本文選題：背景線索效應(yīng) + 外部獎(jiǎng)賞��； 參考：《山西師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在每日的工作、學(xué)習(xí)和生活中,我們要不斷接受大量繁雜無序的信息,但是,有很多信息并不是我們所需要的。人類視覺加工系統(tǒng)的能力是有限的,因此如何從信息中選擇關(guān)鍵信息,提高視覺搜索的效率就變得十分重要。大量的研究表明,可以利用背景線索信息來促進(jìn)視覺搜索,這便是背景線索效應(yīng)(contextual cuing effect)。除此之外,獎(jiǎng)賞能夠引導(dǎo)注意更快地指向目標(biāo),影響視覺搜索的效率,提高注意力,促進(jìn)視覺搜索。以往已經(jīng)有大量研究對(duì)獎(jiǎng)賞與視覺搜索的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了研究,并且發(fā)現(xiàn)獎(jiǎng)賞對(duì)視覺搜索有促進(jìn)作用,但是以往研究很少涉及獎(jiǎng)賞與背景線索效應(yīng)的關(guān)系研究。即便如此,僅有的研究也表明,獎(jiǎng)賞信息與背景線索效應(yīng)存在某種關(guān)系�；诖�,本研究提出了自己的實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),如下:實(shí)驗(yàn)1對(duì)背景線索效應(yīng)的基本信息進(jìn)行了探討,采用2(場(chǎng)景類型:重復(fù)場(chǎng)景、新穎場(chǎng)景)×4(epoch:1、2、3、4)的被試內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),驗(yàn)證了以往的研究結(jié)果,并為接下來的研究進(jìn)行了鋪墊。實(shí)驗(yàn)2采用2(場(chǎng)景類型:重復(fù)場(chǎng)景、新穎場(chǎng)景)×4(獎(jiǎng)賞類型:高獎(jiǎng)賞(10)、低獎(jiǎng)賞(5)、無獎(jiǎng)賞(0)、懲罰(-5))×4(epoch:1、2、3、4)的被試內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),不僅對(duì)獎(jiǎng)賞與懲罰信息對(duì)背景線索效應(yīng)的影響進(jìn)行了分析,也對(duì)高低不同水平獎(jiǎng)賞信息對(duì)背景線索效應(yīng)的影響進(jìn)行了探討。實(shí)驗(yàn)3采用2(場(chǎng)景類型:重復(fù)場(chǎng)景、新穎場(chǎng)景)×2(啟動(dòng)類型:獎(jiǎng)賞啟動(dòng)、無獎(jiǎng)賞啟動(dòng))×4(epoch:1、2、3、4)的被試內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),對(duì)獎(jiǎng)賞啟動(dòng)與背景線索效應(yīng)的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了探討。得到以下結(jié)論:1.被試可以利用背景線索信息來促進(jìn)視覺搜索,可以利用情景信息引導(dǎo)視覺注意,將被試的注意更好的引導(dǎo)向目標(biāo)位置,背景線索可以促進(jìn)視覺搜索。因此,可以證明背景線索效應(yīng)存在。2.背景線索效應(yīng)的學(xué)習(xí)具有內(nèi)隱性質(zhì)。也就是說,被試不知道場(chǎng)景信息的重復(fù),卻可以利用重復(fù)信息進(jìn)行視覺搜索。3.與場(chǎng)景相關(guān)的獎(jiǎng)賞信息對(duì)背景線索效應(yīng)有調(diào)節(jié)作用,存在高水平獎(jiǎng)賞對(duì)背景線索效應(yīng)的影響大于低水平獎(jiǎng)賞的趨勢(shì),兩者的差異邊緣顯著;懲罰信息同樣可以引導(dǎo)被試的注意,提高背景線索效應(yīng)。4.在視覺搜索實(shí)驗(yàn)范式下,無論是否加入獎(jiǎng)賞啟動(dòng),均會(huì)存在背景線索效應(yīng),但是,獎(jiǎng)賞啟動(dòng)對(duì)背景線索效應(yīng)具有調(diào)節(jié)作用,可以提高背景線索對(duì)視覺搜索的影響,增強(qiáng)目標(biāo)搜索的效率。
[Abstract]:In the daily work, study and life, we have to accept a lot of information, but there is a lot of information is not what we need.The ability of human visual processing system is limited, so how to select the key information from the information and improve the efficiency of visual search becomes very important.A large number of studies have shown that background cues can be used to promote visual search, which is contextual cuing effectof contextual cues.In addition, rewards can lead attention to target faster, affect the efficiency of visual search, improve attention, and promote visual search.There have been a lot of studies on the relationship between reward and visual search, and it has been found that reward can promote visual search. However, there are few studies on the relationship between reward and background clue effect.Even so, only research suggests a relationship between reward information and contextual cues.Based on this, this study proposed its own experimental design, as follows: in experiment 1, the basic information of background cues effect was discussed, and 2 (scene types: repeated scenes, novel scenes) 脳 4 epoch: 1 / 2 / 3 / 4) were used.Verify the results of previous studies, and for the next study to pave the way.Experiment 2 was designed by using 2 (scene type: repeat scene, novel scene) 脳 4 (reward type: high reward 10, low reward 5, no reward 0, penalty 5) 脳 4 epoch1 / 2 / 3 / 4). Not only the effect of reward and punishment information on background clue effect was analyzed, but also the effect of reward and punishment information on the background clue effect was analyzed.The influence of different levels of reward information on the effect of background cues is also discussed.Experiment 3 was designed by using 2 (scene type: repeat scene, novel scene) 脳 2 (priming type: reward priming, no reward priming) 脳 4 epoch: 1 / 2 / 3 / 4). The relationship between reward priming and background clue effect was discussed.Get the following conclusion: 1.Subjects can use background cues to promote visual search, can use situational information to guide visual attention, the participants can better guide the attention to the target position, background clues can promote visual search.Therefore, it can be proved that the background cues effect exists. 2.The learning of background cues is implicit.That is to say, the participants do not know the repetition of scene information, but can use the repeated information for visual search. 3.The reward information related to scene can regulate the effect of background cues, and there is a tendency that the effect of high level reward on background clue effect is greater than that of low level reward, and the difference margin between them is significant. The punishment information can also lead the participants to pay attention.Enhance the background cues effect. 4.In the visual search experiment paradigm, whether or not the reward priming is added, there will be a background clue effect. However, the reward priming can regulate the background clue effect, which can improve the influence of the background cues on the visual search.Increases the efficiency of target search.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842.3

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本文編號(hào)：1748824