【摘要】： 1915年4月22日,德軍在比利時(shí)南部伊普雷用氯氣攻擊英法聯(lián)軍,揭開了人類歷史上化學(xué)戰(zhàn)爭的序幕。受此強(qiáng)烈刺激,未及一戰(zhàn)結(jié)束,日本政府就迫不及待地在陸軍省設(shè)立毒氣委員會(huì),負(fù)責(zé)化學(xué)武器的研發(fā)。1937年7月7日,日本全面侵華戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā),日本軍隊(duì)在各戰(zhàn)場瘋狂地對(duì)中國軍民使用被國際法所禁止的化學(xué)武器,遭到世界各國的強(qiáng)烈譴責(zé)。 第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后,在美國一手主導(dǎo)的東京審判下,日本的生化戰(zhàn)爭責(zé)任未被清算。日本政府在相當(dāng)長的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)拒不承認(rèn)對(duì)華化學(xué)戰(zhàn)的事實(shí)。戰(zhàn)時(shí)生產(chǎn)的大量化學(xué)武器被遺棄在中國,頻頻造成意外事故,加之日本國內(nèi)頻繁出現(xiàn)的遺棄化學(xué)武器傷害事件引發(fā)了人們對(duì)于日本二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期在華化學(xué)戰(zhàn)的關(guān)注。在學(xué)者們的努力下,日軍在華使用化學(xué)武器的大量證據(jù)被公開。迫于輿論的壓力,日本政府不得不承認(rèn)遺棄事實(shí)。隨后,中日兩國政府依據(jù)《禁止化學(xué)武器公約》就日本遺棄在華化學(xué)武器問題進(jìn)行了廣泛的磋商,并就原則性問題達(dá)成一致,簽訂了《中日關(guān)于銷毀中國境內(nèi)日本遺棄化學(xué)武器的備忘錄》。 盡管《禁止化學(xué)武器公約》和《中日關(guān)于銷毀中國境內(nèi)日本遺棄化學(xué)武器的備忘錄》的締結(jié)為處理日本遺棄在華化學(xué)武器問題指明了前進(jìn)的方向,但日方處理態(tài)度消極,處理進(jìn)展極其緩慢。日本新當(dāng)選首相上臺(tái)后,提出了建立東亞共同體的構(gòu)想。而中日歷史遺留問題的解決與否將直接關(guān)系著東亞共同體的成敗以及地區(qū)的和平與穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:On April 22, 1915, German forces attacked the Anglo-French coalition forces with chlorine gas in Ipry, southern Belgium, beginning the chemical war in human history. Under such a strong stimulus, before the end of the first World War, the Japanese government was eager to set up a poisonous gas committee in the Ministry of Land and the Armed Forces to be responsible for the development of chemical weapons. On July 7, 1937, Japan's all-out war of aggression against China broke out. The Japanese army's frantic use of chemical weapons prohibited by international law against Chinese soldiers and civilians in various battlefields has been strongly condemned around the world. After the end of World War II, Japan's responsibility for biological and chemical warfare was not settled under the American-dominated Tokyo trial. The Japanese government for quite a long time refused to acknowledge the fact of the chemical war against China. A large number of chemical weapons produced in wartime have been abandoned in China, causing accidents frequently, and the frequent incidents of chemical weapons abandonment in Japan have aroused people's concern about Japan's chemical warfare in China during World War II. With the efforts of scholars, evidence of the use of chemical weapons by Japanese troops in China has been made public. Under pressure from public opinion, the Japanese government had to admit the abandonment. Subsequently, the Chinese and Japanese governments held extensive consultations on the issue of Japan's abandonment of chemical weapons in China in accordance with the Chemical weapons Convention, and reached agreement on the issue of principle. China and Japan signed a memorandum on the destruction of abandoned chemical weapons in Japan in China. Although the conclusion of the Chemical weapons Convention and the Sino-Japanese Memorandum on the destruction of Japan's abandoned Chemical weapons in China pointed out the way forward in dealing with the issue of Japan's abandoned chemical weapons in China, the Japanese side took a negative attitude. Progress in handling has been extremely slow. After Japan's newly elected prime minister came to power, he put forward the idea of establishing East Asia Community. The settlement of the problems left over from the history of China and Japan will directly affect the success or failure of the East Asian Community and the peace and stability of the region.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D822.331.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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1 陳幸;國民政府抗日防化體系建設(shè)研究（1927-1945）[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：2267249