本文關鍵詞： 自由式摔跤運動員 心理技能 心理干預　出處：《陜西師范大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：心理技能訓練在科學訓練中不可或缺,運動員在關鍵比賽中技戰(zhàn)術水平能否正常發(fā)揮在很大程度上依賴于心理技能的協(xié)調能力。為了檢驗心理技能訓練對自由式摔跤運動項目是否具有幫助作用,本文以陜西省重競技體育運動中心國際自由式摔跤隊運動員為被試,采用文獻資料法、觀察法、訪談法、心理量表統(tǒng)計法、生物反饋法、實驗法和數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計法,對其進行心理干預及數(shù)據(jù)收集。對運動員心理技能水平分別進行干預前測和干預后測,以檢測自由式摔跤運動員在心理干預之后,心理技能水平是否得到提高。 本文以國內外有關心理技能及心理干預的相關研究為理論背景,結合國際自由式摔跤運動項目的特點,研究自由式摔跤的心理干預及心理技能理論。研究結果包括國際自由式摔跤運動員的心理技能現(xiàn)狀和心理干預效果兩部分內容。 其一,國際自由式摔跤運動心理技能現(xiàn)狀：①青年期自由式摔跤運動員心理技能水平呈現(xiàn)不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。②青年期男子自由式摔跤運動員處在運動發(fā)展的關鍵時期,來自各方面的壓力導致青年期運動員情緒不穩(wěn)定,自我調節(jié)能力較弱。③青年期男子自由式摔跤運動員集中注意力水平較弱,不具備很好的抗干擾能力,外部環(huán)境極易影響到運動員訓練的正常進行及比賽時能力的發(fā)揮。④自由式摔跤運動員身體疲勞及心理疲勞程度都較高,且心理疲勞更為明顯。長期處在訓練及比賽高壓狀態(tài)下的運動員身心長時間屬于疲勞狀態(tài)之中得不到有效緩解,發(fā)展的不平衡性不利于比賽時技戰(zhàn)術水平的發(fā)揮。 其二,心理干預的方法及過程：利用自由式摔跤運動員的訓練之余時間對其進行放松訓練、提高注意力訓練、表象訓練以及生物反饋訓練。運動員掌握一定的心理技能訓練方法,則能夠調節(jié)其自身的心理技能水平,有利于其在比賽中發(fā)揮出更好的技戰(zhàn)術水平。 其三,國際自由式摔跤運動心理技能干預效果：①進行干預后心理技能水平較干預前有了明顯的提高。干預前及干預后在心理技能的多個維度上都表現(xiàn)出了明顯的差異。②進行心理技能訓練干預后,運動員身體疲勞及心理疲勞程度都得到了一定程度的改善,運動員的訓練狀態(tài)較干預前提升明顯。③不同等級的運動員,在不同的心理技能維度上的干預效果也各不相同,具有明顯的差異性。④對于心理技能訓練及心理干預的效果教練員和運動員都給予了正面的評價。 本研究在理論上對心理技能的研究現(xiàn)狀給予了一定的補充,為心理技能訓練能夠更為廣泛的在專業(yè)運動隊里發(fā)展提供了一定的理論支持。在實踐上對國際自由式摔跤運動項目給予了一定的指導價值,也對陜西省重競技體育運動中心對自由式摔跤運動隊的后期發(fā)展起到了一定的指導作用。
[Abstract]:Psychological training is indispensable in scientific training, athletes can play a normal coordination ability depends largely on the psychological skills in key technical and tactical game level. In order to test whether the psychological skill training in freestyle wrestling sport is helpful, taking Shaanxi Province Sports Center for international freestyle wrestling athletes was try using the method of literature, observation, interview, psychological scale statistics, biological feedback method, experimental method and statistical method, psychological intervention and data collection on the psychological skills of athletes. The level were measured before and after the intervention, intervention measure, in order to detect the freestyle wrestling athletes in the psychological intervention psychological, skill level has been improved.
The related research at home and abroad related to psychological skills and psychological intervention as the theoretical background, combined with the characteristics of international freestyle wrestling sport, of freestyle wrestling psychological intervention and psychological skill theory. The results including the international freestyle wrestling athletes psychological skill effect status and psychological intervention in two parts.
First, the International Wrestling sport psychological skill status: young wrestlers' psychological skill levels showed a steady state. The young men's freestyle wrestling athletes in a critical period of development of the movement, the pressure from various aspects of youth athletes lead to emotional instability, self adjustment ability is weak. The period of youth men's freestyle wrestling athletes concentrate level is weak, do not have very good anti-interference ability, the external environment can easily affect the normal athletes training and the ability to play. The freestyle wrestling athletes physical fatigue and mental fatigue degree is higher, and the mental fatigue is more obvious. In the long-term training and competition pressure under the condition of the athletes' physical and mental fatigue state belongs to a long time without effective relief, the imbalance of the development is not conducive to the competition tactics of water A flat play.
Second, the process and methods of psychological intervention: the relaxation training using the free style wrestling athletes training time, improve attention training, mental training and biofeedback training. Athletes master the training methods of mental skills and are able to adjust the psychological skills of the body, which is conducive to play better. The tactical level in the game.
Third, the effect of International Wrestling sport psychological skills intervention: the intervention of psychological skill level than before the intervention significantly improved. Before and after the intervention in multiple dimensions of psychological skills have shown significant differences. The psychological skills training intervention, physical fatigue and mental fatigue in athletes have a certain degree of improvement, athletes training state than before intervention to improve significantly. The different levels of athletes, intervention effect of psychological skills on different dimensions are different, has obvious difference. 4 for psychological training and psychological intervention effect of coaches and athletes have given a positive evaluation.
In this study, theoretical research status of psychological skills to give a supplement for the psychological skill training can be more widely used in professional sports team development provides certain theoretical support. In the practice of international freestyle wrestling sport to give a certain guidance value, but also to the guiding role of Shaanxi Province Sports Center for free wrestling team late in development.

【學位授予單位】：陜西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：G804.8;B842

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本文編號：1529100