本文關(guān)鍵詞： 情緒沖突 認(rèn)知沖突 主動性控制 反應(yīng)性控制 雙重認(rèn)知控制理論(DMC理論)　出處：《西北師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：情緒沖突是心理學(xué)的一個嶄新的研究領(lǐng)域，源自于對認(rèn)知沖突的研究。在經(jīng)典Stroop范式中，增加控制需求的不一致試次的比例，會導(dǎo)致行為和認(rèn)知控制適應(yīng)。本研究在情緒面孔Stroop任務(wù)中，通過操作不一致試次的預(yù)期（比例），來研究在要求更高的任務(wù)中，關(guān)于情緒刺激的操作比例對行為產(chǎn)生的影響。本研究包括兩個相關(guān)實(shí)驗(yàn)，第一個實(shí)驗(yàn)在意識的水平，使用情緒字詞作為啟動刺激，而用情緒面孔圖片為目標(biāo)刺激，被試的任務(wù)是判斷目標(biāo)面孔的情緒類型，實(shí)驗(yàn)要求被試都要完成高預(yù)期（HE）任務(wù)（70%不一致）和低預(yù)期（LE）任務(wù)（30%不一致）。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，正如標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Stroop任務(wù)中，在情緒面孔Stroop任務(wù)中，出現(xiàn)了典型的一致性效應(yīng)，而且，干擾效應(yīng)（I-C）在LE任務(wù)中比在HE任務(wù)中大。這說明在有意識條件下，個體更傾向于采用主動性控制策略。 在第二組實(shí)驗(yàn)中，，使用情緒面孔作為啟動刺激，以與啟動刺激不同的情緒面孔作為目標(biāo)刺激，讓被試對目標(biāo)刺激的情緒類型作出判斷。通過操作意識的不同水平，讓被試完成高預(yù)期（HE）任務(wù)（60%不一致，20%一致，20%中性），低預(yù)期（LE）任務(wù)（20%不一致）以及中性（NE）任務(wù)（20%不一致，啟動刺激為面孔輪廓）。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)了典型的一致性效應(yīng)和沖突適應(yīng)效應(yīng)，而且在三種任務(wù)類型中，干擾效應(yīng)（I-C）在LE任務(wù)中比在HE任務(wù)中大。單獨(dú)分析無掩蔽條件組，在正確率和反應(yīng)時(shí)方面都出現(xiàn)了典型的一致性效應(yīng)，而并沒有出現(xiàn)沖突適應(yīng)效應(yīng)，而且，干擾效應(yīng)（I-C）在LE任務(wù)中比在HE任務(wù)中大。說明個體在有意識條件下更傾向于采用主動性認(rèn)知控制策略。而在有掩蔽條件組，正確率和反應(yīng)時(shí)方面均出現(xiàn)了典型的沖突適應(yīng)效應(yīng)，一致性效應(yīng)并不顯著，這一結(jié)果表明，在無意識條件下個體能夠很好的采用反應(yīng)性認(rèn)知控制策略。 綜上所述，在有意識條件下，個體更傾向于采用主動性認(rèn)知控制策略，而在無意識條件下，由于缺乏有效的線索信息的引導(dǎo)，個體會更多的采用反應(yīng)性控制策略。同時(shí)，研究結(jié)果也表明，相比情緒詞，情緒面孔圖片更加可以直接代表情緒，更容易產(chǎn)生沖突適應(yīng)效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Emotional conflict is a new research field in psychology, which originates from the study of cognitive conflict. In the classical Stroop paradigm, the proportion of inconsistent subjects controlling demand is increased. This study was conducted in the Stroop task of emotional faces by using the expectations of the inconsistent subjects (proportional scale) to study the tasks with higher demands. This study includes two related experiments, the first one is at the level of consciousness, using emotional words as the starting stimuli. The task of the subjects was to judge the emotional types of the target faces by using the images of emotional faces as the target stimuli. The subjects were asked to complete 70% inconsistency and 30% inconsistency. The results showed that, as in the standard Stroop task. In the emotional face Stroop task, there is a typical consistency effect, and the interference effect is larger in the le task than in the HE task, which indicates that under the conscious condition. Individuals tend to adopt active control strategies. In the second group, emotional faces were used as priming stimuli, and emotional faces which were different from priming stimuli were used as target stimuli. The subjects were asked to judge the emotional types of target stimulation. Through the different levels of operational awareness, the subjects were asked to complete the task of high expectation (60% inconsistency) and 20% consistent (20% neutral). Low expectation LEI (20% inconsistency) and neuter (20%) inconsistency. The priming stimulus was facial contours. The typical consistency effect and conflict adaptation effect were found. Among the three task types, the interference effect of I-C) is larger in le task than in HE task. When we analyze the group without masking condition alone, there is a typical consistency effect in accuracy and response time. And there is no conflict adaptation effect, and. The interference effect (I-C) was larger in le task than in HE task. It indicated that individuals were more inclined to adopt active cognitive control strategy under conscious condition, but in the group with masking condition. Both the correct rate and the response time have the typical conflict adaptation effect, but the consistency effect is not significant. The results show that the reactive cognitive control strategy can be used well in the unconscious condition. To sum up, under conscious conditions, individuals tend to adopt active cognitive control strategies, while in unconscious conditions, due to the lack of effective clue information guidance. At the same time, the results also show that compared with emotional words, emotional face images can represent emotions more directly and produce conflict adaptation effects more easily.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.6

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