本文選題：信息框架 + 解釋水平��； 參考：《杭州師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：過(guò)分自信是個(gè)體在進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)和判斷時(shí)發(fā)生偏離校準(zhǔn),過(guò)高估計(jì)自己的能力,產(chǎn)生過(guò)度樂(lè)觀的一種認(rèn)知偏差。過(guò)分自信研究一直是社會(huì)心理學(xué)領(lǐng)域研究的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。早期過(guò)分自信的研究大多關(guān)注人們的感受和比較過(guò)程的主觀性,近年來(lái),研究者開(kāi)始重視客觀環(huán)境和信息在過(guò)分自信中的作用,研究者已經(jīng)證實(shí)信息的類型、正負(fù)性、清晰度等信息內(nèi)容差異對(duì)過(guò)分自信有重要作用。但是,信息差異是更廣泛存在的,信息框架是信息內(nèi)容的不同呈現(xiàn)方式,是信息差異的重要體現(xiàn)。已有研究表明,信息框架對(duì)人們的判斷與決策行為有重要影響。但是,信息框架對(duì)過(guò)分自信影響的研究結(jié)論還不明確。因此,本研究首先考慮信息框架對(duì)過(guò)分自信的影響。同時(shí),信息框架并不是單一地對(duì)個(gè)體判斷決策起作用,它往往還伴隨個(gè)體特征變量共同作用于判斷與決策。在個(gè)體認(rèn)知判斷的個(gè)體特征因素中,解釋水平是研究者目前較為關(guān)注的重要因素。本研究將個(gè)體解釋水平與信息框架結(jié)合在一起,考察信息框架與解釋水平的匹配對(duì)過(guò)分自信中的影響。本研究包括二個(gè)行為實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)一以92名大學(xué)生為被試,采用實(shí)驗(yàn)法操縱信息框架(正面/負(fù)面)和反饋類型(積極/消極)兩個(gè)變量,探討不同信息框架給予的反饋對(duì)過(guò)分自信的影響。結(jié)果顯示,信息框架和反饋類型對(duì)過(guò)分自信的作用差異顯著,正面信息框架條件下的被試過(guò)分自信程度顯著高于負(fù)面信息框架下的被試;積極反饋被試過(guò)分自信顯著高于消極反饋被試。實(shí)驗(yàn)二以84名大學(xué)生為被試,通過(guò)操縱信息框架(正面/負(fù)面)和特質(zhì)性解釋水平(高/低)兩個(gè)變量考察了信息框架和解釋水平(特質(zhì)性解釋水平)之間的匹配效應(yīng),以及兩者匹配和不匹配條件下過(guò)分自信的變化。結(jié)果表明,信息框架和個(gè)體的特質(zhì)性解釋水平存在匹配效應(yīng),當(dāng)兩者匹配時(shí),被試的過(guò)分自信更為極端。根據(jù)本研究的結(jié)果,我們認(rèn)為信息框架對(duì)過(guò)分自信有顯著的影響;信息框架和解釋水平之間存在匹配效應(yīng),共同影響過(guò)分自信,當(dāng)兩者匹配時(shí),被試的過(guò)分自信更為極端。
[Abstract]:Over-confidence is a cognitive deviation in which individuals deviate from calibration and overestimate their ability to evaluate and judge.The study of overconfidence has always been the focus of research in the field of social psychology.In recent years, researchers have begun to attach importance to the role of objective environment and information in the process of overconfidence. Researchers have confirmed the type of information, positive and negative.Information content differences, such as clarity, play an important role in overconfidence.However, the information difference exists more widely, and the information frame is the different presentation way of the information content and the important embodiment of the information difference.Previous studies have shown that the information framework has an important impact on people's judgment and decision-making behavior.However, the effect of information framework on overconfidence is unclear.Therefore, this study first considers the influence of information framework on overconfidence.At the same time, the information framework does not play a single role in the individual judgment decision, it is often accompanied by individual characteristic variables in the judgment and decision-making.Among the individual characteristics of individual cognitive judgment, the level of interpretation is an important factor that researchers pay more attention to at present.In this study, the individual level of interpretation and the information framework are combined to investigate the effect of the matching of the information framework and the level of explanation on overconfidence.This study includes two behavioral experiments.In experiment one, 92 college students were used to manipulate information frame (positive / negative) and feedback type (positive / negative) to explore the influence of feedback given by different information framework on overconfidence.The results showed that the effects of information framework and feedback type on overconfidence were significantly different, and the degree of overconfidence in positive information frame was significantly higher than that in negative information frame.The subjects with positive feedback were significantly higher than those with negative feedback.In experiment 2, 84 college students were selected to investigate the matching effect between information framework and interpretation level (trait interpretation level) by manipulating information framework (positive / negative) and idiosyncratic interpretation (high / low).And the change of overconfidence under the condition of match and mismatch.The results show that there is a matching effect between the information frame and the individual's trait interpretation level, and when the two match, the participants' overconfidence is more extreme.According to the results of this study, we believe that the information framework has a significant impact on overconfidence, and that there is a matching effect between the information framework and the level of explanation, which affects overconfidence together, and when the two match, the participants' overconfidence is more extreme.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：B842

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 趙鑫;社會(huì)比較中的認(rèn)知偏差探析[D];西北師范大學(xué);2009年

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本文編號(hào)：1771394