本文選題：情緒 + 道德決策�。� 參考：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：以往研究發(fā)現(xiàn)誘發(fā)不同的情緒不僅影響被試隨后的道德決策原則,還會影響被試的行為傾向;此外研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)不同情緒會對特定的道德領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生特異性的影響。但是在以往研究中,雖然有研究者基于情緒的評價理論選取情緒進(jìn)行研究,但只是零散地選取部分情緒,并沒有系統(tǒng)地對情緒進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn);而且研究者在選取道德困境材料時,多基于Greene的實(shí)驗(yàn)材料選取模擬的生死困境問題,與現(xiàn)實(shí)脫離,實(shí)用價值低。本研究主要通過三個混合實(shí)驗(yàn)探討誘發(fā)不同的具體情緒對個體利他行為和利己行為的影響。首先,我們選取情緒評價理論的認(rèn)知評價維度理論中比較重要的效價、責(zé)任和確定性三個維度,并基于此三個維度選取六種不同的具體情緒。其次,我們基于Haidt道德五基礎(chǔ)理論的最新研究以及我國當(dāng)前社會關(guān)注較多的道德問題,以與人們生活息息相關(guān)的關(guān)愛、誠信和職業(yè)道德三個領(lǐng)域的道德困境為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料。實(shí)驗(yàn)中采用自傳體回憶方法誘發(fā)被試相應(yīng)的情緒,隨后完成關(guān)愛、誠信以及職業(yè)道德領(lǐng)域中的道德決策任務(wù)。為防止被試在進(jìn)行作答時有意凸顯自己的優(yōu)良品質(zhì),實(shí)驗(yàn)中對被試的一般社會贊許性傾向進(jìn)行測量,并將其作為協(xié)變量進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果分析發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)除憤怒情緒外,效價維度不同的情緒對個體道德決策的影響沒有顯著差異;確定性維度不同的情緒對個體道德決策的影響沒有顯著差異;責(zé)任維度不同的情緒對個體道德決策的影響也沒有顯著差異,情緒的認(rèn)知評價維度理論無法對此進(jìn)行解釋。(2)憤怒情緒與自豪、感激、厭惡、恐懼、羞恥、中性任意一種情緒相比,對個體道德決策的影響差異顯著。憤怒情緒下,被試在關(guān)愛領(lǐng)域中的利他主義行為傾向顯著低于其他情緒下被試的利他主義行為傾向。(3)困境類型顯著影響被試的道德決策,誠信領(lǐng)域中的利己主義行為傾向顯著低于關(guān)愛和職業(yè)道德領(lǐng)域,關(guān)愛領(lǐng)域中的利他主義行為傾向顯著低于誠信和職業(yè)道德領(lǐng)域。情緒評價理論中的核心評價主題可以對此進(jìn)行更好的解釋,不同情緒強(qiáng)調(diào)了不同的社會道德關(guān)注,會引發(fā)不同的道德判斷,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致個體不同的道德決策。這一結(jié)果符合當(dāng)前中國的社會現(xiàn)實(shí)。
[Abstract]:Previous studies found that eliciting different emotions not only affected the subjects' moral decision-making principles, but also affected the subjects' behavioral tendency. In addition, it was also found that different emotions had a specific effect on a specific moral field. However, in the previous studies, although some researchers selected emotion based on the evaluation theory of emotion, but only selected a part of the emotion, and did not systematically test the emotion; moreover, when selecting the material of moral dilemma, the researcher chose the material of moral dilemma. The problem of life and death dilemma of many experimental materials based on Greene is divorced from reality, which is of low practical value. In this study, three mixed experiments were conducted to explore the effects of inducing different specific emotions on individual altruistic behavior and egoism behavior. First of all, we select the three dimensions of cognitive evaluation dimension of emotional evaluation theory, namely, price, responsibility and certainty, and choose six different specific emotions based on these three dimensions. Secondly, based on the latest research of the five basic theories of Haidt morality and the moral problems that our society pays more attention to at present, we take the moral dilemma in the three fields of care, honesty and professional ethics, which is closely related to people's life, as the experimental material. In the experiment, autobiographical recall method was used to induce the corresponding emotion of the subjects, and then completed the tasks of moral decision-making in the fields of care, honesty and professional ethics. In order to prevent the subjects from deliberately highlighting their excellent qualities, the general social positive tendency of the subjects was measured and analyzed as a covariable. Results: (1) except angry emotion, there was no significant difference in the influence of different emotion on individual moral decision, and there was no significant difference in the influence of different emotion in deterministic dimension on individual moral decision. There is no significant difference in the influence of different emotions in responsibility dimension on individual moral decision-making. The cognitive evaluation theory of emotion can not explain this.) anger and pride, gratitude, disgust, fear, shame, etc. There are significant differences in the influence of any neutral emotion on individual moral decision-making. In anger, the altruistic behavior tendency of subjects in the field of care was significantly lower than that of other emotions.) Dilemma type significantly affected the subjects' moral decision-making. Egoism in the field of honesty is significantly lower than that in the field of love and professional ethics, and altruism in the field of love is significantly lower than that in the field of integrity and professional ethics. The core theme of emotional evaluation theory can be better explained. Different emotions emphasize different social moral concerns, which will lead to different moral judgments, and lead to different individual moral decisions. This result is in line with the current social reality in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842.6

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本文編號：1819396