【摘要】：社火是傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)社會(huì)中一項(xiàng)地域范圍廣、歷史發(fā)展脈絡(luò)長(zhǎng)、各民族普遍擁有、形式豐富多樣的綜合民間藝術(shù)形式,也是民間社會(huì)重要的節(jié)慶活動(dòng)。它蘊(yùn)含著民眾的藝術(shù)智慧和宗教觀念,是體現(xiàn)民眾生活和世界觀的一面鏡子,在組織和表演過(guò)程中具有一套特殊的程式。在當(dāng)代社會(huì),社火仍然普遍流行于村落,在城市中留存比較零星。天水的城市新年社火是被創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的傳統(tǒng),伴隨著城市經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和時(shí)代進(jìn)步脈搏,這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)一直延續(xù)了下來(lái),且在城市文化活動(dòng)中扮演著重要的角色,形成了一套固定慣例,影響了與其相關(guān)的民間藝術(shù)形式和團(tuán)體做出改變和適應(yīng)。隨著非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)工作的逐漸深入,社火這項(xiàng)綜合性藝術(shù)中的許多表演項(xiàng)目單獨(dú)申報(bào)進(jìn)入各級(jí)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)名錄,其運(yùn)行方式已與自發(fā)性演出、遵循歲時(shí)節(jié)慶的時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn),嚴(yán)格遵守儀式和禁忌的傳統(tǒng)形式有了很大區(qū)別,開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)一些新的表演場(chǎng)合、表達(dá)方式和表現(xiàn)目的。城市化使得城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、政治一體化程度提高,城市與近郊村鎮(zhèn)的互動(dòng)更加頻繁,體現(xiàn)在社火活動(dòng)中,則形成了既有合作、又各自保持特色獨(dú)立運(yùn)行的模式。社火舉辦過(guò)程中突顯出一些新特征,如非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)的話語(yǔ)介入和民俗再生產(chǎn)、女性在民俗活動(dòng)中的地位變化、以及城鄉(xiāng)合作在城市文化活動(dòng)中的運(yùn)作機(jī)制等,都反映出當(dāng)代社會(huì)社火存在、發(fā)展的新形態(tài)。本文試圖從社火傳統(tǒng)變遷機(jī)制和內(nèi)容置換的現(xiàn)象以及城鄉(xiāng)社火活動(dòng)互動(dòng)中,探討這一民俗文化事項(xiàng)發(fā)展變化的內(nèi)在動(dòng)因,以及城市化引起的觀念、生活方式、社會(huì)關(guān)系的變化對(duì)整個(gè)區(qū)域內(nèi)的文化生態(tài)帶來(lái)的影響。
[Abstract]:The society fire is a comprehensive folk art form in the traditional Chinese society, which has a wide range of areas, long historical development, universal possession of various nationalities and various forms, and it is also an important festival activity of civil society. It contains the people's artistic wisdom and religious concept, and it is a mirror to reflect the people's life and world outlook, and has a special program in the process of organizing and performing. In contemporary society, social fires are still prevalent in villages and relatively sporadic in cities. The city's New year fire in Tianshui is a tradition created. With the development of the city's economy and the pulse of the times, this activity has continued, and it has played an important role in the city's cultural activities, forming a set of fixed conventions. Influenced its related folk art forms and groups to make changes and adaptations. With the gradual deepening of the work of protecting intangible cultural heritage, many performing items in the comprehensive art of the Society Fire have been separately declared on the list of intangible cultural heritage protection at all levels, and their operation has been accompanied by spontaneous performances. Following the time node of the festival and strictly observing the traditional forms of ceremony and taboos, some new performance occasions, expression methods and performance purposes began to appear. Urbanization increases the degree of economic, cultural and political integration between urban and rural areas, and the interaction between cities and suburban villages and towns is more frequent. In the process of holding the fire, some new features have been highlighted, such as the discourse intervention of intangible cultural heritage protection and folklore reproduction, the change of the status of women in folklore activities, and the operational mechanism of urban-rural cooperation in urban cultural activities. Both reflect the existence and development of the contemporary society of new forms of fire. This paper attempts to discuss the internal causes of the development and change of this folk cultural matter, as well as the concept and life style caused by urbanization, from the phenomenon of the traditional vicissitude mechanism and the replacement of contents in the society and fire, as well as the interaction between urban and rural society and fire activities. The influence of the change of social relations on the cultural ecology of the whole region.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：K892.24

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