本文選題：狀態(tài)反芻　切入點：特質(zhì)反芻　出處：《華中師范大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：反芻是一種認知加工策略,是個體將注意力聚焦于自己的情緒狀態(tài)的認知或行為過程,它會抑制個體采取行動將自己從消極情緒中擺脫出來,并且抑制了那些可以糾正或發(fā)現(xiàn)問題的行為,最終導致個體發(fā)展為抑郁。 研究者(Nolen-Hoeksema,1987)認為反芻是抑郁的認知易感性特質(zhì),并進行了一系列有影響力的研究。發(fā)現(xiàn)反芻不僅可以預測抑郁,還會加重個體的抑郁情緒、延長抑郁的恢復時間,增加復發(fā)的可能性。近年來,對反芻的作用機制的大量研究發(fā)現(xiàn),反芻起著認知催化的作用,反芻和一系列易感性特質(zhì)的交互作用影響抑郁的發(fā)展。本研究欲檢驗反芻與負性認知對抑郁情緒的影響,探究反芻的認知催化機制。 研究一欲檢驗在實驗室誘導的狀態(tài)反芻條件下,反芻和負性認知水平(自尊水平、歸因風格、功能失調(diào)性態(tài)度)對抑郁情緒的影響以及反芻的認知催化效應。通過設計實驗情境,要求被試觀看引發(fā)悲傷情緒的影片,之后分別將被試誘導為反芻和分心兩種狀態(tài),結果發(fā)現(xiàn)反芻組個體比分心組個體的抑郁情緒更嚴重；與負性認知水平低的個體相比,反芻更能預測負性認知水平高的個體抑郁情緒的改變。 研究二欲檢驗自然條件下,被試的特質(zhì)反芻與負性認知水平(自尊水平、歸因風格、功能失調(diào)性態(tài)度)對抑郁情緒的影響以及反芻的催化效應。采用無任務延遲范式(no-task delay),在被試觀看引發(fā)悲傷情緒的影片后,告知被試接下來的任務因為某種原因被延遲,使被試發(fā)生自然反芻,結果發(fā)現(xiàn)反芻和歸因風格的交互作用預測了被試抑郁情緒的改變。 結論：無論是實驗室的狀態(tài)反芻還是自然發(fā)生的特質(zhì)反芻,反芻在負性認知對抑郁情緒的影響中起催化作用,反芻通過催化機制放大了負性認知對抑郁的影響。
[Abstract]:Ruminant is a cognitive processing strategy, a cognitive or behavioral process in which individuals focus their attention on their emotional state. It inhibits individuals from taking action to extricate themselves from negative emotions. It suppresses behaviors that can correct or detect problems, leading to individual depression. Researchers Nolen-Hoeksema (1987) concluded that ruminant is the cognitive susceptibility to depression, and conducted a series of influential studies. It was found that ruminant not only can predict depression, but also aggravate individual depression and prolong the recovery time of depression. In recent years, a large number of studies on the mechanism of ruminant have found that ruminating plays a cognitive catalytic role. The interaction of ruminant and a series of susceptible traits affects the development of depression. This study aims to examine the effects of ruminant and negative cognition on depression and explore the cognitive catalytic mechanism of ruminant. To test the level of ruminant and negative cognition (self-esteem level, attribution style) under the condition of laboratory induced ruminant, The effect of dysfunctional attitude on depression and cognitive catalytic effect of ruminant. By designing experimental situations, subjects were asked to watch films that triggered sadness, and then the subjects were induced to regurgitate and distraction, respectively. The results showed that the depression was more serious in the ruminant group than in the ruminant group, and the ruminant could predict the change of the depression emotion in the individuals with high negative cognitive level compared with the individuals with low negative cognitive level. The second study was to test the trait regurgitation and negative cognitive level (self-esteem level, attribution style) of the subjects under natural conditions. The effects of dysfunctional attitudes on depression and the catalytic effect of ruminating. Using the no-task delay-free paradigm, participants were told that their next task was delayed for some reason after watching a film that triggered sadness. The results showed that the interaction between ruminant and attribution style predicted the change of depression. Conclusion: both laboratory ruminant and spontaneous trait ruminant play a catalytic role in the influence of negative cognition on depression. Ruminant amplifies the effect of negative cognition on depression through catalytic mechanism.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.1

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