本文選題：情緒 + 注意　； 參考：《重慶師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：情緒對(duì)注意的影響，一直是心理學(xué)研究中的熱點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域。 根據(jù)注意資源理論，情緒刺激的出現(xiàn)會(huì)占用個(gè)體的注意資源，使得個(gè)體把注意力從情緒刺激上轉(zhuǎn)移回靶刺激需要更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，因此情緒刺激的出現(xiàn)對(duì)被試接下來(lái)出現(xiàn)的靶刺激的反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生干擾。Lavie的知覺(jué)負(fù)載理論也認(rèn)為，個(gè)體的注意資源是有限的，目標(biāo)刺激獲得的注意資源會(huì)隨著其他刺激或任務(wù)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)而減少。但是，Lee和Sternthal認(rèn)為，情緒刺激不僅不會(huì)占用注意資源，相反，還會(huì)提供額外的資源作為認(rèn)知能量，拓展注意的廣度，提高注意的靈活性。 在以往的研究中，情緒對(duì)注意的影響存在兩種截然不同的觀點(diǎn)，那么，情緒對(duì)注意的影響什么時(shí)候表現(xiàn)為干擾，什么時(shí)候表現(xiàn)為促進(jìn)？在文獻(xiàn)分析的基礎(chǔ)上，本研究認(rèn)為情緒對(duì)注意產(chǎn)生何種影響，與情緒刺激與目標(biāo)任務(wù)出現(xiàn)的間隔時(shí)間SOA有一定的關(guān)系。 因此，本研究主要著眼于驗(yàn)證在不同SOA條件下，情緒刺激對(duì)注意的影響。研究包括兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，分別采用不同的實(shí)驗(yàn)范式比較了不同SOA條件下，情緒刺激對(duì)注意的影響。 實(shí)驗(yàn)一采用go/no-go任務(wù)，操縱SOA（200ms、600ms）、情緒刺激類(lèi)型（無(wú)刺激、積極情緒刺激、中性情緒刺激、消極情緒刺激）和線(xiàn)索有效性（線(xiàn)索有效、線(xiàn)索無(wú)效）考察在不同情緒刺激類(lèi)型和SOA條件下情緒對(duì)注意的影響。結(jié)果顯示線(xiàn)索有效性的主效應(yīng)顯著，情緒刺激類(lèi)型與SOA的交互作用顯著，情緒刺激類(lèi)型、SOA與線(xiàn)索有效性三者之間的交互作用顯著。 實(shí)驗(yàn)二采用線(xiàn)索靶子范式，操縱SOA（200ms、600ms）、情緒刺激類(lèi)型（無(wú)刺激、積極情緒刺激、中性情緒刺激、消極情緒刺激）和線(xiàn)索有效性（線(xiàn)索有效、線(xiàn)索無(wú)效）考察在不同情緒刺激類(lèi)型和SOA條件下情緒對(duì)注意的影響。結(jié)果顯示線(xiàn)索有效性的主效應(yīng)顯著，情緒刺激類(lèi)型與SOA的交互作用顯著；情緒刺激類(lèi)型、SOA與線(xiàn)索有效性三者之間的交互作用顯著。 根據(jù)本研究?jī)蓚�(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)得到的結(jié)果，獲得以下幾點(diǎn)結(jié)論： 1.情緒刺激類(lèi)型與SOA存在顯著的交互作用，共同影響被試對(duì)靶刺激的反應(yīng)； 2.go/no-go任務(wù)中，當(dāng)情緒刺激為無(wú)刺激水平時(shí)，被試在SOA為200ms時(shí)的反應(yīng)顯著快于SOA為600ms時(shí)的反應(yīng)；而當(dāng)情緒刺激為積極和消極情緒刺激時(shí)，被試在SOA為200ms時(shí)的反應(yīng)顯著慢于SOA為600ms時(shí)的反應(yīng)，表明情緒刺激出現(xiàn)在不同SOA條件下，對(duì)注意會(huì)產(chǎn)生不同的影響。 3.go/no-go任務(wù)中，當(dāng)情緒刺激與靶刺激的時(shí)間間隔為200ms時(shí)，情緒刺激占用被試的注意資源，對(duì)被試的行為產(chǎn)生干擾作用，，導(dǎo)致被試的反應(yīng)速度減慢。 4.go/no-go任務(wù)與線(xiàn)索靶子范式中，當(dāng)情緒刺激與靶刺激的時(shí)間間隔為600ms時(shí)，情緒刺激對(duì)注意的干擾作用消退，情緒刺激對(duì)注意的增強(qiáng)效應(yīng)出現(xiàn)，情緒刺激拓展注意范圍，導(dǎo)致被試的反應(yīng)速度加快。
[Abstract]:The influence of emotion on attention has always been a hot field in psychological research.According to attention resource theory, the appearance of emotional stimulation takes up individual attention resources, which makes it take longer for individuals to shift their attention from emotional stimulation back to target stimulus.Therefore, the appearance of emotional stimulation interferes with the response of target stimuli to the subjects. Lavie's perceptual load theory also suggests that individual attention resources are limited.Target stimuli receive less attention resources as other stimuli or tasks compete.However, according to Lee and Sternthal, emotional stimulation not only does not occupy attention resources, but also provides additional resources as cognitive energy to expand attention span and improve attention flexibility.In previous studies, there are two different views on the influence of emotion on attention, so when is the influence of emotion on attention expressed as interference and when is it manifested as promotion?Based on the analysis of literature, this study suggests that the influence of emotion on attention is related to the interval between emotional stimulation and task.Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of emotional stimulation on attention under different SOA conditions.Two experiments were conducted to compare the effects of emotional stimulation on attention under different SOA conditions.In experiment 1, go/no-go task was used to manipulate the SOA 200ms / 600 Ms, the types of emotional stimuli (non-stimuli, positive emotional stimuli, neutral emotional stimuli, negative emotional stimuli) and cues validity (cues were effective).The effects of emotion on attention were examined under different emotional stimuli and SOA conditions.The results showed that the main effect of cue-validity was significant, the interaction between emotional stimulus type and SOA was significant, and the interaction between emotional stimulus type and cue-validity was significant.Experiment 2 used the cue-target paradigm to manipulate the SOA 200ms / 600 Ms, the types of emotional stimuli (non-stimuli, positive emotional stimuli, neutral emotional stimuli, negative emotional stimuli) and cue-effectiveness (cues were effective).The effects of emotion on attention were examined under different emotional stimuli and SOA conditions.The results showed that the main effect of cue-validity was significant, the interaction between emotional stimulus type and SOA was significant, and the interaction between emotional stimulus type and cue-validity was significant.According to the results of the two experiments, the following conclusions are obtained:1.There was significant interaction between emotional stimuli and SOA, which affected the responses of subjects to target stimuli.In the 2.go/no-go task, the responses of subjects with SOA as 200ms were significantly faster than those with SOA as 600ms, while those with positive and negative emotional stimuli were positive and negative when the level of emotional stimulation was non-stimulative.The responses of subjects with SOA as 200ms were significantly slower than those with SOA as 600ms, indicating that emotional stimuli appeared in different SOA conditions and had different effects on attention.In the 3.go/no-go task, when the time interval between emotional stimulation and target stimulus was 200ms, emotional stimulation occupied the attention resources of the subjects, which interfered with the behavior of the subjects, resulting in a slower response rate.In the 4.go/no-go task and clue target paradigm, when the time interval between emotional stimulus and target stimulus is 600ms, the disturbance of emotional stimulus to attention dissipates, the enhancement effect of emotional stimulus on attention appears, and the range of attention is expanded by emotional stimulation.As a result, the reaction rate of the subjects was accelerated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B842

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

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本文編號(hào)：1762277