朝鮮王朝英祖的國(guó)葬典禮研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-21 21:35
【摘要】：英祖時(shí)期(1724-1776年在位)是朝鮮王朝的中興時(shí)期,英祖注重對(duì)禮制的再編,尤其是對(duì)五禮中的兇禮尤為重視。他組織編纂了《國(guó)朝續(xù)五禮儀》和《國(guó)朝喪禮補(bǔ)編》,這兩本儀禮書(shū)以《國(guó)朝五禮儀》為基礎(chǔ),以中國(guó)"三代古禮"的精神為中心,總結(jié)歷代國(guó)王的國(guó)葬程序,制定出符合時(shí)宜的國(guó)葬儀禮,使朝鮮王朝的兇禮最終確立起來(lái)。英祖國(guó)葬按照《國(guó)朝喪禮補(bǔ)編》進(jìn)行,其中的儀禮變化也非常明顯。一方面體現(xiàn)在新增儀禮"復(fù)后奠"的實(shí)施以及對(duì)"朝祖儀"的論議,這兩項(xiàng)儀禮程序的制定以古禮為依據(jù),與當(dāng)時(shí)的政治思想狀況相結(jié)合,他們的補(bǔ)入完善了國(guó)葬程序,表達(dá)了儒家"孝"的思想,展現(xiàn)了古禮中所體現(xiàn)的喪禮精神。另一方面體現(xiàn)在對(duì)"變禮"的整理,具有代表性的是梓宮和祗送坹迎相關(guān)的變禮,具體表現(xiàn)在對(duì)梓宮加漆次數(shù)、梓宮上字書(shū)寫(xiě)儀、梓宮結(jié)裹儀的規(guī)定更加規(guī)范化、法制化,明確了國(guó)王在坹送祗迎儀禮時(shí)的場(chǎng)所。之前的儀禮書(shū)沒(méi)有對(duì)這些"變禮"做出明確的規(guī)定,在前幾次國(guó)王葬禮中程序各不相同,因此對(duì)其進(jìn)行了整理,使其作為固定的儀禮確立起來(lái)。英祖國(guó)葬中發(fā)生這些變化的原因可以歸結(jié)為兩點(diǎn):一方面是朝鮮王朝禮學(xué)的發(fā)展。朝鮮王朝通過(guò)前中期對(duì)性理學(xué)的接受和對(duì)《朱子家禮》的研究,朝鮮王朝的禮學(xué)不僅繼承了中華的禮學(xué)思想,同時(shí)結(jié)合朝鮮王朝自身?xiàng)l件,實(shí)現(xiàn)了中國(guó)禮學(xué)的朝鮮化;另一方面是英正祖強(qiáng)化王權(quán)的需要。英、正祖時(shí)期實(shí)施蕩平策,強(qiáng)調(diào)以王權(quán)為中心,國(guó)王對(duì)國(guó)家大事有著絕對(duì)的決定權(quán),這也體現(xiàn)在對(duì)儀禮的制定和實(shí)施上。國(guó)王王位繼承的正統(tǒng)性與國(guó)王國(guó)葬緊密相連,正祖(1776-1800年在位)借助英祖國(guó)葬來(lái)證明自身繼承王位的正當(dāng)性,從而強(qiáng)化王權(quán)。英祖的國(guó)葬是朝鮮王朝兇禮確立新的制度后實(shí)施的第一個(gè)國(guó)王國(guó)葬,成為了一個(gè)定制,為之后的國(guó)王國(guó)葬提供了參考。儀禮變化推動(dòng)了朝鮮禮學(xué)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,幫助強(qiáng)化了王權(quán)、穩(wěn)定了政局,同時(shí)由上及下,有利于教化百姓,從而穩(wěn)定社會(huì)秩序。
[Abstract]:The period of British ancestor (1724-1776 in power) was the period of ZTE of Korean Dynasty, which paid more attention to the recompilation of ritual system, especially to the fierce ceremony in the five Rites. He organized the compilation of the five Rites of the National dynasties and the Supplement to the Funeral of the National dynasties. These two books were based on the five Rites of the National dynasties and centered on the spirit of the "three dynasties of Ancient Rites" in China, and summarized the state burial procedures of the kings of the past dynasties. A state funeral ceremony was formulated, which finally established the murderous ceremony of the Korean dynasty. The burial of the British motherland was carried out in accordance with the National Funeral Supplement, in which the ritual changes were also evident. On the one hand, it is reflected in the implementation of the newly added ritual ceremony "after the Restoration" and the discussion on the "Chao Zuyi". The formulation of these two ritual procedures is based on the ancient ritual, combined with the political and ideological conditions at that time, and their addition has improved the state funeral procedure. It expresses the Confucian thought of filial piety and shows the spirit of funeral ceremony embodied in Gu Li Zhong. On the other hand, it is embodied in the arrangement of "changing gifts", which is representative of the Zigong and only sending them to welcome the related changes. The concrete manifestation is the number of times of adding paint to the Zigong, the writing apparatus on the Zigong, the Zigong knot wrapping instrument, which are more standardized and legalized. The king's place in the ceremony was defined. The previous ceremony book did not make a clear provision for these "changes of ceremony", in the previous King's funeral procedures were different, so it was arranged, so that it was established as a fixed ceremony. The causes of these changes in the burial of the British motherland can be attributed to two aspects: one is the development of Korean Royal Rites. The Korean dynasty not only inherits the Chinese thought of ritual, but also realizes the Korean culture of Chinese ritual by accepting the Neo-Confucianism before the middle of the period and studying Zhu Zi's Rites in the early and middle period. The Korean Dynasty not only inherits the Chinese thought of ritual learning, but also realizes the Korean culture of Chinese ritual learning by combining the conditions of the Korean dynasty itself. On the other hand, it is the need of strengthening Wang Quan. The king had absolute right of decision on state affairs, which was reflected in the formulation and implementation of ritual. The orthodoxy of the succession of the king to the throne is closely related to the burial of the king. The patriarch (who was in power from 1776 to 1800) used the burial of Britain to justify his succession to the throne, thus strengthening Wang Quan. The state funeral of Yonzu was the first king's state funeral after the establishment of the new system in the Korean dynasty. It became a custom and provided a reference for the later king's state funeral. The change of ceremony promoted the further development of Korean ritual study, helped to strengthen Wang Quan, stabilized the political situation, at the same time, from top to bottom, it was beneficial to educate the common people and stabilize the social order.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K893.12
本文編號(hào)：2389498
[Abstract]:The period of British ancestor (1724-1776 in power) was the period of ZTE of Korean Dynasty, which paid more attention to the recompilation of ritual system, especially to the fierce ceremony in the five Rites. He organized the compilation of the five Rites of the National dynasties and the Supplement to the Funeral of the National dynasties. These two books were based on the five Rites of the National dynasties and centered on the spirit of the "three dynasties of Ancient Rites" in China, and summarized the state burial procedures of the kings of the past dynasties. A state funeral ceremony was formulated, which finally established the murderous ceremony of the Korean dynasty. The burial of the British motherland was carried out in accordance with the National Funeral Supplement, in which the ritual changes were also evident. On the one hand, it is reflected in the implementation of the newly added ritual ceremony "after the Restoration" and the discussion on the "Chao Zuyi". The formulation of these two ritual procedures is based on the ancient ritual, combined with the political and ideological conditions at that time, and their addition has improved the state funeral procedure. It expresses the Confucian thought of filial piety and shows the spirit of funeral ceremony embodied in Gu Li Zhong. On the other hand, it is embodied in the arrangement of "changing gifts", which is representative of the Zigong and only sending them to welcome the related changes. The concrete manifestation is the number of times of adding paint to the Zigong, the writing apparatus on the Zigong, the Zigong knot wrapping instrument, which are more standardized and legalized. The king's place in the ceremony was defined. The previous ceremony book did not make a clear provision for these "changes of ceremony", in the previous King's funeral procedures were different, so it was arranged, so that it was established as a fixed ceremony. The causes of these changes in the burial of the British motherland can be attributed to two aspects: one is the development of Korean Royal Rites. The Korean dynasty not only inherits the Chinese thought of ritual, but also realizes the Korean culture of Chinese ritual by accepting the Neo-Confucianism before the middle of the period and studying Zhu Zi's Rites in the early and middle period. The Korean Dynasty not only inherits the Chinese thought of ritual learning, but also realizes the Korean culture of Chinese ritual learning by combining the conditions of the Korean dynasty itself. On the other hand, it is the need of strengthening Wang Quan. The king had absolute right of decision on state affairs, which was reflected in the formulation and implementation of ritual. The orthodoxy of the succession of the king to the throne is closely related to the burial of the king. The patriarch (who was in power from 1776 to 1800) used the burial of Britain to justify his succession to the throne, thus strengthening Wang Quan. The state funeral of Yonzu was the first king's state funeral after the establishment of the new system in the Korean dynasty. It became a custom and provided a reference for the later king's state funeral. The change of ceremony promoted the further development of Korean ritual study, helped to strengthen Wang Quan, stabilized the political situation, at the same time, from top to bottom, it was beneficial to educate the common people and stabilize the social order.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K893.12
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