本文選題：社會排斥　切入點：拒絕　出處：《寧波大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：社會排斥是一種常見的負性生活事件，大量研究證實其可能對人們的身心造成一定影響。但就其對情緒產(chǎn)生何種影響，由何種原因?qū)е�，研究結(jié)果并不一致。本研究選取了最常見的兩類社會排斥情境：拒絕和放逐，進行比較研究，并設(shè)計了三個情境誘導下的情緒實驗研究。研究1采用情緒自我報告法與情緒內(nèi)隱態(tài)度測量法，觀測不同社會排斥情境下個體情緒喚起的差異；研究2針對研究1結(jié)果，設(shè)計了情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略的內(nèi)隱態(tài)度改變程序(閾下EC技術(shù))，要求在社會排斥后運用特定策略進行情緒調(diào)節(jié)，觀測效果的變化；研究3采用ER-IAT范式，觀測社會排斥情境下個體自動化情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略的傾向性，即推斷是否因為個體在特定情境下由于決策的傾向性不同，造成情緒調(diào)節(jié)效果的不同，并采用回歸分析的方法構(gòu)建社會排斥情境下個體情緒調(diào)節(jié)的心理模型。 結(jié)果顯示，(1)放逐組被試外顯情緒與情緒內(nèi)隱態(tài)度一致，均為負面情緒；拒絕組被試外顯報告消極，情緒內(nèi)隱態(tài)度表現(xiàn)為在積極圖片上出現(xiàn)注意瞬脫效應，呈現(xiàn)情緒解離現(xiàn)象；(2)放逐組在使用表達抑制策略時情緒調(diào)節(jié)效果好于使用認知重評(不顯著)，拒絕組在使用認知重評時情緒調(diào)節(jié)效果好于表達抑制(顯著)；拒絕組使用認知重評策略的情緒調(diào)節(jié)效果優(yōu)于放逐組(顯著)，放逐組使用表達抑制情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略優(yōu)于拒絕組(但不顯著)；(3)控制調(diào)節(jié)策略后，拒絕組調(diào)節(jié)效果整體優(yōu)于放逐組；(4)放逐組在自動化情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略中傾向于使用表達抑制策略，拒絕組傾向使用認知重評策略，拒絕組可能通過觀察積極圖片等自動化認知重評策略調(diào)節(jié)情緒，效果較好；(5)情境因素和自動化情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略均可以有效預測情緒調(diào)節(jié)效果，且自動化情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略是社會排斥在預測情緒調(diào)節(jié)效果時的中介因子。 這些結(jié)果表明，，社會排斥下個體情緒調(diào)節(jié)效果的差異性既與情境有關(guān)，又與個體情緒調(diào)節(jié)策略的選取有關(guān)。心理咨詢中應當更關(guān)注被放逐個體，并可啟發(fā)面對不同情境的個體采用特定的調(diào)節(jié)策略。
[Abstract]:Social exclusion is a common negative life event, and a great deal of research has confirmed that it may have a certain effect on people's body and mind. The results of this study were not consistent. This study selected the two most common social exclusion situations: rejection and exile, and carried out a comparative study. Three situational induced emotional experiments were designed. In study 1, the differences of individual emotional arousal in different social exclusion situations were observed by using the emotional self-report method and the implicit emotional attitude measurement method. The implicit attitude change program of emotion regulation strategy (subthreshold EC technique) is designed, which requires the use of specific strategies to regulate emotion after social exclusion. Observing the tendency of individual automatic emotion regulation strategy in social exclusion situation, that is, inferring whether the individual has different effect of emotion regulation because of the different tendency of decision making in a particular situation. The psychological model of individual emotion regulation under social exclusion was constructed by regression analysis. The results showed that the explicit emotion and the implicit attitude of emotion in the exiled group were consistent with those in the control group, and the negative emotion was found in the negative group, and the implicit attitude of emotion in the rejection group was reflected in the instant attention effect on the positive picture. The effect of emotion regulation in the exile group was better than that in the cognitive reappraisal group (no significant, the emotion regulation effect in the rejection group was better than that in the expression inhibition group (P < 0.05). The effect of emotion regulation using cognitive reappraisal strategy was better than that of exile group (significant). After the exile group used the expression inhibition emotion regulation strategy better than the rejection group (but not significant), the control regulation strategy was better than that of the control group. The control effect of rejection group was better than that of banishing group 4) in the automatic emotion regulation strategy, the rejection group tended to use expression inhibition strategy, while the rejection group tended to use cognitive reappraisal strategy. The rejection group could effectively predict the effect of emotion regulation by observing automatic cognitive reassessment strategies, such as positive pictures, and the effect was better than that of situational factors and automatic emotion regulation strategies. And the automatic emotion regulation strategy is the intermediary factor of social exclusion in predicting the effect of emotion regulation. These results indicate that the difference of individual emotion regulation effect under social exclusion is related to both the situation and the choice of individual emotion regulation strategy. And it can inspire individuals to adopt specific adjustment strategies in different situations.
【學位授予單位】：寧波大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.6

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