本文選題：Simon效應(yīng) + 語(yǔ)音反應(yīng)　； 參考：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：刺激-反應(yīng)相容性(Stimulus-Response Compatibility, SRC)是認(rèn)知心理學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)研究現(xiàn)象。Simon效應(yīng)是刺激-反應(yīng)相容性效應(yīng)的經(jīng)典范例,Simon效應(yīng)指即使刺激空間位置是無(wú)關(guān)維度,也會(huì)對(duì)個(gè)體反應(yīng)結(jié)果產(chǎn)生影響的現(xiàn)象。即當(dāng)刺激空間信息和要求反應(yīng)的空間信息一致時(shí),個(gè)體的反應(yīng)要好于兩者不一致條件時(shí)的反應(yīng),具體表現(xiàn)為反應(yīng)時(shí)更短、正確率更高。以往研究表明Simon效應(yīng)會(huì)受到刺激類型、呈現(xiàn)方式、反應(yīng)方式、反應(yīng)策略、認(rèn)知負(fù)荷等客觀因素的影響。同時(shí),有研究已經(jīng)證明情緒會(huì)影響Stroop效應(yīng)和Flanker效應(yīng)等認(rèn)知沖突,那么情緒作為一種主觀因素也可能會(huì)對(duì)空間Simon效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生影響,如人們會(huì)基于自身的身體構(gòu)造及同環(huán)境的互動(dòng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)而形成左右空間情感效價(jià)關(guān)聯(lián)模式,但是這種空間情感效價(jià)關(guān)聯(lián)模式無(wú)法排除反應(yīng)手在其中的作用。鑒于此,本研究將采用口頭報(bào)告的反應(yīng)方式,同時(shí)控制情緒的喚醒度,來研究情緒效價(jià)對(duì)空間Simon效應(yīng)的影響。對(duì)此問題的深入研究不僅可以深入了解人類認(rèn)知信息加工的機(jī)制,而且有助于設(shè)計(jì)出更加人性化的人機(jī)系統(tǒng)和幫助員工進(jìn)行情緒調(diào)節(jié)從而優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)管理。本研究采用語(yǔ)音反應(yīng)的方式通過三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)來揭示刺激的無(wú)關(guān)維度——情緒效價(jià)對(duì)空間Simon效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生影響的機(jī)制。實(shí)驗(yàn)一采用口頭報(bào)告的Simon任務(wù)來驗(yàn)證語(yǔ)音反應(yīng)方式下能否產(chǎn)生空間Simon效應(yīng)；實(shí)驗(yàn)二在實(shí)驗(yàn)一基礎(chǔ)上通過口頭報(bào)告的Simon任務(wù)考察無(wú)關(guān)情緒效價(jià)是否對(duì)空間Simon效應(yīng)有影響,但是在本實(shí)驗(yàn)中刺激的無(wú)關(guān)維度包括刺激的呈現(xiàn)位置和情緒效價(jià)兩個(gè),即空間位置沖突與效價(jià)沖突同時(shí)存在時(shí),本研究假設(shè)相比于中性情緒,負(fù)性情緒會(huì)促進(jìn)人們的認(rèn)知控制,從而削弱空間Simon效應(yīng)；而正性情緒則會(huì)阻礙認(rèn)知控制,從而使空間Simon效應(yīng)增大,說明情緒效價(jià)會(huì)影響和調(diào)節(jié)空間Simon效應(yīng)；實(shí)驗(yàn)三則進(jìn)一步探究情緒效價(jià)對(duì)空間Simon效應(yīng)的影響是否是由情緒效價(jià)與左右空間之間的聯(lián)結(jié)效應(yīng)造成的。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)相比于中性情緒,正性情緒會(huì)削弱空間Simon效應(yīng),但是負(fù)性情緒的影響不顯著,說明情緒效價(jià)會(huì)對(duì)空間Simon效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生調(diào)節(jié)作用,而且這種情緒效價(jià)與空間的聯(lián)結(jié)效應(yīng)(正性情緒與“右”的聯(lián)結(jié),但未發(fā)現(xiàn)負(fù)性情緒和“右”的聯(lián)結(jié))可以由極性編碼理論來解釋。具體說明,實(shí)驗(yàn)一選取了30名有效被試,刺激為直徑23毫米紅色或綠色圓圈,實(shí)驗(yàn)任務(wù)是對(duì)左、右位置呈現(xiàn)的刺激依據(jù)其顏色進(jìn)行口頭報(bào)告“左”／“右”的反應(yīng),考察語(yǔ)音反應(yīng)方式下是否會(huì)產(chǎn)生空間Simon效應(yīng)。自變量為一致性,分為一致和不一致兩個(gè)水平。因變量為反應(yīng)時(shí)和正確率。實(shí)驗(yàn)二采用同樣方法另外選取30名未參加實(shí)驗(yàn)一的有效被試,在實(shí)驗(yàn)一的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行的研究,考察情緒效價(jià)對(duì)空間Simon效應(yīng)的影響。判斷任務(wù)和反應(yīng)規(guī)則都與實(shí)驗(yàn)一相同,但實(shí)驗(yàn)二的刺激是情緒性刺激,分別是高興面孔的簡(jiǎn)筆畫和憤怒面孔的簡(jiǎn)筆畫(Proctor, Zhang, Vu,2013; Zhang Proctor,2008)實(shí)驗(yàn)采用2(一致性：一致,不一致)×2(情緒效價(jià)類型：正性,負(fù)性)的被試內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)。并與實(shí)驗(yàn)一進(jìn)行聯(lián)合分析。因變量為反應(yīng)時(shí)和正確率。實(shí)驗(yàn)三選取了有效被試30名,是實(shí)驗(yàn)二的控制實(shí)驗(yàn)。由于實(shí)驗(yàn)二中刺激的無(wú)關(guān)維度既有呈現(xiàn)位置,又有情緒效價(jià),難以說清采用情緒對(duì)產(chǎn)生Simon效應(yīng)的影響效價(jià)編碼的結(jié)果還是空間位置編碼的結(jié)果。故在本實(shí)驗(yàn)中所有目標(biāo)刺激均是中央呈現(xiàn)的,控制了刺激的呈現(xiàn)位置這一無(wú)關(guān)維度對(duì)結(jié)果的影響。刺激類型、判斷任務(wù)和反應(yīng)規(guī)則同實(shí)驗(yàn)二一致。實(shí)驗(yàn)采用2(口頭報(bào)告反應(yīng)：“左”,“右”)×2(情緒效價(jià)類型：正性,負(fù)性)的被試內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)。因變量是反應(yīng)時(shí)和正確率。通過上述實(shí)驗(yàn)得到的結(jié)論：(1)一致條件下的反應(yīng)比不一致條件下的反應(yīng)更快、更準(zhǔn)確,說明在語(yǔ)音反應(yīng)方式下也會(huì)產(chǎn)生空間Simon效應(yīng),支持了反應(yīng)-辯別假說,空間Simon效應(yīng)的產(chǎn)生不受反應(yīng)方式的限制。(2)對(duì)情緒面孔簡(jiǎn)筆畫刺激進(jìn)行判斷顏色的Simon任務(wù)時(shí),仍會(huì)產(chǎn)生空間Simon效應(yīng)。與實(shí)驗(yàn)一的中性條件下的空間Simon效應(yīng)相比,正性情緒會(huì)削弱空間Simon效應(yīng),但是負(fù)性情緒對(duì)空間Simon效應(yīng)未產(chǎn)生影響。(3)采用語(yǔ)音報(bào)告范式,出現(xiàn)了正性情緒效價(jià)與口頭報(bào)告“右”出現(xiàn)聯(lián)結(jié),但是未發(fā)現(xiàn)負(fù)性情緒效價(jià)與“左”的聯(lián)結(jié),支持了極性編碼理論,即情緒效價(jià)對(duì)空間Simon效應(yīng)的影響主要是積極情緒效價(jià)與語(yǔ)音反應(yīng)的極性編碼一致性的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Stimulus-Response Compatibility (SRC) is a hot research field in cognitive psychology. The.Simon effect is a classic example of the compatibility effect of stimulus response. The Simon effect refers to the phenomenon that even the stimulus space position is unrelated to the individual response results. That is, when the stimulus space is stimulated, the effect of the Simon effect is to stimulate the space. When information is consistent with the spatial information required for response, the response of an individual is better than the reaction between the two. The specific performance is that the response is shorter and the correct rate is higher. The previous study showed that the Simon effect would be influenced by the objective factors such as the type of stimulation, the way of presentation, the way of reaction, the reaction strategy, the cognitive load and so on. It is proved that emotion can affect the cognitive conflicts such as the Stroop effect and the Flanker effect. As a subjective factor, emotion may also affect the spatial Simon effect. For example, people will form an affective titer model in the left and right space based on its own body structure and the interaction experience with the environment, but this spatial affective valence Association The model can not exclude the effect of the reaction hand. In view of this, this study will use the response mode of oral report and control the arousal degree of emotion to study the effect of emotional valence on the spatial Simon effect. Human human-computer systems and help employees to adjust their mood to optimize production management. This study uses three experiments to reveal the unrelated dimension of stimulus - the mechanism of the effect of emotional valence on the spatial Simon effect. Can the spatial Simon effect be produced; experiment two, on the basis of the experiment one, investigates whether the irrelevant emotional titer is affected by the spatial Simon effect through the oral report Simon task, but in this experiment the unrelated dimensions of the stimulus include the presentation position of the stimulus and the two emotional titer, that is, when the space position conflict and the titer conflict exist simultaneously, This study assumes that negative emotions can promote cognitive control and weaken the spatial Simon effect, while positive emotion hinders cognitive control and increases the spatial Simon effect, indicating that emotional titer affects and regulates the spatial Simon effect, and experiment three further explores the effect of emotional titer to spatial Simon effect. The effect of the stress is caused by the connection effect between the emotional validity and the left and right space. The study finds that the positive emotion weakens the spatial Simon effect compared to the neutral mood, but the negative emotion is not significant, indicating that the emotional titer can regulate the spatial Simon effect and the relationship between the emotional validity and the space. The combination of positive emotion and right, but unfound negative and "right" links) can be explained by polar coding theory. Specifically, the experiment selected 30 effective subjects, stimulated by a 23 millimeter red or green circle in diameter, and the experimental task was to give a verbal report on the left, right location of the stimulus according to its color. " The response of "left" / "right" is to examine whether the spatial Simon effect is produced in the speech response. The independent variable is consistent, divided into two levels of consistency and inconsistency. The dependent variable is the reaction time and the correct rate. The experiment two uses the same method to select 30 effective subjects who have not participated in the experiment, and Study on the basis of the experiment one, The effect of emotional titer on spatial Simon effect was examined. The judgment task and reaction rule were the same as that in the experiment one, but the stimulus of experiment two was emotional stimuli, respectively, the simple strokes of happy faces and the simple strokes of angry faces (Proctor, Zhang, Vu, 2013; Zhang Proctor, 2008) used 2 (congruence: unanimous, inconsistent) * 2 (emotion). The type of validity: positive, negative, experimental design. Combined analysis with experiment one. Because the variable is the reaction time and the correct rate. Experiment three selects 30 of the effective subjects, which is the control experiment of the experiment two. Because the unrelated dimensions of the second stimulus are both present and emotional titer, it is difficult to say that emotion is used to produce Sim The effect of on effect on titer coding is the result of spatial position coding. So in this experiment, all the target stimuli are presented in the central area, and the effect of the unrelated dimension of the stimulus is controlled. The type of stimulus, the judgment task and the reaction rule are the same as that of experiment two. The experiment uses 2 (oral report reaction: "left" "", "right") * 2 (emotional valence type: positive, negative) experimental design. The result of the reaction time and the correct rate. The results obtained by the above experiments are: (1) the reaction under the same condition is faster and more accurate than the inconsistency condition, indicating that the Simon effect will also be produced under the speech reaction, which supports the reaction - The generation of the spatial Simon effect is not limited by the reaction mode. (2) the spatial Simon effect will still be produced when the emotional face simple stroke is stimulated to judge the color Simon task. Compared with the spatial Simon effect under the neutral condition of the experimental one, the positive emotion will weaken the spatial Simon effect, but the negative emotion has a Simon effect on the space. There is no effect. (3) the positive emotional valence of the speech report "right" appears with the speech report paradigm, but there is no connection between the negative emotional valence and the "left", which supports the polar coding theory, that is, the effect of emotional validity on the spatial Simon effect is the polarity coding of positive emotion titer and speech response. The result of sex.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：B842.1

【二級(jí)參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：1867664