發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-07 23:49

【摘要】： 在國(guó)際安全領(lǐng)域,安全困境問(wèn)題被廣泛討論,尤其是軍備競(jìng)賽引起的安全兩難。上世紀(jì)八十年代,國(guó)家聯(lián)盟,尤其是大國(guó)聯(lián)盟引起的聯(lián)盟安全困境被廣泛關(guān)注,成為安全困境研究新的議題。在格倫·斯奈德的經(jīng)典的論文《聯(lián)盟政治的安全困境》中,他令人信服地得出了聯(lián)盟困境的兩難結(jié)論:過(guò)分緊密和過(guò)分松散的聯(lián)盟狀態(tài)都會(huì)給國(guó)際安全造成的某種形式的不穩(wěn)定;兩極化的權(quán)力分配格局使得聯(lián)盟困境問(wèn)題相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)化,多極化的權(quán)力分配格局加劇了聯(lián)盟中的安全困境問(wèn)題。由于時(shí)代原因,身處冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的作者并未進(jìn)一步研究單極體系中的聯(lián)盟困境,冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束至今,美國(guó)的單極霸權(quán)已經(jīng)持續(xù)二十年,且短期內(nèi)并沒(méi)有霸權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)移或者消亡的跡象。因此,研究單極體系下大國(guó)聯(lián)盟問(wèn)題,不論在學(xué)術(shù)研究上還是在政策制定上,都很有必要。本文首先從理論上分析單極體系下聯(lián)盟困境的形式與特征,再以第一次柏林危機(jī)事件中的西方聯(lián)盟和三四十年代的德意聯(lián)盟、準(zhǔn)聯(lián)盟關(guān)系為案例對(duì)聯(lián)盟困境進(jìn)行考察,驗(yàn)證理論內(nèi)容。最后得出結(jié)論:單極體系下聯(lián)盟困境問(wèn)題依然存在,但由于單極體系聯(lián)盟通常是權(quán)力非對(duì)稱性的,因而表現(xiàn)特征不同于經(jīng)典聯(lián)盟困境理論所設(shè)想的那樣,聯(lián)盟困境對(duì)聯(lián)盟中的主導(dǎo)國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)不算嚴(yán)重,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)由聯(lián)盟伙伴承擔(dān)。?
[Abstract]:In the field of international security, the problem of security dilemma has been widely discussed, especially the security dilemma caused by the arms race. In the eighties of last century, the security dilemma caused by national alliance, especially the alliance of great powers, was paid more and more attention, and became a new topic in the study of security dilemma. In Glenn Snyder's classic paper, the Security Dilemma of Alliance Politics, He convincingly came to the conclusion that a state of alliance that was too close and too loose would cause some form of instability to international security; The bipolar distribution pattern of power makes the dilemma of alliance relatively simplified, and the multi-polarization pattern of power distribution aggravates the security dilemma of alliance. For the reasons of the times, the authors in the Cold War period did not further study the alliance dilemma in the unipolar system. Since the end of the Cold War, the unipolar hegemony of the United States has lasted for 20 years, and there is no sign of hegemony shifting or dying in a short period of time. Therefore, it is necessary to study the problem of alliance of great powers under unipolar system, both in academic research and in policy-making. This paper first analyzes the form and characteristics of alliance dilemma under unipolar system, and then examines the alliance dilemma with the western alliance in the first Berlin crisis, the German-Italian alliance in the 1930s and 1940s, and the quasi-alliance relationship as a case study. Verify the content of the theory. Finally, it is concluded that the problem of alliance dilemma still exists in unipolar system, but because the unipolar alliance is usually asymmetric in power, the performance characteristics of unipolar alliance are different from those envisaged in classical alliance dilemma theory. The alliance dilemma is not serious for the leading countries in the alliance, and the risks are borne by the alliance partners.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D815

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