本文選題：文化圖式 + 傣族　； 參考：《云南師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：文化圖式是人腦已獲得的文化背景知識,它來源于特定文化環(huán)境中的已有的知識結構,是人類大腦中對于文化的知識組織模式。文化圖式以不同的形式存在,包括人類的思維方式、價值觀、宗教信仰、民俗、生活方式以及社會制度等。文化圖式會影響人們對不同文化現(xiàn)象的認知。研究表明,文化圖式對詞匯的認知有影響。傣族和彝族是我國分別具有水文化和火文化的兩個少數(shù)民族。本研究探討了這兩個民族所分別具有的獨特圖式——“水”、“火”文化圖式對相應的水、火詞匯效價的一般認知與具身認知的影響。本研究包含三個研究。研究一選取傣族大學生100名和彝族大學生100名,采用詞匯聯(lián)想測驗,目的在于收集研究二和研究三所需使用的聯(lián)想詞。最終得到水文化聯(lián)想詞30個,火文化聯(lián)想詞30個。研究二包括兩個子研究。子研究1為無文化啟動實驗,選取未參加過研究一的傣族大學生34名,選取未參加過研究一的彝族大學生34名。實驗采用2(民族:傣族/彝族)*2(文化:水/火)*2(詞語效價:正性/負性)三因素混合實驗設計。目的在于探究文化圖式對傣、彝兩族大學生詞語效價外顯認知的影響。子研究2為文化啟動實驗,選取未參加過無文化啟動實驗的傣族被試34名,彝族被試34名。實驗采用2(民族:傣族/彝族)*2(文化:水/火)*2(詞語效價:正性/負性)三因素混合設計。目的在于探究文化圖式對傣、彝兩族大學生詞語效價內隱認知的影響。無文化啟動實驗結果表明,彝族被試對火正性詞的反應時顯著短于傣族被試的反應時。文化啟動實驗結果表明,傣族被試對水正性詞的反應時顯著短于水負性詞的反應時;傣族被試對水正性詞的反應時顯著快于火正性詞的反應時;彝族被試對火正性詞的反應時顯著短于傣族被試的反應時。研究三為具身表征實驗,選取未參加過研究一與研究二的傣族被試62名,彝族被試66名。實驗采用2(民族:傣族/彝族)*2(文化:水/火)*2(詞語效價:正性/負性)*2(按鍵與身體之間的距離:遠/近)四因素混合設計。目的在于探討文化圖式對傣、彝兩族大學生詞語效價具身認知的影響。結果表明,在近處按鍵時,彝族被試對水正性詞反應時顯著短于水負性詞反應時;對水負性詞反應時顯著長于火負性詞反應時。本研究得到如下結論:(1)水文化圖式影響傣族大學生對詞語效價的內隱認知。(2)火文化圖式影響彝族大學生對詞語效價的外顯認知和內隱認知。(3)本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)文化圖式對民族詞語認知的影響會受到文化圖式是否是具體事物意象的影響,如果是具有“水”和“火”這種具體事物意象的文化圖式,可能就無法影響到詞語效價的具身認知。
[Abstract]:Cultural schema is the cultural background knowledge acquired by the human brain. It comes from the existing knowledge structure in a specific cultural environment. It is a knowledge organization pattern in the human brain. Cultural schemas exist in different forms, including human thinking, values, religious beliefs, folklore, lifestyle and social system. The schema will affect people's cognition of different cultural phenomena. The study shows that the cultural schema has an influence on the cognition of the vocabulary. The Dai and the Yi people are two ethnic minorities with water culture and fire culture respectively in our country. This study explored the unique schemata of the two nationalities, "water", "fire" cultural schema to the corresponding water. Three studies were included in this study. One selected 100 Dai college students and 100 Yi college students, using lexical association tests to collect association words for study two and study three, and finally got 30 words of water cultural associative words and 30 words of fire Culture Association. Study two includes two sub studies. The sub study 1 is a non cultural startup experiment, selecting 34 Dai college students who have not participated in the study and selecting 34 Yi college students who have not participated in the study. The experiment uses 2 (ethnic: Dai / Yi) *2 (Culture: water / fire) *2 (word validity / negative) mixed experiment design. The purpose of the study is to explore the text. The effect of the schema on the explicit cognition of the word validity of the Dai and Yi two college students. 2 the sub study is the cultural start experiment, selecting 34 Dai subjects and 34 Yi subjects who have not participated in the culture free experiment. The experiment adopts the mixed design of 2 (ethnic: Dai / Yi) *2 (Culture: water / fire) *2 (word valence: positive / negative). The purpose is to explore The effect of cultural schemata on the implicit cognition of the word validity of the Dai and Yi two college students. The result of the cultural start experiment shows that the reaction of the Yi people to the fire positive words is significantly shorter than the Dai people. The cultural start experiment results show that the Dai people were significantly shorter than the water negative words when the Dai people were responding to the water positive words. The response of the subjects to the water positive words was significantly faster than the reaction of the fire positive words; the response of the Yi subjects to the fire positive words was significantly shorter than that of the Dai subjects. Study three was a body characterization experiment, and 62 Dai subjects who had not participated in the study and two were selected and the Yi subjects were selected, and the experiment adopted 2 (ethnic: Dai / Yi) *2 (Culture). Water / fire) *2 (word validity: positive / negative) *2 (distance between key and body: distance: far / near) four factors mixed design. The purpose is to explore the effect of cultural schema on the cognitive effect of word validity of the Dai and Yi two college students. The results show that the Yi people were significantly shorter than negative words when they responded to the water positive words when they were near the keys. The response of negative words to negative words is significantly longer than that of negative words. (1) the water cultural schema affects the implicit cognition of the word validity of the Dai students. (2) the fire cultural schema affects the explicit cognition and implicit cognition of the word validity of the Yi students. (3) this study finds the influence of cultural schema on the cognition of the national words. Cultural schemata will be influenced by the image of specific things. If it is a cultural schema with the specific image of "water" and "fire", it may not affect the physical cognition of the word titer.

【學位授予單位】：云南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842

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