唯物史觀視域下的霍克海默文化批判理論研究
[Abstract]:Horkheimer, the leader of European modern cultural criticism, regards the theory of cultural criticism as a revolutionary weapon to promote social progress, and tries to save the cultural crisis and the imbalance of subjective reason, in order to achieve social fairness and justice. Unremitting efforts have been made in the social ideal of human freedom and liberation. Therefore, the study of Horkheimer's theory of cultural criticism is conducive to the sustainable development of social and spiritual civilization. The first part of the thesis reveals the efforts made by Horkheimer's critical theory of culture to approach Marx's historical materialism, that is, the world outlook and methodology which are different from those of academicians after inheriting Marx's historical materialism. The second part of the thesis mainly expounds the ideological logic of cultural criticism theory. First of all, Horkheimer's theory of cultural criticism begins with criticizing the Enlightenment Movement, and narrates the core of the theory of cultural criticism, that is, the formation process and harm of instrumental rationality. Since the Enlightenment reinstated the subjective rationality and left the objective rationality, the positivism based on the omnipotence of science was regarded as the criterion of whether the subject and the object had value. That is to say, the subject is still not out of the cage of absolute authority, and the Enlightenment is just a process of throwing the subject from one absolute authority to another supreme authority, and thus the instrumental rationality takes the top position of capitalist ideology. This means the alienation of capitalist society in all directions and presents a historical civilization crisis on this basis. Secondly, the theory of cultural criticism takes the form of instrumental rationality as its own content. For example, how does the cultural industry change popular culture from the form of entertainment to the means of manipulating the public? What is the real reaction of the people after being manipulated by culture? Thus Horkheimer clearly restored the social and cultural truth of post-industrial capitalism. Finally, the logical end point of the theory of cultural criticism is to point out the direction for restoring the "cultural vitality", that is, to break the cage of positivism and establish the negative thinking of the subject, so that the subject can obtain real freedom and liberation in the process of production practice. In the third part, after describing Horkheimer's theory of cultural criticism in detail, as the successor of Marxism, it is necessary for us to examine Horkheimer's theory of cultural criticism as a whole based on Marxist historical materialism. Therefore, this part begins with the importance of adhering to Marxist historical materialism, and analyzes what important contributions Horkheimer's cultural criticism theory has made to the criticism of capitalist ideology while striving to return to Marxism in the true sense. Furthermore, it is pointed out that, while approaching the Marxist historical materialism, Horkheimer's cultural criticism theory finally stops at the theoretical level in the struggle with capitalist ideology, and does not provide any practical scheme in real life. And greatly weakened its methodological significance. However, we should not put Horkheimer's critical theory of culture out of the scope of Marxist historical materialism, but should reflect on it and sum it up. With a view to Marxism how to deal with the ideological attributes of cultural industry has some enlightening thinking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中共吉林省委黨校
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:G02
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