發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-20 09:52

【摘要】：第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以后,跨國(guó)公司獲得了驚人的發(fā)展,尤其在冷戰(zhàn)后,其影響力已遍布全球,成為國(guó)際關(guān)系中一個(gè)重要的行為主體。學(xué)者們對(duì)跨國(guó)公司的研究與關(guān)注,也漸漸從理論研究、經(jīng)濟(jì)影響等方面慢慢擴(kuò)展到跨國(guó)公司的政治影響�？鐕�(guó)公司的存在使得經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的空間擴(kuò)大,在某種程度上削弱了國(guó)家主權(quán)；跨國(guó)公司超越國(guó)境的生產(chǎn)活動(dòng),加劇了國(guó)家利益和企業(yè)本身利益之間的裂痕；跨國(guó)公司注重生產(chǎn)和銷售,以降低生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)成本和提高利潤(rùn)為最高使命,它帶來(lái)的等級(jí)制度式的決策結(jié)構(gòu)也與主權(quán)國(guó)家的人人平等、自由等原則相違背�？鐕�(guó)公司以其不輸于主權(quán)國(guó)家的財(cái)力游走于母國(guó)與東道國(guó)之間,就跨國(guó)公司與母國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō),當(dāng)跨國(guó)公司的企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略和投資計(jì)劃與母國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策和計(jì)劃發(fā)生矛盾時(shí),跨國(guó)公司不一定顧忌母國(guó)利益,有時(shí)甚至反之；而母國(guó)也會(huì)利用跨國(guó)公司來(lái)影響東道國(guó)的決策。這在某種意義上,跨國(guó)公司既是母國(guó)和東道國(guó)博弈的場(chǎng)所,也是兩者交流的平臺(tái)。歐盟跨國(guó)公司在中歐關(guān)系中也是如此。 中歐關(guān)系是中國(guó)最重要的雙邊關(guān)系之一,雙方建立了全面戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系,在政治上建立了互信機(jī)制,高層互訪頻繁,在國(guó)際問(wèn)題上也有諸多交流與合作。在經(jīng)貿(mào)領(lǐng)域,歐盟是中國(guó)最大的貿(mào)易伙伴,歐盟則視中國(guó)為第一大進(jìn)口國(guó),第二大貿(mào)易國(guó),2011年雙邊貿(mào)易繼續(xù)突破5000億美元。在文化領(lǐng)域,雙方的交流也不斷擴(kuò)大和深入,除了今年開(kāi)啟的中歐文化對(duì)話年,中國(guó)與歐盟國(guó)家中的法國(guó)、意大利、德國(guó)、西班牙、英國(guó)等都舉辦了“文化年”活動(dòng)。這其中,都出現(xiàn)了歐盟跨國(guó)公司的身影。歐盟跨國(guó)公司的行為在大體上對(duì)中歐政治經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系的發(fā)展起到了積極的作用,2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)及2010年上海世博會(huì)等文化盛事的成功舉辦,都有大量歐盟跨國(guó)公司的積極參與。同時(shí),歐盟跨國(guó)公司在企業(yè)社會(huì)責(zé)任等方面也對(duì)我國(guó)起到了一些積極的影響,但是在人權(quán)問(wèn)題、南海主權(quán)等領(lǐng)域,歐盟跨國(guó)公司卻給中歐關(guān)系蒙上了一層陰影。如何擴(kuò)大歐盟跨國(guó)公司在中歐關(guān)系中的積極效應(yīng),減少消極效應(yīng),將十分有意義。 全文分為五個(gè)部分,第一部分是選題背景意義、文獻(xiàn)綜述及相關(guān)概念鋪陳。第二部分介紹了歷年歐盟投資與中歐貿(mào)易情況,同時(shí)分析了歐盟跨國(guó)公司對(duì)中歐經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的積極影響以及它在中歐貿(mào)易不平衡等問(wèn)題上的消極影響。第三部分分析了歐盟跨國(guó)公司的行為如何影響母國(guó)的決策,對(duì)中歐關(guān)系起了直接促進(jìn)作用,但是它在人權(quán)、南海主權(quán)糾紛等問(wèn)題上給中歐政治關(guān)系帶來(lái)了消極的影響。第四部分闡明歐盟跨國(guó)公司在中歐軍事關(guān)系中起到了直接推動(dòng)作用,重點(diǎn)討論歐盟跨國(guó)公司與對(duì)華軍售問(wèn)題。第五部分說(shuō)明歐盟跨國(guó)公司在參與中歐文化交流中起到的作用,包括文化交流年、大型活動(dòng)、企業(yè)社會(huì)責(zé)任等問(wèn)題上歐盟跨國(guó)公司參與的意義,最后得出結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:After the second World War, transnational corporations have made remarkable development, especially after the Cold War, their influence has spread all over the world, and has become an important actor in international relations. Scholars' research and concern on multinational corporations have gradually expanded from theoretical research and economic impact to the political influence of transnational corporations. The existence of transnational corporations expands the space of economic activities and weakens the state sovereignty to some extent, and the production activities of transnational corporations beyond the national borders aggravate the rift between the national interests and the interests of the enterprises themselves. Multinational corporations pay more attention to production and sales with the highest mission of reducing the cost of production and management and increasing profits. The hierarchical decision-making structure it brings is also contrary to the principles of equality and freedom of all sovereign states. Multinational corporations travel between home countries and host countries with their financial resources which are not inferior to sovereign states. In the case of transnational corporations and home countries, when the enterprise strategies and investment plans of transnational corporations are in conflict with the economic policies and plans of home countries, Multinationals do not necessarily fear the interests of their home countries, sometimes even vice versa; And home country also can use multinational company to influence the decision of host country. In a sense, multinational corporation is not only the game place between home country and host country, but also the platform of communication between them. The same is true of EU multinationals in China-EU relations. China-EU relations are one of China's most important bilateral relations. The two sides have established a comprehensive strategic partnership, established a mechanism of mutual trust in politics, exchanged frequent high-level visits, and had many exchanges and cooperation on international issues. The European Union is China's largest trading partner, while the European Union sees China as the largest importer and second largest trader, with bilateral trade continuing to exceed $500 billion in 2011. In the cultural field, exchanges between the two sides have also expanded and deepened. Apart from this year's China-EU year of Cultural Dialogue, France, Italy, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom, among other countries in the European Union, have held "Cultural year" activities. Among them, appeared the figure of EU multinational company. The behavior of EU multinational corporations has played a positive role in the development of China-EU political and economic relations in general. The successful hosting of cultural events such as the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and the 2010 Shanghai World Expo has involved a large number of EU multinational corporations. At the same time, EU multinational corporations have had some positive effects on China in the aspect of corporate social responsibility, but in the fields of human rights, sovereignty of the South China Sea, etc., EU multinational corporations have cast a shadow on China-EU relations. How to expand the positive effects and reduce the negative effects of EU multinational corporations in China-EU relations will be of great significance. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the background significance, literature review and related concepts. The second part introduces the situation of EU investment and China-EU trade in the past years, and analyzes the positive influence of EU multinational corporations on China-EU economic and trade relations and its negative influence on the trade imbalance between China and Europe. The third part analyzes how the actions of EU multinational corporations affect the decisions of home countries and directly promote China-EU relations, but it has a negative impact on China-EU political relations on issues such as human rights, disputes over sovereignty over the South China Sea, and so on. The fourth part clarifies that EU multinational corporations play a direct role in China-EU military relations, focusing on the issue of EU multinational corporations and arms sales to China. The fifth part explains the role of EU multinational companies in participating in China-EU cultural exchange, including the year of cultural exchange, large-scale activities, corporate social responsibility and other issues, the significance of EU multinational companies' participation, and finally draws a conclusion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F276.7;D822.3

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