本文選題：群體印象形成 + 個體印象形成�。� 參考：《心理學(xué)報》2014年11期

【摘要】：采用"反基準比率效應(yīng)"范式考察在群體印象形成與個體印象形成兩種認知加工過程中,基準比率對印象形成過程及其結(jié)果的影響。被試分別為39名19~25歲大學(xué)生(實驗1:男生17名,女生22名,均為右利手)以及46名19~25歲大學(xué)生(實驗2:男生21名,女生25名,均為右利手)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):無論是群體印象形成還是個體印象形成,在學(xué)習(xí)階段,知覺者都能準確認知各類事件間的關(guān)系,但會優(yōu)先建構(gòu)高頻事件間的聯(lián)結(jié)。而在測試階段,當(dāng)?shù)皖l事件與高頻事件同時出現(xiàn)時,知覺者發(fā)生明顯關(guān)系誤判,即以反基準比率的傾向高估低頻事件間的聯(lián)結(jié)強度。實驗表明群體與個體印象形成過程中都會產(chǎn)生反基準比率效應(yīng)這樣的加工偏差,進而初步揭示反基準比率現(xiàn)象在社會信息加工領(lǐng)域具有一定的普遍性。
[Abstract]:The "anti-benchmark ratio effect" paradigm is used to investigate the influence of the benchmark ratio on the impression formation process and its outcome in the two cognitive processes of group impression formation and individual impression formation. The subjects were 39 college students aged 19 ~ 25 years (experiment 1: 17 male students, 22 female students, all right-handed) and 46 19- and 25-year-old college students (experiment 2: 21 male students and 25 female students, all right handedness). The results show that both group impression formation and individual impression formation can accurately recognize the relationship between various events in the learning stage, but preferentially construct the association between high frequency events. In the testing stage, when the low frequency event and the high frequency event appear simultaneously, the perceptual person has the obvious relation misjudgment, that is, overestimating the connection intensity between the low frequency events with the tendency of the inverse benchmark ratio. The experiment shows that the processing deviation of anti-benchmark ratio effect will occur in the process of formation of group and individual impression, and the phenomenon of anti-benchmark ratio has certain universality in the field of social information processing.
【作者單位】： 上海師范大學(xué)教育學(xué)院;寧夏大學(xué)教育學(xué)院;
【基金】：教育部新世紀優(yōu)秀人才計劃項目“多重社會范疇的加工機制” 教育部人文社科一般項目青年基金項目“加工偏差視角下的個體與群體印象形成機制相似性比較研究”(項目批準號14XJC190002)
【分類號】：B848

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本文編號：1841350