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  本文選題：海洛因成癮 + 美沙酮維持治療�。� 參考：《西北師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：毒品成癮嚴重危害社會，它不僅會危害社會治安，更會對成癮者的身心造成嚴重的損傷。長期吸食毒品會導(dǎo)致成癮者各器官功能衰竭，還會使其注意、記憶、思維等認知功能減退，認知功能的一個重要方面就是注意。目前，國內(nèi)外對毒品成癮者注意功能的研究主要集中在注意選擇，尤其是注意偏向的研究上。注意分配也是注意功能的一個重要方面，對毒品成癮者而言，注意分配能力也是非常重要的，如果成癮者存在注意分配障礙，那么他們在生活中會很難將注意從與毒品相關(guān)的事物分配到其它事物上，難以有效地完成日常生活事務(wù)，更有可能導(dǎo)致毒癮難除，，甚至復(fù)吸。海洛因是我國的吸毒者吸食的主要毒品類型，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，長期吸食海洛因會造成大腦額葉嚴重損傷，而額葉是控制注意分配的主要腦區(qū)，大量以腦損傷患者為研究對象的注意分配研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些個體均存在注意分配功能障礙。那么，同樣存在腦損傷的海洛因成癮者，其注意分配功能是否也存在損傷？在毒品相關(guān)線索的影響下，海洛因成癮者的注意分配功能又會表現(xiàn)出怎樣的變化？海洛因成癮者的藥物渴求是否會影響其注意分配功能？美沙酮維持治療是否能改善海洛因成癮者的注意分配功能？這些問題都是本研究需要探討的。 本研究包括兩個實驗：實驗一首先對海洛因成癮者的藥物渴求進行了測查，然后采用雙任務(wù)范式考察海洛因強制戒毒者和美沙酮維持治療者的注意分配功能；實驗二采用雙任務(wù)范式考察毒品相關(guān)線索對海洛因強制戒毒者和美沙酮維持治療者注意分配功能的影響。研究得出以下結(jié)論： (1)強制戒毒者和美沙酮維持治療海洛因成癮者的注意分配功能均受到了損傷；美沙酮維持治療者的注意分配功能并未因為服用美沙酮而得到改善； (2)毒品相關(guān)線索會導(dǎo)致強制戒毒者的注意分配功能進一步降低；且在毒品相關(guān)線索下，強制戒毒者的海洛因渴求度與其注意分配功能呈負相關(guān)，渴求度越高注意分配功能越差； (3)負性情緒線索影響強制戒毒者的注意分配功能，而不影響美沙酮維持治療者和正常人的注意分配功能。
[Abstract]:Drug addiction seriously harms the society, which not only endangers public order, but also causes serious damage to the body and mind of addicts. Long-term drug use will lead to organ failure, attention, memory, thinking and other cognitive dysfunction, an important aspect of cognitive function is attention. At present, the research on attention function of drug addicts at home and abroad mainly focuses on attention choice, especially attention bias. Attention distribution is also an important aspect of attention function. For drug addicts, the ability to pay attention is also very important. Then they will find it difficult to distribute attention from drug-related things to other things in their life, and it will be difficult to accomplish their daily life affairs effectively, which may lead to the difficulty of drug addiction and even relapse. Heroin is the main type of drugs used by drug addicts in China. The study found that long-term heroin use can cause serious damage to the frontal lobe of the brain, and the frontal lobe is the main brain area for controlling the distribution of attention. A large number of attention-allocation studies on patients with brain injury found that these individuals had attention allocation dysfunction. So, do heroin addicts, who also have brain damage, also have impairment in their attention distribution function? Under the influence of drug-related clues, how does the attention distribution function of heroin addicts change? Do heroin addicts' drug cravings affect their attention distribution function? Does methadone maintenance improve attention distribution in heroin addicts? These problems need to be explored in this study. This study includes two experiments: first, the drug craving of heroin addicts was tested, and then the attention allocation function of heroin addicts and methadone maintenance therapy was investigated by using the two-task paradigm; In experiment 2, the effects of drug-related cues on the attentional distribution function of heroin addicts and methadone maintainers were investigated by using dual task paradigm. The study draws the following conclusions: (1) the attention distribution function of heroin addicts and methadone maintenance therapy was impaired, and the attention distribution function of methadone maintenance therapy was not improved by taking methadone. 2) Drug-related clues will lead to further decrease of attention distribution function of drug addicts, and under drug-related clues, heroin craving degree of compulsive drug addicts is negatively related to their attention distribution function, and the higher the craving degree is, the worse the attention distribution function is. (3) negative emotional cues affected the attention allocation function of compulsive drug addicts, but did not affect the attention allocation function of methadone maintenance therapy and normal persons.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.3

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本文編號：1887053