【摘要】：金融外交是基于國家安全而開展的國際金融活動。金融外交一方面是為本國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展服務(wù)的，發(fā)揮著維護國家金融安全、增強本國金融實力、提升本國金融的國際地位等作用；另一方面，金融外交在建立和發(fā)展國際金融體系、協(xié)調(diào)國際金融關(guān)系、解決國際金融爭端、開展國際金融合作、化解國際金融危機、完善和改革國際金融秩序等方面發(fā)揮著重要的作用。不過金融外交本質(zhì)上是經(jīng)濟全球化深入發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物，是謀求國家利益的重要工具。 奧巴馬上臺后美國經(jīng)濟增長乏力，，與此同時，近些年來中國的經(jīng)濟卻發(fā)展迅速，中美經(jīng)濟實力的對比正在發(fā)生不利于美國的變化。美國認為中國正試圖以其經(jīng)濟實力為基礎(chǔ)改變現(xiàn)行的由美國主導的國際經(jīng)濟秩序，進而威脅美國的世界經(jīng)濟霸主地位。在此情況下，奧巴馬政府做出了一系列對華政策安排，其中就包括對華實施金融外交策略。金融外交策略有多種表現(xiàn)形式，目前為止，奧巴馬主要動用了匯率戰(zhàn)和資本市場制裁這兩種武器。奧巴馬對華實施金融外交策略，試圖遏制中國經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展，保持美國在世界經(jīng)濟中的領(lǐng)先地位，最終維護并鞏固美國的唯一超級大國地位。不過從現(xiàn)實主義國際關(guān)系理論的角度看，中方至少可以采取以下三方面措施對美國此舉進行反制，即：擇機減持美國國債，以此為籌碼施壓美國；融資市場多元化，盡可能利用美國資本；實行外匯投資多元化，加強黃金和石油的儲備。
[Abstract]:Financial diplomacy is an international financial activity based on national security. On the one hand, financial diplomacy serves the economic and social development of our country, plays a role in safeguarding national financial security, strengthening our financial strength, and enhancing our country's international position in finance; on the other hand, Financial diplomacy plays an important role in establishing and developing international financial system, coordinating international financial relations, resolving international financial disputes, developing international financial cooperation, resolving international financial crisis and perfecting and reforming international financial order. However, financial diplomacy is essentially the product of the deep development of economic globalization and an important tool for seeking national interests. U.S. economic growth has been weak since Obama took office, while China's economy has grown rapidly in recent years, and the balance of economic power between China and the United States is changing against the United States. The United States believes that China is trying to change the current international economic order dominated by the United States on the basis of its economic power, thereby threatening the United States' world economic hegemony. In this context, the Obama administration has made a series of China policy arrangements, including the implementation of financial diplomacy with China. There are many forms of financial diplomacy, and so far, Obama has used two weapons, currency warfare and capital market sanctions. Obama implemented a financial diplomacy strategy to China, trying to curb the rapid development of China's economy, maintain the leading position of the United States in the world economy, and ultimately maintain and consolidate the United States as the sole superpower. However, from the perspective of realistic international relations theory, the Chinese side can at least take the following three measures to counter the US move, that is, to choose the opportunity to reduce its holdings of US Treasuries as a bargaining chip to pressure the United States; and to diversify the financing market. Use American capital as much as possible; diversify foreign exchange investment and strengthen gold and oil reserves.
【學位授予單位】：蘇州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D871.2

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