本文關(guān)鍵詞： 自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)員 心理技能 心理干預(yù)　出處：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：心理技能訓(xùn)練在科學(xué)訓(xùn)練中不可或缺,運(yùn)動(dòng)員在關(guān)鍵比賽中技戰(zhàn)術(shù)水平能否正常發(fā)揮在很大程度上依賴于心理技能的協(xié)調(diào)能力。為了檢驗(yàn)心理技能訓(xùn)練對(duì)自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目是否具有幫助作用,本文以陜西省重競(jìng)技體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中心國(guó)際自由式摔跤隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員為被試,采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、觀察法、訪談法、心理量表統(tǒng)計(jì)法、生物反饋法、實(shí)驗(yàn)法和數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)法,對(duì)其進(jìn)行心理干預(yù)及數(shù)據(jù)收集。對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員心理技能水平分別進(jìn)行干預(yù)前測(cè)和干預(yù)后測(cè),以檢測(cè)自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)員在心理干預(yù)之后,心理技能水平是否得到提高。 本文以國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)心理技能及心理干預(yù)的相關(guān)研究為理論背景,結(jié)合國(guó)際自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目的特點(diǎn),研究自由式摔跤的心理干預(yù)及心理技能理論。研究結(jié)果包括國(guó)際自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)員的心理技能現(xiàn)狀和心理干預(yù)效果兩部分內(nèi)容。 其一,國(guó)際自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)心理技能現(xiàn)狀：①青年期自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)員心理技能水平呈現(xiàn)不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。②青年期男子自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)員處在運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,來(lái)自各方面的壓力導(dǎo)致青年期運(yùn)動(dòng)員情緒不穩(wěn)定,自我調(diào)節(jié)能力較弱。③青年期男子自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)員集中注意力水平較弱,不具備很好的抗干擾能力,外部環(huán)境極易影響到運(yùn)動(dòng)員訓(xùn)練的正常進(jìn)行及比賽時(shí)能力的發(fā)揮。④自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)員身體疲勞及心理疲勞程度都較高,且心理疲勞更為明顯。長(zhǎng)期處在訓(xùn)練及比賽高壓狀態(tài)下的運(yùn)動(dòng)員身心長(zhǎng)時(shí)間屬于疲勞狀態(tài)之中得不到有效緩解,發(fā)展的不平衡性不利于比賽時(shí)技戰(zhàn)術(shù)水平的發(fā)揮。 其二,心理干預(yù)的方法及過(guò)程：利用自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)員的訓(xùn)練之余時(shí)間對(duì)其進(jìn)行放松訓(xùn)練、提高注意力訓(xùn)練、表象訓(xùn)練以及生物反饋訓(xùn)練。運(yùn)動(dòng)員掌握一定的心理技能訓(xùn)練方法,則能夠調(diào)節(jié)其自身的心理技能水平,有利于其在比賽中發(fā)揮出更好的技戰(zhàn)術(shù)水平。 其三,國(guó)際自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)心理技能干預(yù)效果：①進(jìn)行干預(yù)后心理技能水平較干預(yù)前有了明顯的提高。干預(yù)前及干預(yù)后在心理技能的多個(gè)維度上都表現(xiàn)出了明顯的差異。②進(jìn)行心理技能訓(xùn)練干預(yù)后,運(yùn)動(dòng)員身體疲勞及心理疲勞程度都得到了一定程度的改善,運(yùn)動(dòng)員的訓(xùn)練狀態(tài)較干預(yù)前提升明顯。③不同等級(jí)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員,在不同的心理技能維度上的干預(yù)效果也各不相同,具有明顯的差異性。④對(duì)于心理技能訓(xùn)練及心理干預(yù)的效果教練員和運(yùn)動(dòng)員都給予了正面的評(píng)價(jià)。 本研究在理論上對(duì)心理技能的研究現(xiàn)狀給予了一定的補(bǔ)充,為心理技能訓(xùn)練能夠更為廣泛的在專業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)里發(fā)展提供了一定的理論支持。在實(shí)踐上對(duì)國(guó)際自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目給予了一定的指導(dǎo)價(jià)值,也對(duì)陜西省重競(jìng)技體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中心對(duì)自由式摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)的后期發(fā)展起到了一定的指導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:Psychological training is indispensable in scientific training, athletes can play a normal coordination ability depends largely on the psychological skills in key technical and tactical game level. In order to test whether the psychological skill training in freestyle wrestling sport is helpful, taking Shaanxi Province Sports Center for international freestyle wrestling athletes was try using the method of literature, observation, interview, psychological scale statistics, biological feedback method, experimental method and statistical method, psychological intervention and data collection on the psychological skills of athletes. The level were measured before and after the intervention, intervention measure, in order to detect the freestyle wrestling athletes in the psychological intervention psychological, skill level has been improved.
The related research at home and abroad related to psychological skills and psychological intervention as the theoretical background, combined with the characteristics of international freestyle wrestling sport, of freestyle wrestling psychological intervention and psychological skill theory. The results including the international freestyle wrestling athletes psychological skill effect status and psychological intervention in two parts.
First, the International Wrestling sport psychological skill status: young wrestlers' psychological skill levels showed a steady state. The young men's freestyle wrestling athletes in a critical period of development of the movement, the pressure from various aspects of youth athletes lead to emotional instability, self adjustment ability is weak. The period of youth men's freestyle wrestling athletes concentrate level is weak, do not have very good anti-interference ability, the external environment can easily affect the normal athletes training and the ability to play. The freestyle wrestling athletes physical fatigue and mental fatigue degree is higher, and the mental fatigue is more obvious. In the long-term training and competition pressure under the condition of the athletes' physical and mental fatigue state belongs to a long time without effective relief, the imbalance of the development is not conducive to the competition tactics of water A flat play.
Second, the process and methods of psychological intervention: the relaxation training using the free style wrestling athletes training time, improve attention training, mental training and biofeedback training. Athletes master the training methods of mental skills and are able to adjust the psychological skills of the body, which is conducive to play better. The tactical level in the game.
Third, the effect of International Wrestling sport psychological skills intervention: the intervention of psychological skill level than before the intervention significantly improved. Before and after the intervention in multiple dimensions of psychological skills have shown significant differences. The psychological skills training intervention, physical fatigue and mental fatigue in athletes have a certain degree of improvement, athletes training state than before intervention to improve significantly. The different levels of athletes, intervention effect of psychological skills on different dimensions are different, has obvious difference. 4 for psychological training and psychological intervention effect of coaches and athletes have given a positive evaluation.
In this study, theoretical research status of psychological skills to give a supplement for the psychological skill training can be more widely used in professional sports team development provides certain theoretical support. In the practice of international freestyle wrestling sport to give a certain guidance value, but also to the guiding role of Shaanxi Province Sports Center for free wrestling team late in development.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：G804.8;B842

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