本文選題：人際責(zé)任 + 助人行為　； 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),助人行為的相關(guān)問(wèn)題一直是社會(huì)討論的焦點(diǎn)話題。助人行為指自愿為他人帶來(lái)好處,帶有一定的個(gè)人目的和利益傾向,而且也有益于社會(huì)的行為。影響助人行為的因素有很多,其中,人格因素是一個(gè)既重要卻又容易被忽視的因素。已有的一些關(guān)于影響助人行為的人格因素的研究,都是基于對(duì)西方文化提出的人格因素,這些人格因素可能并不能完全解釋人格與中國(guó)人助人行為之間的關(guān)系。因此,我們探討了立足于中國(guó)文化的人格因素——人際責(zé)任與助人行為的關(guān)系;此外,根據(jù)強(qiáng)情境假設(shè),我們進(jìn)一步提出了人格與助人行為的情境調(diào)節(jié)模型,即在不同的觀點(diǎn)采擇情境下,人際責(zé)任與助人行為的關(guān)系存在差異。我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了三個(gè)研究來(lái)探討上述問(wèn)題。研究一初步探索人際責(zé)任與助人行為的關(guān)系,對(duì)149名在校大學(xué)生進(jìn)行調(diào)查。結(jié)果顯示:人際責(zé)任與助人意愿(r=0.31,p0.001)和助人次數(shù)(r=0.27,p0.001)呈顯著正相關(guān)。表明:高人際責(zé)任者更可能做出助人行為。研究二引入觀點(diǎn)采擇情境來(lái)考察觀點(diǎn)采擇引導(dǎo)是否可以讓低人際責(zé)任者也有更高的助人意愿,并愿意付出更多的助人時(shí)間。研究以196名在校大學(xué)生為對(duì)象,將其隨機(jī)分為實(shí)驗(yàn)組(觀點(diǎn)采擇情境,101人)和控制組(無(wú)觀點(diǎn)采擇情境,95人)。結(jié)果顯示:在助人意愿上,人際責(zé)任和觀點(diǎn)采擇情境的交互作用顯著(b=-1.00,SE=0.26,t=-3.90,p0.01)。進(jìn)一步簡(jiǎn)單斜率檢驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),在無(wú)觀點(diǎn)采擇的情境下,人際責(zé)任能夠顯著正向預(yù)測(cè)助人意愿(b=1.11,SE=0.19,t=5.78,p0.001);在觀點(diǎn)采擇情境下,人際責(zé)任對(duì)助人意愿的影響不顯著(b=0.11,SE=0.17,t=0.64,p0.05)。在助人時(shí)間上,人際責(zé)任與觀點(diǎn)采擇情境的交互作用顯著(b=-0.89,SE=0.39,t=-2.31,p0.05)。進(jìn)一步簡(jiǎn)單斜率檢驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),在無(wú)觀點(diǎn)采擇的情境下,人際責(zé)任能夠顯著正向預(yù)測(cè)助人時(shí)間(b=0.95,SE=0.29,t=3.30,p0.01);在觀點(diǎn)采擇情境下,人際責(zé)任對(duì)助人時(shí)間的影響不顯著(b=0.06,SE=0.26,t=0.24,p0.05)。這些結(jié)果提示:在無(wú)觀點(diǎn)采擇情境下,人際責(zé)任與助人意愿和助人時(shí)間呈顯著正相關(guān);在觀點(diǎn)采擇情境下,低人際責(zé)任者的助人意愿與助人時(shí)間達(dá)到了與高人際責(zé)任者類似的水平。研究三進(jìn)一步細(xì)化觀點(diǎn)采擇的類型來(lái)考察其能否調(diào)節(jié)人際責(zé)任與助人意愿和助人時(shí)間之間的關(guān)系。首先通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查獲取有效被試319名(均為在校大學(xué)生),將人際責(zé)任得分在前27%者劃分為高分組,后27%者劃分為低分組,分別邀請(qǐng)高低組來(lái)實(shí)驗(yàn)室參加實(shí)驗(yàn)。最終獲取有效被試196人,將其隨機(jī)分為技術(shù)觀點(diǎn)采擇組(62人)、認(rèn)知觀點(diǎn)采擇組(67人)和情感觀點(diǎn)采擇組(67人)。結(jié)果顯示:在助人意愿上,人際責(zé)任與觀點(diǎn)采擇類型的交互作用顯著,F(2,190)=5.06,p0.01,η2=0.05。進(jìn)一步簡(jiǎn)單效應(yīng)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),在技術(shù)觀點(diǎn)采擇條件下,人際責(zé)任高分組的助人意愿顯著高于人際責(zé)任低分組,F(1,190)=21.16,p0.001,η2=0.10;在認(rèn)知觀點(diǎn)采擇條件下,人際責(zé)任高分組的助人意愿顯著高于人際責(zé)任低分組,F(1,190)=5.22,p0.05,η2=0.03;在情感觀點(diǎn)采擇條件下,人際責(zé)任高分組和低分組在助人意愿上差異不顯著,F(1,190)=0.05,p=0.83,η2=.00。在助人次數(shù)上,人際責(zé)任和觀點(diǎn)采擇類型的交互作用顯著,F(2,190)=4.51,p0.05,η2=0.05。進(jìn)一步簡(jiǎn)單效應(yīng)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),在技術(shù)觀點(diǎn)采擇條件下,人際責(zé)任高分組的助人次數(shù)顯著高于人際責(zé)任低分組,F(1,190)=22.25,p0.001,η2=0.11;在認(rèn)知觀點(diǎn)采擇條件下,人際責(zé)任高分組的助人次數(shù)顯著高于人際責(zé)任低分組,F(1,190)=6.70,p=0.01,η2=0.03;在情感觀點(diǎn)采擇條件下,人際責(zé)任高分組和低分組在助人次數(shù)上差異不顯著,F(1,190)=0.36,p=0.55,η2=0.002。表明:在技術(shù)觀點(diǎn)采擇情境和認(rèn)知觀點(diǎn)采擇情境下,人際責(zé)任與助人意愿和助人時(shí)間呈顯著正相關(guān);在情感觀點(diǎn)采擇情境下,低人際責(zé)任的助人意愿和助人時(shí)間達(dá)到了與高人際責(zé)任者類似的水平。本研究的結(jié)果提示:人際責(zé)任與助人行為(助人意愿和助人時(shí)間)的關(guān)系密切,并且受到觀點(diǎn)采擇情境的調(diào)節(jié)。即在觀點(diǎn)采擇情境下,特別是情感觀點(diǎn)采擇情境下,低人際責(zé)任者的助人行為可以達(dá)到高人際責(zé)任者的水平。這些結(jié)果為人際責(zé)任的培養(yǎng)和促進(jìn)助人行為提供了參考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the related problems of the behavior of helping people have been the focus of social discussion. The behavior of helping people refers to the benefits of others, with certain personal and interest tendencies, and also beneficial to social behavior. There are many factors affecting the behavior of helping people, among which personality factors are both important and easily neglected factors. Some of the existing research on personality factors affecting the behavior of helping people are based on the personality factors of western culture. These personality factors may not fully explain the relationship between personality and Chinese help behavior. Therefore, we explore the personality factors based on Chinese culture, interpersonal and helping behavior. In addition, according to the hypothesis of strong situation, we further put forward a situational adjustment model of personality and helping behavior, that is, the relationship between interpersonal responsibility and helping behavior is different in different view selection situations. We have designed three studies to explore the above problems. 149 college students surveyed. The results showed a significant positive correlation between interpersonal responsibility and r=0.31 (p0.001) and the number of AIDS (r=0.27, p0.001). 196 college students were randomly divided into experimental group (view selection situation, 101 people) and control group (95 people without view selection situation, 95 people). The results showed that the interaction between interpersonal responsibility and perspective selection situation was significant (b=-1.00, SE=0.26, t=-3.90, P0). .01). Further simple slope test shows that interpersonal responsibility can significantly positively predict helping people's will (b=1.11, SE=0.19, t=5.78, p0.001) in the situation without perspective selection (b=1.11, SE=0.19, t=5.78, p0.001). In the context of view selection, interpersonal responsibility has no significant influence on the willingness of helping people (b=0.11, SE= 0.17, t=0.64, P0.05). The interaction of the environment was significant (b=-0.89, SE=0.39, t=-2.31, P0.05). Further simple slope test found that in the situation of no view selection, interpersonal responsibility could significantly positively predict helping time (b=0.95, SE=0.29, t=3.30, P0.01), and in the situation of view selection, the influence of human responsibility on the helping time was not significant (b=0.06, SE=0.26, t=0.24, P0.05). These results suggest that there is a significant positive correlation between interpersonal responsibility and the willingness to help and the time of helping people in the context of non view selection. Under the situation of view selection, the willingness and time of the low interpersonal responsibility are similar to those of the high interpersonal responsibility. Study three further refines the types of perspective selection to examine whether they can regulate people. The relationship between the inter responsibility and the willingness to help people and the time of helping people. First of all, 319 effective subjects were obtained by questionnaire survey (all were college students), and the scores of interpersonal responsibility were divided into high groups in the first 27%. The latter 27% were divided into low groups, and the high and low groups were invited to the laboratory to participate in the experiment. Finally, 196 effective subjects were obtained, and they were randomly divided into two groups. The results showed that the interaction of interpersonal responsibility and opinion selection type was significant in helping people's willingness, and F (2190) =5.06, P0.01, and ETA 2=0.05. were further analyzed by simple effect analysis, and the interpersonal responsibility group was highly grouped under the technical view selection condition. The willingness to help people was significantly higher than that of low interpersonal responsibility group, F (1190) =21.16, p0.001, and ETA 2=0.10. Under the condition of cognitive selection, interpersonal responsibility was significantly higher than the low interpersonal responsibility group, F (1190) =5.22, P0.05, and ETA 2=0.03. Under the emotional selection bar, the differences of interpersonal responsibility high group and low group were different in helping people's willingness. Significantly, F (1190) =0.05, p=0.83, and ETA 2=.00. have a significant interaction of interpersonal responsibility and view selection types. F (2190) =4.51, P0.05, and ETA 2=0.05. further simple effect analysis found that under the condition of technical view selection, the number of interpersonal responsibility high groups is significantly higher than that of low interpersonal responsibility group, F (1190) =22.25, p0.001, ETA 2. =0.11; under the condition of cognitive selection, the number of people with high interpersonal responsibility group was significantly higher than that of low interpersonal responsibility group, F (1190) =6.70, p=0.01, and ETA 2=0.03. Under the condition of emotional selection, there was no significant difference in the number of interpersonal responsibilities between high and low groups, and F (1190) =0.36, p=0.55, and ETA 2=0.002. showed that in technical view selection Under the situation of visual selection, interpersonal responsibility has a significant positive correlation with the willingness to help and the time of helping people. Under the situation of emotional selection, the willingness and time of the low interpersonal responsibility are similar to those of the high interpersonal responsibility. The results of this study suggest that the interpersonal responsibility and the helping behavior (help will and help the person time). In the context of the choice of views, especially in the situation of emotional selection, the behavior of the people with low interpersonal responsibility can reach the level of high interpersonal responsibility. These results provide a reference for the cultivation of interpersonal responsibility and the promotion of helping people.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B848.4

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