本文選題：完美主義傾向　切入點：時間距離　出處：《河北師范大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：后悔是我們日常生活中經常體驗到的負性情緒之一，每個人在生活中都或多或少地體驗到后悔，后悔小則影響我們的心情，大則擾亂我們的正常生活。完美主義傾向較高的個體往往在生活中對自己各方面的要求都比較嚴格，一旦事件的發(fā)展結果沒有達到自己預期的目標就更加容易自責，產生強烈的后悔情緒。研究表明完美主義傾向水平不同的個體體驗到的后悔程度不同，完美主義傾向高的個體后悔情緒更強，不同的時間距離和可控性條件下，個體的后悔程度也存在差異。沿著上述研究思路，本文從時間距離和可控性（也就是指個體事前對事件具不具有控制權，，個體是主動選擇還是被動接受了之后的結果，分為主動性和被動性兩極對個體后悔情緒的影響）兩個方面探討完美主義傾向不同的個體的后悔情緒的差異。本研究采用三因素混合實驗設計和傳統(tǒng)研究后悔的情景模擬法，研究結果如下： 1、后悔情緒受個體完美主義傾向特質的影響，完美主義傾向高的個體在遇到了不滿意的結果時后悔程度更加強烈，而完美主義傾向低的個體的后悔情緒體驗則沒有那么強烈。 2、不同時間距離影響個體體驗到的后悔情緒存在差異，近期時間距離條件下被試體驗到的后悔程度更加強烈。 3、主動性條件和被動性條件對被試接受到不滿意結果時的后悔情緒體驗的影響存在顯著差異，被試在主動性的條件下也就是被試在事先可以控制、能自己做出選擇的情況下體驗到的后悔情緒更加強烈。 4、完美主義傾向與時間距離存在交互作用，完美主義傾向高的個體，時間距離對個體后悔情緒的影響存在顯著差異，近期時間距離條件下個體體驗到的后悔情緒程度更大；完美主義傾向低的個體，時間距離對個體后悔情緒的影響不存在顯著差異。遠期時間距離條件下，完美主義傾向高低對后悔情緒的體驗影響不存在顯著差異；近期時間距離條件下，完美主義傾向高低對其體驗到后悔程度的影響存在差異，完美主義傾向高的個體體驗到的后悔情緒更加強烈。 5、時間距離與可控性條件存在交互作用，在遠期時間距離條件下，可控性對個體體驗到的后悔情緒的影響存在顯著差異，主動性條件下被試體驗到的后悔程度更加強烈；在近期時間距離條件下，主動性和被動性對個體體驗到的后悔情緒的影響沒有差異。被動選擇條件與主動選擇條件相比，遠期和近期時間距離所引起的后悔情緒差異要更為明顯。
[Abstract]:It is one of the negative emotions that often experience in our daily life, in the life of every person are more or less experienced regret, regret will affect our mood, will disturb our normal life. The perfectionism tendency of higher individuals in the life of the self in all aspects of the requirements are very strict, once the development of events results did not achieve their expected goals will be much easier to blame, have a strong feeling of regret. The research showed that the degree of regret perfectionism, different levels of the individual to experience different perfectionism tendency of individuals with high regret stronger, different time distance and controllable conditions, regret degree of individual differences. Along the above research, this paper from the time distance and controllability (also refers to the individual prior to event does not have control, the individual is active or be selected Accept after the results into effect of active and passive poles of individual emotional difference regret regret) two aspects of perfectionism of different individual emotions. This study used three factors mixed experimental design and Research on traditional regret scene simulation method, the results are as follows:
1, regret is influenced by the trait of individual perfectionism. The individuals with perfectionism tend to have more regret when they are not satisfied with the results, while those with low perfectionism tend to have less intense experience.
2, there are different regrets affecting individual experiences at different time distances, and the degree of regrets experienced by the subjects under the conditions of short time distance is more intense.
3, active and passive conditions conditions on the subjects received unsatisfactory results when the impact of regret the emotional experience of the existence of significant differences, participants in the initiative under the condition of being in advance can be controlled, can choose their own circumstances to experience regret more strongly.
4, the interaction between perfectionism and time distance, perfectionism tendency of individuals with high time distance regret influence on individual differences, the near temporal distance under the condition of individual experience to regret more; a low perfectionism, regret the time distance effect on individual differences did not exist. Long time distance, perfectionism level of regret experience effect does not exist significant differences; the near temporal distance under the condition of perfectionism level of its experience to regret the influence of differences in individuals with high perfectionism tendency to experience regret more strongly.
5, the interaction between time and distance controllable condition in time under the condition of long-term distance, controllability of the individual to experience regret the emotional impact of the existence of significant differences, the initiative condition was regret to experience more intense; in the near temporal distance condition, active and passive on individual experience regret does not affect the difference. Compared with the active passive choice condition choose the conditions caused by long-term and short-term time distance to regret the difference is more obvious.

【學位授予單位】：河北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842

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