本文選題：關(guān)系親密度　切入點(diǎn)：刻板印象一致信息　出處：《心理科學(xué)》2017年04期

【摘要】：刻板印象信息常借助人際關(guān)系鏈得以溝通和傳遞。而溝通是一種社會(huì)情境活動(dòng),故人們對(duì)信息的溝通和傳遞依賴于溝通的社會(huì)背景,關(guān)系親密度是其中的一個(gè)重要因素。關(guān)系親密度指的是溝通者間相互依賴和了解的程度,以自我包含他人量表得分作為判斷指標(biāo)。本研究的目的即為擴(kuò)展已有的刻板印象溝通研究,采用Ruscher等人提出的二人對(duì)話范式,通過兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)探索關(guān)系親密度如何影響人們?cè)谡勗掃^程中對(duì)刻板印象相關(guān)信息的溝通和傳遞。實(shí)驗(yàn)1中的關(guān)系親密度由自然存在模式建構(gòu),共32對(duì)同性別被試參與;實(shí)驗(yàn)2中的關(guān)系親密度由RCIT三階段自我表露任務(wù)實(shí)驗(yàn)室誘發(fā)模式建構(gòu),共38對(duì)同性別被試參與。所用的溝通材料均為Klein等人編制的刻板印象信息故事,并使用自我包含他人量表檢核關(guān)系親密度。實(shí)驗(yàn)均為2×2×2三因素混合設(shè)計(jì),其中,關(guān)系親密度(陌生人和朋友)為被試間因素,刻板印象信息的一致性(刻板印象一致信息與刻板印象不一致信息)和故事情節(jié)的核心性(核心和次要)為被試內(nèi)因素。在實(shí)驗(yàn)1中,三因素方差分析的結(jié)果顯示,刻板印象信息的一致性主效應(yīng)顯著,核心性主效應(yīng)顯著,刻板印象信息的一致性和關(guān)系親密度的交互作用顯著。在陌生人關(guān)系條件下,被試傳遞的刻板印象一致信息顯著多于不一致信息;而在朋友關(guān)系條件下,被試并沒有顯示出這種刻板印象一致性偏差,反而傳遞了稍多的刻板印象不一致信息。在實(shí)驗(yàn)2中,三因素方差分析的結(jié)果顯示,刻板印象信息的一致性主效應(yīng)邊緣顯著,核心性主效應(yīng)顯著,刻板印象信息的一致性和關(guān)系親密度的交互作用顯著。在陌生人關(guān)系條件下,被試傳遞的刻板印象一致信息顯著多于不一致信息;而在朋友關(guān)系條件下,被試并沒有顯示出刻板印象一致性偏差,反而傳遞了稍多的刻板印象不一致信息。因此,可以認(rèn)為人們傾向于向陌生人傳遞顯著更多的刻板印象一致信息,而向朋友則未顯示出這種特點(diǎn)。談話中,關(guān)系親密度影響刻板印象信息的溝通和傳遞。
[Abstract]:Stereotype information is often communicated and transmitted with the help of interpersonal relationships.Communication is a kind of social situational activity, so people's communication and transmission of information depend on the social background of communication, and intimacy is one of the important factors.Relationship affinity refers to the degree of interdependence and understanding among communicators.The purpose of this study is to extend the existing research on stereotype communication by using the two-person dialogue paradigm proposed by Ruscher et al.Two experiments were conducted to explore how relationship affinity affects the communication and transmission of stereotypical information during conversation.In experiment 1, the relationship affinity was constructed by the natural existence model, 32 pairs of same-sex participants participated, and in experiment 2, the relationship affinity was constructed by the laboratory-induced model of RCIT three-stage self-disclosure task, and 38 pairs of same-sex subjects participated in the experiment.The communication materials were all stereotypical information stories compiled by Klein et al. And self-inclusion others scale was used to check the relationship affinity.The experiments were all designed with 2 脳 2 脳 2 three factors, in which the relative affinity (strangers and friends) was the factor among the subjects.Consistency of stereotype information (consistent information of stereotype and inconsistent information of stereotype) and core of story plot (core and secondary) are the factors within the subjects.In experiment 1, the results of variance analysis of three factors showed that the consistency of stereotype information was significant, the core effect was significant, and the interaction between stereotype information and relationship affinity was significant.Under the condition of stranger relationship, the consistent information of stereotype was significantly more than that of inconsistent information, but under the condition of friend relationship, the consistency deviation of stereotype was not shown.On the contrary, it conveys a little more information about the inconsistency of stereotype.In experiment 2, the results of variance analysis of three factors showed that the consistency of stereotype information was significant at the edge of the main effect, the core effect was significant, and the interaction between stereotype information and relationship affinity was significant.Under the condition of stranger relationship, the consistent information of stereotype was significantly more than that of inconsistent information, while under the condition of friend relationship, the subjects did not show the deviation of stereotype consistency.On the contrary, it conveys a little more information about the inconsistency of stereotype.Therefore, people tend to convey significantly more stereotypical and consistent messages to strangers, but not to friends.In conversation, relationship affinity affects the communication and transmission of stereotypical information.
【作者單位】： 西南大學(xué)心理學(xué)部;
【基金】：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371055) Humanities and Social Science Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(14SKB08)
【分類號(hào)】：B842

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