中國參與國際核不擴散機制分析
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-26 21:46
【摘要】：國際核不擴散機制是指國際社會為防止核擴散、推動核裁軍和核軍控而制訂的所有國家與國際的法律、條約、協(xié)定和所成立的機構(gòu)的總和。該機制正式形成的標(biāo)志是1968年《不擴散核武器條約》(NPT)的簽訂,經(jīng)過數(shù)十年不斷發(fā)展完善,目前已經(jīng)形成一套以《不擴散核武器條約》為基石、國際原子能機構(gòu)為主要執(zhí)行保障機構(gòu)、包含一系列相關(guān)條約和組織機構(gòu)的完整機制。國際核不擴散機制的特點是廣泛性、有效性、不公正性和不完備性。該機制在控制和減少核武器國家數(shù)量、促進(jìn)原子能的和平利用方面發(fā)揮了重要作用,為維護地區(qū)和世界和平穩(wěn)定做出了積極貢獻(xiàn);但該機制從本質(zhì)上說具有不公正性,一些法律條約內(nèi)容和組織機構(gòu)職能也有待完善。對于國際核不擴散機制,中國經(jīng)歷了全面抵制、部分參與到全面參與的過程,這是中國的國家利益決定的,是不同時期國際體系結(jié)構(gòu)、國際體系進(jìn)程、國家安全觀念等眾多因素綜合作用的結(jié)果。中國參與國際核不擴散機制取得了巨大成就,保障了國家安全利益,樹立了良好的國際形象,擴大了參與國際機制的途徑,增加了參與國際事務(wù)可利用的資源。同時,中國也面臨著一些挑戰(zhàn),如在機制中的話語權(quán)不足,危害國家利益的風(fēng)險依然存在,超級大國利用核不擴散問題推行霸權(quán)主義等。未來在參與機制的過程中,中國需要增加在機制內(nèi)的話語權(quán),處理好國家利益和國際義務(wù)的關(guān)系,防范超級大國推行雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和霸權(quán)主義,從而更好地維護中國的國家利益和全人類的共同利益。
[Abstract]:The international nuclear non-proliferation regime refers to the sum of all national and international laws, treaties, agreements and institutions established by the international community to prevent nuclear proliferation and promote nuclear disarmament and arms control. The official symbol of this mechanism is the signing of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear weapons (NPT) in 1968. After decades of continuous development and improvement, it has now formed a set of building blocks based on the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear weapons. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is the main safeguards enforcement agency and includes a full range of relevant treaties and institutional mechanisms. The international nuclear non-proliferation regime is characterized by universality, effectiveness, injustice and incompleteness. This mechanism has played an important role in controlling and reducing the number of nuclear-weapon States and promoting the peaceful use of atomic energy, and has made positive contributions to the maintenance of regional and world peace and stability; However, the mechanism is essentially unfair, and some legal treaty contents and organizational functions need to be improved. With regard to the international nuclear non-proliferation regime, China has experienced an overall boycott and partially participated in the process of full participation. This is determined by China's national interests. It is the structure of the international system and the process of the international system at different times. The result of the combined action of many factors, such as the concept of national security. China's participation in the international nuclear non-proliferation regime has made great achievements, guaranteed the interests of national security, established a good international image, expanded the channels for participation in international mechanisms, and increased the resources available for participation in international affairs. At the same time, China is also faced with some challenges, such as the lack of voice in the mechanism, the risk of harming the national interests still exists, the superpower uses the nuclear non-proliferation issue to promote hegemonism and so on. In the future, in the process of participating in the mechanism, China needs to increase its voice in the mechanism, handle the relationship between national interests and international obligations, and guard against the implementation of double standards and hegemonism by the superpowers. In order to better safeguard China's national interests and the common interests of all mankind.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D815.2;D822
本文編號：2297032
[Abstract]:The international nuclear non-proliferation regime refers to the sum of all national and international laws, treaties, agreements and institutions established by the international community to prevent nuclear proliferation and promote nuclear disarmament and arms control. The official symbol of this mechanism is the signing of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear weapons (NPT) in 1968. After decades of continuous development and improvement, it has now formed a set of building blocks based on the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear weapons. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is the main safeguards enforcement agency and includes a full range of relevant treaties and institutional mechanisms. The international nuclear non-proliferation regime is characterized by universality, effectiveness, injustice and incompleteness. This mechanism has played an important role in controlling and reducing the number of nuclear-weapon States and promoting the peaceful use of atomic energy, and has made positive contributions to the maintenance of regional and world peace and stability; However, the mechanism is essentially unfair, and some legal treaty contents and organizational functions need to be improved. With regard to the international nuclear non-proliferation regime, China has experienced an overall boycott and partially participated in the process of full participation. This is determined by China's national interests. It is the structure of the international system and the process of the international system at different times. The result of the combined action of many factors, such as the concept of national security. China's participation in the international nuclear non-proliferation regime has made great achievements, guaranteed the interests of national security, established a good international image, expanded the channels for participation in international mechanisms, and increased the resources available for participation in international affairs. At the same time, China is also faced with some challenges, such as the lack of voice in the mechanism, the risk of harming the national interests still exists, the superpower uses the nuclear non-proliferation issue to promote hegemonism and so on. In the future, in the process of participating in the mechanism, China needs to increase its voice in the mechanism, handle the relationship between national interests and international obligations, and guard against the implementation of double standards and hegemonism by the superpowers. In order to better safeguard China's national interests and the common interests of all mankind.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D815.2;D822
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，本文編號：2297032
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