本文關(guān)鍵詞： 抑郁 心理地位 注意偏向　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：抑郁是一種常見的心境異常低落、不愉快的負(fù)性情緒,會對個體的學(xué)習(xí)、工作、生活產(chǎn)生消極的影響,長期處于抑郁狀態(tài),甚至?xí)䦟?dǎo)致心理障礙的發(fā)生。抑郁已經(jīng)成為21世紀(jì)影響人類身心健康的主要危險因素。聯(lián)合國衛(wèi)生組織預(yù)測,到2020年抑郁將成為全世界導(dǎo)致死亡和殘疾的第二大致病因素(戴琴,馮正直,2008)。影響范圍廣泛、居高不下的發(fā)病率和復(fù)發(fā)率,這些特點促使醫(yī)學(xué)界和心理學(xué)界的學(xué)者們對抑郁給予了較多的關(guān)注,探討抑郁的發(fā)病原因以及影響因素成為了當(dāng)前心理學(xué)和精神病學(xué)的研究熱點。 心理地位是一個人對自己和他人的基本信念,是個體為了維護(hù)自己根據(jù)早期體驗所作的判斷而采取的一種簡單而絕對的早期決定,包含“我好、你好”“我好、你不好”“我不好、你好”“我不好、你不好”這四種基本類型。心理地位作為溝通心理理論中的一個因素,很少有關(guān)于其的實證研究,特別是在國內(nèi)。 以往關(guān)于心理地位與抑郁的關(guān)系研究大多是純理論的闡述,少量的實證研究結(jié)論也是零散而缺乏統(tǒng)一性的,并且基本上是國外研究。本文旨在采用實證研究的方法,將問卷調(diào)查與認(rèn)知行為實驗相結(jié)合,探討心理地位與抑郁的關(guān)系,一方面為我們理解抑郁提供了全新的角度,為抑郁的成因提供了一個全新的視角,對于預(yù)防和治療抑郁也具有一定指導(dǎo)意義,另一方面,彌補(bǔ)了心理地位在國內(nèi)研究的空白,為心理地位的本土化做了有益的探索。 本研究包括兩部分：第一部分,采用問卷調(diào)查,探討心理地位與抑郁的關(guān)系。第二部分,采用線索-靶子實驗范式,探討抑郁的個體是否存在對“我不好、你好”的注意偏向,即對負(fù)性自我概念和積極他人概念的注意偏向?以此來探討抑郁是否是心理地位的可能維持因素。 結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)： 1.心理地位是抑郁的影響因素,“我不好,你好”這一類心理地位與其他的心理地位相比,抑郁得分更高；自我概念對抑郁存在顯著的預(yù)測作用,自我概念越高,抑郁得分越低；自我概念與他人概念差異對抑郁也有顯著預(yù)測作用,自我概念與他人概念比較,值越低,抑郁得分越高。 2.抑郁也對心理地位也有影響作用,抑郁個體對消極自我概念存在注意偏向,更不容易抑制對于負(fù)性自我概念的關(guān)注,這影響了“我不好”信念的維持。
[Abstract]:Depression is a common state of mind with abnormal depression, unpleasant negative emotions that have a negative impact on one's study, work, and life, and are in a state of depression for a long time. It can even lead to psychological disorders. Depression has become a major risk factor for human physical and mental health in 21th century. By 2020, depression will be the second leading cause of death and disability in the world. These characteristics have prompted the medical and psychological scholars to pay more attention to depression, and it has become the focus of psychology and psychiatry to explore the causes and influencing factors of depression. Mental status is a person's basic belief in himself and others. It is a simple and absolute early decision taken by an individual to maintain his judgment based on early experience, including "I'm good, hello", "I'm good." "I am not good, hello" "I am not good, you are not good" these four basic types. As a factor in the theory of communication psychology, there are few empirical studies on it, especially in China. Previous studies on the relationship between psychological status and depression were mostly theoretical, a small number of empirical findings are scattered and lack of unity, and are basically foreign research. By combining questionnaire survey with cognitive behavior experiment, the relationship between psychological status and depression is discussed. On the one hand, it provides us with a new angle of view to understand depression, and provides a new angle of view for the cause of depression. On the other hand, it makes up for the blank in the study of psychological status in China, and makes a beneficial exploration for localization of psychological status. This study consists of two parts: the first part, using questionnaire to explore the relationship between psychological status and depression. The second part, using the cue-target experimental paradigm, to explore whether the individual depression is not good for me, Hello "attention bias, that is, negative self-concept and positive other concept of attention bias?" To explore whether depression is a possible maintenance factor in mental status. It was found that:. 1. Psychological status is the influencing factor of depression, the psychological status of "I'm not good, hello" has higher score of depression than other mental status, self-concept has significant predictive effect on depression, the higher the self-concept, the lower the score of depression; The difference between self-concept and other concept also had a significant predictive effect on depression. The lower the value of self-concept was, the higher the score of depression was. 2. Depression also has an effect on psychological status. Depression individuals have a tendency to pay attention to negative self-concept, and it is not easy to restrain negative self-concept, which affects the maintenance of "I bad" belief.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.6

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