【摘要】：現(xiàn)代國家的合法性資源既來源于歷史傳統(tǒng),又來源于國家現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的成效。文化站作為政府的基層文化單位,是我國現(xiàn)代公共文化服務(wù)體系中的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),因其承擔(dān)面向基層社區(qū)提供公共文化產(chǎn)品的任務(wù)而獲得自身的合法性,故文化站又是國家合法性資源建設(shè)的重要組成部分。國家藉助文化站等基層組織,為社會(huì)提供公共文化產(chǎn)品和服務(wù),以提升整個(gè)社會(huì)的文化心理結(jié)構(gòu),讓全社會(huì)形成一種禮敬傳統(tǒng)文化、崇尚公平競爭、崇尚效率優(yōu)先、崇尚技術(shù)和智慧的文化價(jià)值系統(tǒng),形成有利于支撐現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的文化結(jié)構(gòu)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的精神動(dòng)力,這是文化站等基層文化機(jī)構(gòu)得以設(shè)立并得到國家財(cái)政支持的核心價(jià)值所在。文化站等基層文化機(jī)構(gòu)既是公共文化產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的生產(chǎn)者,又是基層公共文化傳播系統(tǒng)的一部分。經(jīng)過對(duì)國家公共文化政策實(shí)驗(yàn)基地文化站的持續(xù)觀察顯示,我國基層文化機(jī)構(gòu)正陷入公共資源投入不斷增加而績效卻持續(xù)下滑的"悖論",這種情形使正在實(shí)施的國家公共文化服務(wù)體系建設(shè)面臨"未強(qiáng)先衰"的窘境。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),文化站面臨的發(fā)展困境,其實(shí)質(zhì)是基層文化機(jī)構(gòu)的傳統(tǒng)業(yè)務(wù)模式與高速城市化進(jìn)程和數(shù)字信息技術(shù)快速發(fā)展所導(dǎo)致的社會(huì)文化生態(tài)環(huán)境變遷之間出現(xiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)性失衡,這種結(jié)構(gòu)性問題只能通過供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革而不能夠僅僅憑藉機(jī)制措施來解決。文化站比照事業(yè)體制的制度設(shè)計(jì)是一種低效率的管理模式;一向行之有效的傳統(tǒng)的"增人加錢"式增量改革模式也正逐步失去有效性。必須重新梳理我國基層文化單位的結(jié)構(gòu)性改革思路,明確基層公共文化事權(quán)和支出責(zé)任的財(cái)政政策基準(zhǔn),不再僅僅聚焦于經(jīng)費(fèi)、編制和管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等技術(shù)性層面的問題,而必須樹立建設(shè)現(xiàn)代公共文化服務(wù)體系、推動(dòng)公共文化供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的戰(zhàn)略思維。
[Abstract]:The legitimacy resources of modern country are not only from historical tradition, but also from the effect of modernization construction. As the grass-roots cultural unit of the government, the cultural station is a link in the modern public cultural service system of our country. Because it undertakes the task of providing public cultural products to the grass-roots communities, it obtains its own legitimacy. Therefore, the cultural station is also an important part of the construction of national legitimacy resources. The state provides public cultural products and services to the society through supporting grass-roots organizations such as cultural stations, so as to enhance the cultural psychological structure of the whole society, so that the whole society can form a traditional culture of courtesy and respect, advocate fair competition and advocate efficiency first, A system of cultural values that upholds technology and wisdom and forms a spiritual motive force conducive to supporting the cultural structure and social development of the modern economic and social structure, This is the cultural station and other grass-roots cultural institutions to be set up and the state financial support of the core value. Cultural stations and other grass-roots cultural institutions are not only producers of public cultural products and services, but also part of the communication system of grass-roots public culture. Through the continuous observation of the cultural station of the national public cultural policy experimental base, it is shown that the grass-roots cultural institutions in our country are caught in the "paradox" of increasing public resource investment and declining performance. This situation makes the construction of the national public cultural service system face the dilemma of "failing before the strong". It is found that the development dilemma of the cultural station is the structural imbalance between the traditional business model of the grass-roots cultural institutions and the changes of social, cultural and ecological environment caused by the rapid urbanization process and the rapid development of digital information technology. Such structural problems can only be solved through supply-side structural reforms and not simply by institutional measures. The system design of cultural station is a kind of inefficient management mode, and the traditional incremental reform mode of "increasing people and increasing money" is gradually losing its effectiveness. We must rearrange the structural reform ideas of our country's grass-roots cultural units, clarify the fiscal policy benchmarks of grass-roots public cultural affairs and expenditure responsibilities, and no longer focus solely on the technical aspects of funding, establishment and management standards. It is necessary to set up the strategic thinking of constructing modern public cultural service system and promoting the structural reform of public culture supply-side.
【作者單位】： 武漢大學(xué)國家文化發(fā)展研究院;武漢大學(xué)政治與公共管理學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家社科基金藝術(shù)學(xué)重大項(xiàng)目“公共文化服務(wù)體系建設(shè)與運(yùn)行中的財(cái)政保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與保障方式研究”(13ZD04)
【分類號(hào)】：G242

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