本文選題：中學(xué)生　切入點(diǎn)：自我意識(shí)　出處：《西華師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：中學(xué)生擁有良好的心理健康水平是他們適應(yīng)不斷變化的社會(huì)環(huán)境的重要條件,國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)外眾多學(xué)者的研究都提示中學(xué)生的心理健康狀況不太理想,患病率不斷增加,并且心理疾病的嚴(yán)重程度越來(lái)越惡劣。心理問(wèn)題的產(chǎn)生是生理原因、心理原因和社會(huì)原因三方面共同影響的結(jié)果,治療起來(lái)比較困難,所以預(yù)防是最佳的治療手段。本文以初一至高一四個(gè)年級(jí)的中學(xué)生為研究對(duì)象,主要探討自我意識(shí)對(duì)心理健康的影響及自我意識(shí)中哪些維度對(duì)中學(xué)生心理健康產(chǎn)生的影響最顯著,并且探討性別、城鄉(xiāng)等因素對(duì)自我意識(shí)和心理健康的影響,最后提出了培養(yǎng)中學(xué)生積極的自我意識(shí)來(lái)改善心理健康狀況的一些建議,希望能有助于提高教育者和家長(zhǎng)們對(duì)中學(xué)生心理健康的重視。本文用PHCSS和SCL-90對(duì)重慶市酉陽(yáng)縣一所普通中學(xué)校初一至高一年級(jí)的511名中學(xué)生實(shí)施調(diào)查,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):1.中學(xué)生自我意識(shí)的年級(jí)差異具有顯著性,自我意識(shí)隨著中學(xué)生年級(jí)的逐步增加而不斷變化。具體說(shuō)來(lái),初一到初三逐漸下降,自我意識(shí)最低點(diǎn)在初三年級(jí),高一對(duì)比初三有所回升。自我意識(shí)總體上來(lái)說(shuō)沒(méi)有顯著的性別差異,城市中學(xué)生與農(nóng)村中學(xué)生相比,總體上也不存在顯著性差異。2.中學(xué)生心理健康的性別差異顯著,總體來(lái)看中學(xué)男生比女生心理健康狀況要好得多。中學(xué)生的心理健康有顯著的年級(jí)差異,其變化趨勢(shì)與自我意識(shí)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)相似,從初一到初三中學(xué)生的心理健康水平不斷下降,高一學(xué)生的心理健康水平較初三有所提升。初三是中學(xué)生心理問(wèn)題最嚴(yán)重的階段。生源地不同的中學(xué)生在心理健康水平上的差異不具統(tǒng)計(jì)意義。3.自我意識(shí)與心理健康存在顯著的負(fù)相關(guān),表現(xiàn)為一個(gè)學(xué)生如果自我意識(shí)發(fā)展水平越高,其心理健康量表的得分會(huì)越低,證明該學(xué)生的心理健康水平越高。自我意識(shí)的焦慮維度對(duì)心理健康水平的預(yù)測(cè)作用較大,其次是幸福與滿足,再次是合群維度。自我意識(shí)的焦慮維度對(duì)心理健康的各個(gè)因子都具有較高的預(yù)測(cè)作用;幸福與滿足維度對(duì)軀體化、人際關(guān)系敏感、抑郁、精神病性等等維度的預(yù)測(cè)作用相對(duì)較大。合群維度對(duì)心理健康的總分、偏執(zhí)和精神病性等維度的預(yù)測(cè)效果較好。在論文的最后部分,根據(jù)研究結(jié)論向廣大教育者及家長(zhǎng)們提出了幾點(diǎn)建議:如加強(qiáng)中學(xué)女生心理健康教育,重視初三學(xué)生的心理健康教育,注意對(duì)中學(xué)男生的行為引導(dǎo)和培養(yǎng)中學(xué)生的自我教育,確保其心理健康。
[Abstract]:High school students have a good level of mental health is an important condition for them to adapt to the changing social environment. Many scholars at home and abroad have pointed out that the mental health status of middle school students is not ideal and the prevalence rate is increasing.And the severity of mental illness is getting worse and worse.The emergence of psychological problems is the result of the joint effects of physiological, psychological and social reasons, so prevention is the best treatment method.This paper mainly discusses the influence of self-consciousness on mental health and which dimensions of self-consciousness have the most significant influence on the mental health of middle school students.The influence of urban and rural factors on self-awareness and mental health. Finally, some suggestions on how to improve mental health status by cultivating positive self-awareness of middle school students are put forward.Hope to help educators and parents to pay attention to the mental health of middle school students.In this paper, PHCSS and SCL-90 were used to investigate 511 middle school students from grade one to grade one in a general middle school in Youyang County, Chongqing. The results showed that: 1.The grade difference of middle school students' self-consciousness is significant, and self-consciousness changes with the increase of middle school students' grade.Specifically, the first and third grade gradually decline, the lowest self-awareness in the third grade, the first year compared with the third grade rebounded.There is no significant gender difference between urban middle school students and rural middle school students, and there is no significant difference between urban middle school students and rural middle school students.The gender difference in mental health of middle school students is significant. Generally speaking, the mental health status of middle school boys is much better than that of girls.There is significant grade difference in mental health of middle school students, and its changing trend is similar to the development trend of self-consciousness. The level of mental health of middle school students from the first to the third year of junior high school is declining continuously, and the mental health level of the first grade students of senior high school is higher than that of the third grade.The third grade is the most serious stage of middle school students' psychological problems.The difference of mental health level of middle school students from different places has no statistical significance. 3.There is a significant negative correlation between self-consciousness and mental health. The higher the level of self-awareness development, the lower the score of mental health scale, which proves that the students' mental health level is higher.The anxiety dimension of self-consciousness plays an important role in predicting the level of mental health, followed by happiness and satisfaction, and then group-like dimension.The anxiety dimension of self-consciousness has a high predictive effect on each factor of mental health, and the dimension of happiness and satisfaction has a relatively greater predictive effect on the dimensions of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, psychosis and so on.The total score of mental health, paranoid ideation and psychosis were predicted well by group dimension.In the last part of the paper, according to the conclusion of the study, some suggestions are put forward to the educators and parents: strengthening the mental health education of middle school girls and paying attention to the mental health education of the junior high school students.Attention should be paid to the behavior guidance and self-education of middle school boys to ensure their mental health.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B844.2

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