本文關(guān)鍵詞： 基本顏色詞 詞匯聯(lián)想測(cè)驗(yàn) 語義范疇 啟動(dòng)效應(yīng)　出處：《魯東大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：顏色詞是語言中用來描寫各種事物色彩的詞語，是不可或缺的要素。由于社會(huì)文化背景不同，即使是同一種色彩，不同的民族會(huì)產(chǎn)生不同的聯(lián)想和情感取向。以往的研究多是從文化的角度或者是跨文化的角度對(duì)顏色詞的象征意義進(jìn)行研究，從心理學(xué)的角度對(duì)中國大學(xué)生基本顏色詞語義范疇的研究還很少，所以，本文選取黑色、白色、紅色、黃色、綠色、藍(lán)色、棕色、紫色、粉紅色、橙色和灰色11個(gè)基本顏色詞作為研究對(duì)象，通過詞匯聯(lián)想測(cè)驗(yàn)來構(gòu)建中國大學(xué)生基本顏色詞的語義范疇，并用啟動(dòng)效應(yīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)其進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。使用SPSS16.0對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理，結(jié)果如下：（1）中國大學(xué)生基本顏色詞的語義范疇。其中，紅色的語義范疇主要包括國旗、血、火、太陽、蘋果、玫瑰花、衣服、西紅柿、紅燈和紅牛；黑色的語義范疇主要包括夜晚、衣服、頭發(fā)、黑板、煤、夜空、墨水、黑社會(huì)、死亡和黑心；白色的語義范疇主要包括白云、墻、衣服、雪、醫(yī)生、紙、牛奶、白天和喪事；黃色的語義范疇主要包括菊花、香蕉、橘子、太陽、橙子、衣服、向日葵、電影、黃種人和落葉；藍(lán)色的語義范疇主要包括天空、大海、校服、衣服、海軍和拉薩；綠色的語義范疇主要包括小草、樹葉、樹、綠帽子、森林、草坪、草地、草原、綠色食品和蔬菜；紫色的語義范疇主要包括葡萄、茄子、薰衣草、紫羅蘭、花、紫菜、衣服、紫藥水、炫舞和彩虹；棕色的語義范疇主要包括棕熊、樹皮、咖啡、土、熊大熊二、巧克力、皮鞋、頭發(fā)、眼睛和樹；粉紅色的語義范疇主要包括小花、衣服、女孩、桃花、裙子、粉紅色的回憶、護(hù)士、花瓣、內(nèi)衣和嘴唇；橙色的語義范疇主要包括橙子、橘子、桔子、果汁、橙汁、美年達(dá)、檸檬、水果、飲料和果粒橙；灰色的語義范疇主要包括灰太狼、天空、陰天、水泥、灰色頭像、衣服、小灰灰、咖啡、心情和灰色收入。（2）語義范疇中詞的代表性的主效應(yīng)顯著，F(xiàn)=6.181，，p=0.003，p0.01，基本顏色詞語義范疇中存在啟動(dòng)效應(yīng)，代表性高的詞對(duì)相應(yīng)基本顏色詞啟動(dòng)更快，語義范疇中存在語義距離的遠(yuǎn)近。啟動(dòng)刺激和目標(biāo)刺激的時(shí)間距離SOA主效應(yīng)顯著，F(xiàn)=8.029E3，p=0.000，p0.001，說明了啟動(dòng)刺激漢字詞呈現(xiàn)的時(shí)間影響被試對(duì)目標(biāo)顏色詞的命名。語義范疇中聯(lián)想詞的代表性與SOA的交互作用不顯著，F(xiàn)=1.083，p=0.343，p0.05。研究結(jié)論：大學(xué)生基本顏色詞語義范疇中存在啟動(dòng)效應(yīng)，語義范疇中的詞匯有著不同的代表性，它們與基本顏色詞的語義距離不同，支持了語義范疇理論的原型范疇模型和激活擴(kuò)散理論。
[Abstract]:Color words are the words used to describe the color of all kinds of things in the language, which is an indispensable element. Because of the different social and cultural background, even the same color. Different ethnic groups will produce different associations and emotional orientation. Previous studies are mostly from the perspective of culture or cross-cultural perspective to study the symbolic meaning of color words. From the perspective of psychology, there are few researches on the category of basic color words and meanings of Chinese college students. Therefore, this paper selects black, white, red, yellow, green, blue, brown, purple and pink. Eleven basic color words of orange and gray were used as the research objects, and the semantic category of the basic color words of Chinese college students was constructed by lexical association test. Using SPSS16.0 to process the data, the results are as follows: 1) semantic category of basic color words of Chinese college students. The semantic categories of red include flag, blood, fire, sun, apple, rose, clothes, tomato, red light and red bull. The semantic categories of black mainly include night, clothes, hair, blackboard, coal, night sky, ink, underworld, death and black heart; White semantic categories mainly include white clouds, walls, clothes, snow, doctors, paper, milk, day and funeral; The semantic categories of yellow mainly include chrysanthemum, banana, orange, sun, orange, clothes, sunflower, film, yellow people and fallen leaves; The semantic categories of blue mainly include sky, sea, school uniform, clothes, navy and Lhasa; The semantic categories of green include grass, leaves, trees, green hats, forests, lawns, grasslands, grasslands, green food and vegetables. The semantic category of purple mainly includes grape, eggplant, lavender, violet, flower, violet, dress, purple potion, dazzling dance and rainbow; Brown semantic categories mainly include brown bear, bark, coffee, earth, bear bear II, chocolate, leather shoes, hair, eyes and trees; The semantic categories of pink include florets, clothes, girls, peach blossoms, skirts, pink memories, nurses, petals, underwear and lips; The semantic categories of orange mainly include orange, orange, orange, juice, orange juice, Meilanda, lemon, fruit, drink and fruit orange. Grey semantic category mainly includes gray wolf, sky, cloudy day, cement, gray head, clothes, gray ash, coffee, mood and gray income. The priming effect exists in the meaning category of basic color words, and the words with high representativeness start faster on the corresponding basic color words. In the semantic category, there is a distance between semantic distance. The time between priming stimulus and target stimulus is significantly different from the main effect of SOA. The results show that the time that stimulates the presentation of Chinese characters affects the naming of the target color words. The interaction between the representativeness of associative words and SOA in semantic category is not significant. Conclusion: there is a priming effect in the meaning category of the basic color words of college students. The lexicon in the semantic category has different representativeness, and the semantic distance between them and the basic color words is different. It supports the prototype category model and activation diffusion theory of semantic category theory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：魯東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842.5

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