本文選題：想象接觸　切入點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)實(shí)威脅　出處：《四川師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在一個資源有限的社會環(huán)境中,兩個群體為了自身的生存、發(fā)展會展開競爭,當(dāng)一個群體嚴(yán)重阻礙到另一群體達(dá)成自我目標(biāo)時,群際威脅感就產(chǎn)生了。群際威脅被認(rèn)為是導(dǎo)致群際威脅和阻礙和平的一個主要原因。當(dāng)內(nèi)群體成員感受到群際威脅時會產(chǎn)生一系列消極的情緒、認(rèn)知和行為反應(yīng),從而加劇群際沖突。張ZM等人在整合現(xiàn)有的群際威脅理論后將其劃分為三類:現(xiàn)實(shí)威脅、文化威脅、認(rèn)同威脅。如何減少群際威脅帶來的負(fù)面影響一直是心理學(xué)家和社會學(xué)家關(guān)注的問題。在眾多改善群際關(guān)系的策略里面,群際接觸一直是十分有效的方法,想象群際接觸作為最新的群際接觸理論為高度隔絕社會環(huán)境下的群際接觸提供了新思路�，F(xiàn)有研究表明想象接觸能夠顯著減少以優(yōu)勢群體為內(nèi)群體的群際偏見、改善群際態(tài)度、增加群際接觸意愿和減少群際威脅感。但是想象接觸對減少以弱勢群體為內(nèi)群體的三類群際威脅感是否仍有效?自我表露在其中起到什么作用呢?本實(shí)驗將設(shè)置三個實(shí)驗進(jìn)行探討。實(shí)驗一主要探討想象接觸能否顯著減少現(xiàn)實(shí)威脅感。本實(shí)驗采用單因素被試間設(shè)計,自變量分為想象接觸和一般想象兩個水平,將四川師范大學(xué)應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生設(shè)置為內(nèi)群體,其他高校來成都就業(yè)學(xué)生為外群體,測量被試的現(xiàn)實(shí)威脅感水平和自我表露程度。實(shí)驗結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):想象接觸對減少現(xiàn)實(shí)威脅感有顯著效果;自我表露在想象接觸顯著減少文化威脅感之中起到中介作用。實(shí)驗二探討想象接觸能否顯著減少文化威脅感。本實(shí)驗采用單因素被試間設(shè)計,自變量分為想象接觸和一般想象兩個水平,以持傳統(tǒng)婚戀的50歲以上人群為內(nèi)群體,以持開放婚戀觀的20歲以上適婚青年人群為外群體,測量被試的文化威脅感和自我表露度。實(shí)驗結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):積極想象接觸能夠顯著減少文化威脅感;自我表露在想象接觸顯著減少文化威脅感之中起到中介作用。實(shí)驗三主要探討想象接觸能否顯著減少認(rèn)同威脅感。本實(shí)驗采用單因素被試間設(shè)計,自變量分為想象接觸和一般想象兩個水平,以對尋求心理咨詢有被污名化擔(dān)憂的大學(xué)生為內(nèi)群體,普通人群為目標(biāo)外群體,測量被試的認(rèn)同威脅感和自我表露度。實(shí)驗結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):想象接觸能夠顯著減少認(rèn)同威脅感;自我表露在想象接觸和認(rèn)同威脅感之間起中介作用。
[Abstract]:In a social environment with limited resources, two groups compete for their own survival and development. When one group seriously hinders another group from reaching its self-goal, a sense of inter-group threat arises.Inter-group threats are considered to be a major cause of inter-group threats and obstacles to peace.A series of negative emotional, cognitive and behavioral responses will be produced when the group members feel the inter-group threat, thus exacerbating the inter-group conflict.After integrating the existing theory of inter-group threat, Zhang ZM and others classified it into three categories: realistic threat, cultural threat and identity threat.How to reduce the negative effects of inter-group threats has been the focus of psychologists and sociologists.Among the strategies to improve inter-group relations, inter-group contact has always been a very effective method. As the latest theory of inter-group contact, inter-group contact provides a new way of thinking for the highly isolated social environment.Current studies have shown that imaginary exposure can significantly reduce inter-group bias, improve inter-group attitudes, increase inter-group engagement willingness and reduce inter-group threat.But is imaginary exposure still effective in reducing the perception of three intergroup threats, with vulnerable groups as the inner group?What role does self-disclosure play in it?Three experiments will be set up in this experiment.Experiment one mainly discusses whether imaginative contact can significantly reduce the sense of realistic threat.This experiment adopts the single factor design between the subjects, the independent variable is divided into the imagination contact and the general imagination two levels, the Sichuan normal University graduates are set as the inner group, the other colleges and universities come to Chengdu to obtain employment the student as the outside group,The level of realistic threat and the degree of self-disclosure were measured.The experimental results show that imaginary contact has a significant effect on reducing the sense of realistic threat, and self-disclosure plays an intermediary role in reducing the sense of cultural threat.Experiment two explores whether imaginative exposure can significantly reduce the sense of cultural threat.The subjects' sense of cultural threat and degree of self-disclosure were measured.The results show that positive imaginary contact can significantly reduce the sense of cultural threat, and self-disclosure plays an intermediary role in reducing the sense of cultural threat.Experiment three mainly discusses whether imaginative contact can significantly reduce the sense of identity threat.This experiment adopts the design of single factor subjects, the independent variable is divided into two levels: imagination contact and general imagination. The college students who are worried about being stigmatized in seeking psychological counseling are the inner group and the general population as the target and exterior group.The participants' sense of identity, threat and self-disclosure were measured.The experimental results show that imaginary exposure can significantly reduce the sense of identity threat, and self-disclosure plays an intermediary role between imaginary contact and identity threat.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B848

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