了顯著的新舊效應(yīng)。在700-1200ms內(nèi),在快樂和中性背景條件下,對(duì)于成功的來源檢索,存在顯著的新舊效應(yīng)。然而,在恐懼背景條件下,新舊效應(yīng)發(fā)生了反轉(zhuǎn),負(fù)性背景下成功的來源檢索的波形波幅要比正確拒絕的波形波幅更負(fù)。更進(jìn)一步的,在這個(gè)時(shí)間段,存在來源正確條件下的情緒效應(yīng),進(jìn)一步的分析表明,恐懼來源正確的波幅要比中性來源正確的波幅更負(fù)。結(jié)果表明,在高焦慮個(gè)體中,早期對(duì)恐懼刺激的內(nèi)隱來源檢索(來源的熟悉性)增強(qiáng)了,但是對(duì)恐懼刺激外顯的來源檢索(來源的回想)被減弱了。 在實(shí)驗(yàn)2中,我們主要探索高低焦慮人群在來源記憶編碼階段和提取階段的負(fù)性偏向,以及情緒和呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間的影響。通過高、低焦慮被試各15名,共30名被試,我們探索在不同的情緒效價(jià)背景上的行為與腦機(jī)制。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),在編碼階段,恐懼背景下來源正確條件下的DM效應(yīng),比中性背景下的時(shí)程更長(zhǎng),同時(shí)在300～1600ms,恐懼背景下來源正確的波形波幅要比中性背景下的更正。在刺激呈現(xiàn)后300-700ms,或者在來源正確條件下,呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間短的波形波幅要比呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的更正。在提取階段,來源正確條件下的新舊效應(yīng),恐懼背景下比中性背景下的時(shí)程更長(zhǎng),并表現(xiàn)在300-700ms的情緒效應(yīng),恐懼背景下來源正確的波形波幅要比中性背景下的更正。在來源正確條件下,在300-1600ms,還發(fā)現(xiàn)呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間和焦慮的交互作用；進(jìn)一步比較發(fā)現(xiàn),對(duì)于高焦慮被試,在頂區(qū)和中央頂區(qū)都發(fā)現(xiàn),呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間短的波形波幅要比呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的更正�？傮w說,實(shí)驗(yàn)2發(fā)現(xiàn)了人群在來源記憶中編碼階段的DM效應(yīng)和和提取階段的新舊效應(yīng),并發(fā)現(xiàn)了其中存在的情緒效應(yīng)、呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間效應(yīng)以及特質(zhì)焦慮和呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間的交互作用。 實(shí)驗(yàn)1,高焦慮個(gè)體對(duì)恐懼來源的回想小于中性背景,而實(shí)驗(yàn)2中,高低焦慮個(gè)體對(duì)恐懼來源的回想要大于中性背景；說明實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果受被試的焦慮水平、任務(wù)難度以及實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)置的共同影響。
[Abstract]:In this study, two experiments were conducted to explore the attentional bias and memory bias of negative stimuli in ERP.
In Experiment 1, we explored the memory bias of people with high trait anxiety more prone to implicit memory (familiarity) or explicit memory (recall). The current study uses the multi key paradigm of ERP technology and source memory to explore the role of 16 high trait anxiety subjects (mean trait anxiety score59.06 + 3.88) in different emotional titers For the brain mechanism, it was found that in the retrieval phase, after the 300-500ms after the stimulus was presented, no matter whether the source retrieval was successful or not, the project had been better than the unlearned item. In the 500-700ms, the new and old effects of the successful source retrieval were found in all the backgrounds; There is no significant new and old effects in the happy and neutral background, but a significant new and old effect has been found in the background of fear. In 700-1200ms, there is a significant new and old effect on the retrieval of successful sources under the condition of happy and neutral background. However, under the background of fear, the new and old effects have reversed, and the negative background is successful. The wave amplitude of the source retrieval is more negative than that of the correct rejection wave amplitude. Further, at this time, there is an emotional effect under the correct source, and further analysis shows that the correct amplitude of the source of fear is more negative than the correct amplitude of the neutral source. Implicit source retrieval (source familiarity) increased, but the explicit retrieval of sources of fear (source recollection) was weakened.
In Experiment 2, we explored the negative bias of the high and low anxiety population at the source memory coding stage and the extraction stage, and the influence of emotion and presentation time. Through 15 subjects of high and low anxiety subjects and 30 subjects, we explored the action and brain mechanism on the background of different emotional titers. The DM effect under the correct source condition is longer than that under the neutral background. At the same time, at 300 to 1600ms, the correct wave amplitude of the source is more correct than that under the neutral background. The amplitude of the wave amplitude is longer than the time when the stimulus is present, or under the correct source, and the time is shorter than the present. The new and old effects under the correct source condition, the time history of the fear background is longer than the neutral background, and the emotional effect of 300-700ms, the correct wave amplitude in the fear background is better than the neutral background. Under the correct source condition, the interaction between the time and the anxiety is also found in the 300-1600ms. Further, the interaction between the present time and the anxiety is also found. It was found that, for the high anxiety subjects, both the top and the central areas found that the wave amplitude of the short time was longer than that of the time. In general, experiment 2 found the DM effect and the new and old effect of the encoding stage of the population in the source memory. And the interaction between trait anxiety and the presentation of time.
In Experiment 1, the response of high anxiety individuals to the source of fear was less than the neutral background, while in Experiment 2, the response of the high and low anxiety individuals to the source of fear was greater than the neutral background; the experimental results were influenced by the anxiety level, the task difficulty and the experimental setting.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 Ken A PALLER;Joel L VOSS;;Orientation to learning context modulates retrieval processing for unrecognized words[J];Chinese Science Bulletin;2010年26期

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本文編號(hào)：1922728