加拿大對華政策：自主訴求與美國因素（1940s-1970s）
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-04 13:47
【摘要】：早在1949年11月16日，加拿大內閣就做出了“原則上同意承認”新中國的決定，但直到1970年10月13日兩國才正式建立外交關系，其間歷時21年之久，這是一個值得思考的問題。簡單地講，本論文正是找尋這個問題的答案。 本文以外交檔案為依據(jù)，通過對龐雜外交檔案的分析來盡可能歷史地還原從新中國成立到加中雙方建交這段時期，，加拿大在對華政策中“自主訴求”與“美國因素”激烈沖撞的過程，力爭做到“用史實說話”。 論文前四章對冷戰(zhàn)期間加拿大對華政策的歷史進行梳理，選取了加拿大對華政策中最具歷史性意義的重要事件作為重點分析對象，包括政治上的“承認新中國”、“恢復中國聯(lián)合國合法席位”以及兩國“建交”問題，經濟上的“中加小麥貿易”問題，文化上的“中加記者互派”問題。同時，作者特別關注了國際局勢的變化對加拿大對華政策的影響，如朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭、越南戰(zhàn)爭、臺海危機等。通過對加拿大“一波三折，曲折迂回”的對華政策的歷史分析，作者剖析了加拿大對華政策中“自主訴求”與“美國因素”之間的對沖與平衡。 在歷史分析的基礎之上，最后一章以加拿大為例，從“實力”與“意志”的角度探析中等國家自主訴求的有限性問題。同時，從干涉國本身行為的調整，干預對象國的反應，以及冷戰(zhàn)期間的不確定因素三個方面分析大國干預的有限性問題。最后作者指出，中等國家參與國際事務面臨著三大困境：結構性權力不足的困境，受大國干涉的困境以及多邊外交失效時的困境，據(jù)此提出中等國家可以從三個方面改進，即：對國家利益戰(zhàn)略分級，從依附型多邊外交向獨立型多邊外交轉變以及維護好中等國家國際社會好公民的良好形象。
[Abstract]:As early as November 16, 1949, the Canadian Cabinet made the decision to "agree in principle" to the new China, but it was not until October 13, 1970 that the two countries formally established diplomatic relations, which lasted for 21 years. In short, this paper is to find the answer to this question. Based on the diplomatic archives, this paper tries to restore the period from the founding of New China to the establishment of diplomatic relations between Canada and China as far as possible through the analysis of the numerous diplomatic archives. In the process of "independent appeal" and "American factor" in Canada's China policy, Canada strives to "speak with historical facts". The first four chapters comb the history of Canada's China policy during the Cold War, and select the most historic and important event in Canada's China policy as the focus of analysis, including the political recognition of New China. The issue of "restoring China's legal seat in the United Nations", the question of "establishing diplomatic relations" between the two countries, the issue of "Sino-Canadian wheat trade" in the economy, and the "mutual distribution of journalists between China and Canada" in culture. At the same time, the author pays special attention to the influence of the change of international situation on Canada's China policy, such as the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Taiwan Strait crisis and so on. Through the historical analysis of Canada's "twists and turns, twists and turns" in its China policy, the author analyzes the hedging and balance between "independent demand" and "American factor" in Canada's China policy. On the basis of historical analysis, the last chapter takes Canada as an example to analyze the limitation of independent demands of middle and other countries from the angle of "strength" and "will". At the same time, this paper analyzes the limitation of the intervention from three aspects: the adjustment of the intervention country's own behavior, the reaction of the intervention target country, and the uncertain factors during the Cold War. Finally, the author points out that the middle countries are faced with three major dilemmas in participating in international affairs: the dilemma of insufficient structural power, the dilemma of being interfered by big powers, and the dilemma of multilateral diplomacy when it is invalid. Based on this, the author points out that the middle countries can be improved from three aspects. That is, the strategic classification of national interests, the transition from dependent multilateral diplomacy to independent multilateral diplomacy, and the maintenance of the good image of the international community of the middle and other countries.
【學位授予單位】：上海外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D871.1
[Abstract]:As early as November 16, 1949, the Canadian Cabinet made the decision to "agree in principle" to the new China, but it was not until October 13, 1970 that the two countries formally established diplomatic relations, which lasted for 21 years. In short, this paper is to find the answer to this question. Based on the diplomatic archives, this paper tries to restore the period from the founding of New China to the establishment of diplomatic relations between Canada and China as far as possible through the analysis of the numerous diplomatic archives. In the process of "independent appeal" and "American factor" in Canada's China policy, Canada strives to "speak with historical facts". The first four chapters comb the history of Canada's China policy during the Cold War, and select the most historic and important event in Canada's China policy as the focus of analysis, including the political recognition of New China. The issue of "restoring China's legal seat in the United Nations", the question of "establishing diplomatic relations" between the two countries, the issue of "Sino-Canadian wheat trade" in the economy, and the "mutual distribution of journalists between China and Canada" in culture. At the same time, the author pays special attention to the influence of the change of international situation on Canada's China policy, such as the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Taiwan Strait crisis and so on. Through the historical analysis of Canada's "twists and turns, twists and turns" in its China policy, the author analyzes the hedging and balance between "independent demand" and "American factor" in Canada's China policy. On the basis of historical analysis, the last chapter takes Canada as an example to analyze the limitation of independent demands of middle and other countries from the angle of "strength" and "will". At the same time, this paper analyzes the limitation of the intervention from three aspects: the adjustment of the intervention country's own behavior, the reaction of the intervention target country, and the uncertain factors during the Cold War. Finally, the author points out that the middle countries are faced with three major dilemmas in participating in international affairs: the dilemma of insufficient structural power, the dilemma of being interfered by big powers, and the dilemma of multilateral diplomacy when it is invalid. Based on this, the author points out that the middle countries can be improved from three aspects. That is, the strategic classification of national interests, the transition from dependent multilateral diplomacy to independent multilateral diplomacy, and the maintenance of the good image of the international community of the middle and other countries.
【學位授予單位】：上海外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D871.1
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